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WSA Technology A Competitive Solution For Sulfur Management Llorens Haldor Topsoe SRU Galveston 2018 PDF
WSA Technology A Competitive Solution For Sulfur Management Llorens Haldor Topsoe SRU Galveston 2018 PDF
2
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Services:
• Catalysts
• Technology/licensing
• Engineering
• Hardware
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Active phase Pore structure Catalyst Reactor • Operation assistance
Synergies in the Topsoe business model
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Refinery Overview Topsoe WSA plant
SRU Tailgas
H2S
SRU
Naphta
Atmospheric
Kero
distillation
MHC
Vacuum
H2S
Lubricating oils
Power
HC
Delayed coker
Visbreaker
H2SO4
H2S
Sulfur
Claus plant
~ 90 %
of all sulfur
H2S
Sulfuric acid
7
Four times more energy
when producing sulfuric acid instead of sulfur
222
S
H2S
(solid)
Sulfur:
222 kJ/mole
H2SO4 H2SO4
H2S 519 SO2 99 SO3 101
(gas)
85
(liquid)
Sulfuric acid:
804 kJ/mole
-2 0 +4 +6 +6 +6
Oxidation state of sulfur
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Limitations when producing sulfur in a Claus plant
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Comparison WSA vs. Claus
Summary
▪ WSA offers larger revenues and less CAPEX
▪ WSA produces 3 times as much steam; this means
saving in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
▪ WSA produces HP steam; Claus produces mostly MP
steam
▪ WSA handles NH3, COS and hydrocarbons
▪ DeNOx is conveniently included in the WSA process,
when required
▪ Smaller plot area for WSA than for Claus
▪ Less equipment is required
▪ WSA is simple and easy to operate.
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What is WSA - Wet gas Sulfuric Acid
A process for cleaning sulfur containing streams under production of
concentrated sulfuric acid
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WSA process lay-out
H2S gas Reaction:
H2SO4 (g) → H2SO4 (liq) + heat
Superheated steam
Cleaned gas
Blower
Combustion air
SO2 converter
BFW Blower
Steam Air
drum
Interbed
cooler
WSA
WHB Interbed
H2S gas condenser
cooler
Combustor Gas
cooler
Reaction:
Acid cooler
H2S + 1½O2 → SO2 + H2O + heat
CW
Reaction:
Reaction:
Product acid
SO2 + ½O2 → SO3 + heat
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4 (g) + heat
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WSA process lay-out
H2S gas + SWS gas
Superheated steam
Cleaned gas
Blower
Combustion air
SO2 converter
BFW Blower
Steam Air
drum
SCR Interbed
cooler
H2S gas WSA
WHB Interbed condenser
cooler
Superheated steam
Cleaned gas
Blower
Combustion air
SO2 converter
BFW Blower
Steam Air
drum ESP Interbed
cooler
Dust WSA
H2S gas WHB Interbed condenser
Spent cooler
acid
Atom. air Combustor Gas
cooler
Fuel gas
Acid cooler
CW
Product acid
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SO2 conversion catalyst series VK-W
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WSA condenser
Sulfuric acid
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WSA condenser – modular construction
Clean Gas Outlet
Cooling Air
Inlet
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WSA condenser design
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WSA/SNOXTM references
March 2018
Acid production: 4 – 1,140 MTPD
155+ references
1 1 41
2
3 11 13 5 24
1 26 18
12 16 1 14 8
8
5 2 15 25
4 6 1
29 4 14 31
3 5
2
4 4 7 17 7
2 4 10 8 9
2
Oil refining 2
9 10 28
19
30
11
19
24 31
22
32 14
29 17
16
24
35 23
17 30
8 10 47
12
18 23
6 20 11 12 33 37
26 3 3 4
11 22 3 38 40
25 28
27 8 7 5 46 45
Coking 10 18 25
27 26 19 15 6 21 13 16 32
5 21 9 13 29 28 20
6 39 15 31 7
6
51 33 32
Gasification
27
42
Metallurgy 22 23
8
1 5
6 7
9
13
Viscose
21
12
14 7
Sundry applications 44 34
3 9
43 36
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Refinery WSA plants
Traditional SRU