CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter deals with the methods and steps used by the researcher to carry

out this study. The methods and procedures adopted in carrying out this study are

described and discussed under the following heading as:

3.1. Design of the study

3.2. Area of the study

3.3. Population of the study

3.4. Sample and sampling technique

3.5. Instrument for data collection

3.6. Validation of the instruction

3.7. Reliability of the instruction

3.8. Method of data collection

3.9. Method of data analysis

3.1 Design of the Study

The study adopted basically a descriptive survey research design which aims

at investigate teacher’s personality, teacher’s methodology and teaching resources

as they influence students’ attitude towards mathematics in Delta North Senatorial

District of Delta State. Shields, Patricia and Rangarajan, (2013) descriptive

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research design defined as a research design that describes the characteristics of the

population or phenomenon studied. This methodology focuses more on the “what”

of the research subject than the “why” of the research subject

3.2 Area of the Study

This study was carried out in the Delta North Senatorial District of Delta

State. Delta North Senatorial District comprises of nine Local Government Areas

namely Ika South, Ndokwa East, Ndokwa West, Aniocha North, Aniocha South,

Ika North-East, Ukwuani Oshimili North and Oshimili South (Appendix A).

3.3 Population of the Study

The population for this study consisted of all teachers in the public

secondary Schools in Delta North Senatorial District, Delta State. According to

Delta State Ministry of Education (2020) there are 171 secondary schools in Delta

North Senatorial District of Delta State.

3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique

The researcher sample four (4) local government area which ma44.44% of

the nine (9) Local Government Areas in Delta North Senatorial district were

selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique to give four

(4) local government areas (Appendix A). Fifty percent (50%) of the Sixty eight

(68) public secondary schools (Appendix D) in these four (4) local Government

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areas were also selected through proportionate random sampling. All the

Mathematics teachers in these schools formed the sample of the study.

One hundred and thirty-eight (132) mathematic teachers in thirty-four (34)

public secondary schools formed the sample of the study. Sixty-eight (73) male

teachers and seventy (59) female mathematic teachers were represented in the

sample of study.

3.4 Research Instrument

The instrument used is a structured questionnaire designed by researcher.

The questionnaire was divided into two parts: Part A of the questionnaire

contained questions on the demographic data of the respondents and Part B items

that answered the research questions. The items were on a 4-points likert scale

ranging Strongly Agreed, Agreed, Disagreed and Strongly Disagreed.

3.5 Validity of the Instrument

To establish the validity of the research instrument, the questionnaire was

subjected to face validity, to ensure that the instrument consistently measures

accurately what it was designed to measure. Hence, it was given to three experts,

an expert in the Department of Science Education at the National Open University

of Nigeria, Benin study center and two experts in Department of Science Education

in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka to determine the face validity of the research

instrument which included corrections, suggestions and deletions were applicable.

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The experts were required to assess the instrument with respect to appropriateness

of content, language, comprehensiveness of the various items. Based on the

recommendations of these experts, the research instrument was modified.

3.6 Reliability of the Instrument

To measure reliability of the instrument, the questionnaire was determined using

crobach alpha test by distributing 20 copies of the instrument to teachers in one

public secondary schools in Delta North District Senatorial that was not part of the

sample of study. To ascertain the internal consistency of the instrument Cronbach

Alpha, the statistical yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.80 hence the instrument

was adjudged reliable for the study.

3.7 Method of Data Collection

Data was collected by administering the questionnaire to the respondents

who are teachers of the selected public secondary schools in Delta North District

Senatorial. It was administered face to face by the researcher to the respondents all

the 144 copies of questionnaire distributed to respondents, and immediately

retrieved.

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3.8 Method of Data Analysis

The data collected for this study was analyzed using descriptive and statistical

analysis presenting data in tabular and chart forms using mean, median and

standard deviation. Descriptive tools such as frequency and percentages was

employed to show demographic data and quantitative or inferential analysis will be

used to evaluate the effects and relationships between variables. Pearson Moment

Correlation was employed to show whether there is any correlation between

dependent and independent variables with the use of SPSS (statistical package for

social scientist). The Multiple Regression tool was used to test hypotheses to

determine the relationship between internationalization and outcome. Data entry

errors, inconsistencies and missing data were verified with the original

questionnaires. For the dichotomous variables (age, gender and so on), percentages

were used to present the distribution.