Comparing wired & wireless

2
WLAN Topology

• Radio Frequency (RF)

• Unidirectional communication
• Bidirectional communication
• Interference in transmission

43
 WLAN Terms

• Basic Service Set (BSS)

• Basic Service Area (BSA) or cell
• Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID)
• Service Set Identifier (SSID)

2
Distribution System Multiple SSID

2
 Scaling Wireless Coverage

2
IBSS & Repeater

• Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or Ad hoc

• Repeater

2
Workgroup bridge

• Universal Workgroup Bridge

• Workgroup Bridge: Cisco pro.

2
Outdoor Bridge

10
Mesh wireless network

50
Radio Frequency

• Electromagnetic waves do not travel in a straight

line. Instead, they travel by expanding in all
directions away from the antenna.
• What is Cycle?
• Frequency unit names.

51
Radio Frequency

43
Wifi Channel

• Wifi channel is a collection of different frequencies which work together

• For example: In channel-1 in the 2.4 GHz consist of 2.401 GHz through 2.423
GHz

51
Non Overlapping Channel 2.4

2
Non Overlapping Channel 5GHz

2
Wireless Bands and channels
• One of the two main frequency ranges used for wireless LAN communication lies
between 2.400 and 2.4835 GHz. This is usually called the 2.4-GHz band.
• The other wireless LAN range is usually called the 5-GHz band because it lies
between 5.150 and 5.825 GHz. (24 Non overlapping channel)
• The 5-GHz band consist of non-overlapping channels but 2.4 GHz band not.
• Use channel 1, 6, and 11 to avoid overlaps
• Wireless devices & Aps should all be capable of operating in same Band.
• Device support means: 802.11b/g/a/n/ac
• Cisco AP support dual radio {2.4 & 5 GHz} also multiple SSID.
• In open space, RF reach further on the 2.4-GHz band than on the 5-GHz band.
They also tend to penetrate indoor walls and objects easier at 2.4 GHz than 5 GHz.
52
IEEE 802.11 Amendments

53
Autonomous vs Light-weight mode

• Autonomous mode: each APs must be configured and maintain individually & do
not require a controller to control the AP for management.
• Light-weight mode: each APs require a WLC to configure, control and maintain all
of the AP and provide ease of management for the communication setting
between APs.
• An AP will operate in a combine mode, means when connected to Controller can be
controlled by WLC {Light-weight} mode and when it disconnected can operate
Autonomous mode
• Interface BVI = Switch Virtual interface for IP assign, telnet, ssh and MGMT

54
Wireless Network with Autonomous APs

2
Cloud-Based APs

• Cisco Prime Infrastructure in a Central location within the enterprise or internet.

• The Cisco Meraki cloud register device and adds the intelligence needed to
automatically instruct each AP on which channel and transmit power level to use.
It can also collect information from all of the APs about things such as RF
interference, rogue or unexpected wireless devices that were overheard, and
wireless usage statistics.
• Cisco Meraki products are not only APs. Switches, Routers, Security … also include.

56
 Cloud-based AP {Meraki}