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Established in 1952 As The Customs Co-Operation Council Créée en 1952 Sous Le Nom de Conseil de Coopération Douanière
Established in 1952 As The Customs Co-Operation Council Créée en 1952 Sous Le Nom de Conseil de Coopération Douanière
Reference documents :
NC0355E1 (HSC/27) NC0807E1 (HSC/33)
NC0430E2, paras. 50-53 (HSC/27 - Report) NC0845E2, paras. 53-55 (HSC/33 - Report)
NC0445E1 (HSC/28) NC0903E1a (HSC/35)
NC0510E2, paras. 43-46 (HSC/28 - Report) NC0938E1b, paras. 69-74 (HSC/35 – Report)
NC0523E1 (HSC/29) NC1069E1a (HSC/38)
NC0590E2, paras. 49-57 (HSC/29 - Report) NC1123E1b, paras. 47-50 (HSC/38 – Report)
NC0666E1 (HSC/31) NC1188E1a (HSC/40)
NC0730E2, paras. 48-50 (HSC/31 - Report)
I. INTRODUCTION
1. With a view to providing accurate information to all Member administrations about free trade
agreements (hereinafter referred to as "FTAs") and their importance vis-à-vis the Harmonized
System, the Secretariat has conducted a “survey on free trade agreements” and reported on the
issue to the HS Committee since its 27th Session. At its 39th Session, the Committee agreed to
put this information on the WCO public Web site by taking the results of the survey contained in
the annex to the working document. The Committee also agreed to continue publishing this
information at its fall session.
2. The Secretariat has updated the information provided in Doc. NC1188E1a (HSC/40), as set out
in Annexes I to III to this document. This survey is focused on providing some information on
FTAs currently in force and the share of imports from FTA countries in world trade. In order to
obtain information about FTAs, the Secretariat has referred to the WTO Web site concerning
“Regional Trade Agreements Notified to the GATT/WTO and in force as of 30 May 2008”. For
the purposes of this survey, countries mean members of the FTAs, including territories. For
convenience of analysis, “shares of imports from FTA countries” were computed based on trade
statistics from the “Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook 2007” published by the International
Monetary Fund. The survey was limited to trade in goods only.
Copyright© 2008 World Customs Organization. All rights reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning translation, reproduction and
adaptation rights should be addressed to copyright@wcoomd.org.
NC1321E1a
3. Annex I to this document provides some information on FTAs such as the number of members
of the agreements, names of member countries, date of entry into force and types of
agreements. This survey is based on WTO information sources, and it only includes the
regional trade agreements for which the WTO was notified, as being Free Trade Agreements or
Customs unions as of 30 May 2008. As compared to the previous year’s survey, the number of
FTAs listed has increased from 123 to 1. Among the 1 FTAs listed, about two-third (80 FTAs;
65%) were established among or with European countries including the EC, EFTA and/or CIS
countries.
4. Annex II reveals trade information for all countries that had FTAs as of
31 December 2006. About 43% of the world’s total imports (US$ 10,718.6 billion) occurred
among FTA member countries and almost half (45.6%) of FTA member countries’ total
imports (US$ 10,033.5 billion) came from other FTA member countries. In the case of
European countries, almost 70% of the European countries’ total imports (US$ 4,613.6
billion) came from FTA member countries.
5. Annex III shows the distribution of country groups with different levels of shares of imports from
FTA member countries in terms of total import value in the year 2005. In the case of 30
countries, more than 70% of the total import value came from the FTA member countries. For
about 40% (57 countries) of the 146 FTA member countries (as of 31 December 2005), over
50% of total imports came from FTA member countries.
6. Given that 146 Countries (as of 30 May 2008) are involved in one or more FTAs and over 40%
of world trade takes place among FTA member countries, FTAs play an important role in world
trade. In the future, more countries are expected to enter FTAs for various reasons. As the
number of FTAs increases, the share of imports subject to free rates of duty will also increase.
7. This trend leads us to the following conclusions in respect of the Harmonized System as
reported at previous Sessions of the HS Committee:
• Since FTAs eliminate Customs duties between members as against non-members, the
Harmonized System is crucial for that purpose. Trade statistics based on the
Harmonized System will also be essential as countries look to determine whether an FTA
is a viable option.
• Since FTAs remove duties for goods originating in FTA member countries as against non-
members, preferential rules of origin are essential and the Harmonized System is
important to FTAs whose rules of origin are based on a change in tariff classification.
IV. CONCLUSION
8. The Committee is requested to take note of the results of the Secretariat’s survey.
* * *
2.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/1.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/2.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/3.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/4.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/5.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/6.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/7.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
I/8.
Annex I to Doc. NC1321E1a
HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
Note : Among the Regional Trade Agreements notified to the GATT/WTO, Preferential arrangements, Services agreements and
the Agreements for accessions to existing agreements are excluded from the list.
* * *
I/9.
Annex II to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
SHARE OF IMPORTS FROM FTA COUNTRIES FOR THE YEAR 2006 (1)
(As of 31 December 2006)
(Unit: Millions of US$)
Total Imports Imports from (B)/(A) Number of
FTA Countries
(A) FTA countries (B) (%) FTA Countries
EUROPE
EC (25)
Austria 137,275 117,421.2 85.54 EC, OCTs, 22
Belgium 351,919 271,418.08 77.13 EC, OCTs, 22
Cyprus 6,931.6 5,279.98 76.17 EC, OCTs, 22
Czech Republic 92,871 75,154.25 80.92 EC, OCTs, 22
Denmark 86,294 71,007 82.28 EC, OCTs, 22
Estonia 13,293.4 10,024.95 75.41 EC, OCTs, 22
Finland 68,938 47,324 68.65 EC, OCTs, 22
France 534,832 410,155.5 76.69 EC, OCTs, 22
Germany 909,283 623,036.17 68.52 EC, OCTs, 22
Greece 63,469 38,701.5 60.98 EC, OCTs, 22
Hungary 78,366 54,344 69.35 EC, OCTs, 22
Ireland 72,901 51,975 71.29 EC, OCTs, 22
Italy 437,626 291,018.33 66.49 EC, OCTs, 22
Latvia 11,580.8 9,591.84 82.83 EC, OCTs, 22
Lithuania 19,413.1 12,593.99 64.87 EC, OCTs, 22
Luxembourg 26,629 19,194 72.08 EC, OCTs, 22
Malta 3,979.8 2,855.84 71.76 EC, OCTs, 22
Netherlands 417,098 230,986.25 55.38 EC, OCTs, 22
Poland 127,209 96,511.08 75.87 EC, OCTs, 22
Portugal 66,684 52,182 78.25 EC, OCTs, 22
Slovak Republic 45,985 35,184 76.51 EC, OCTs, 22
Slovenia 24,136 20,903.17 86.61 EC, OCTs, 22
Spain 316,582 222,270.17 70.21 EC, OCTs, 22
Sweden 127,187 95,111.75 74.78 EC, OCTs, 22
United Kingdom 546,795 335,985.25 61.45 EC, OCTs, 22
EFTA (4)
Iceland 6,139.2 3,894.19 63.43 EC, EFTA, 3
II/1.
Annex II to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
CACM (5)
Costa Rica 110,222.7 1,360.15 1.23 CACM, 4
El Salvador 7,374.4 1,923.29 26.08 CACM, 4
CARICOM (15)
Antigua and Barbuda - - - CARICOM
Bahamas 10,274.5 67.56 0.65 CARICOM
II/2.
Annex II to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
MERCOSUR (4)
Argentina 34,151 12,685 37.14 MERCOSUR
AFRICA
SADC (14) 96,078.5 32,657.01
Angola 6,388.3 767.91 12.02 SADC
Botswana - - - SADC
Congo (Dem. Rep. of) 2,193.5 252.17 11.49 SADC
Lesotho - - - SADC
Madagascar 2,032.2 236.93 11.65 SADC
Malawi 785.7 405.8 51.64 SADC
Mauritius 3,646.2 313.95 8.61 SADC
Mozambique 2,913.7 1,148.19 39.40 SADC
Namibia - - - SADC
South Africa 67,983 25,022.77 36.80 EC, SADC
Swaziland - - - SADC
Tanzania 4,498.2 748.95 16.65 SADC
Zambia 3,080.9 1,782.47 57.85 SADC
Zimbabwe 2,556.8 1,977.87 77.36 SADC
Middle East
Pan-Arab FTA(16) 401,009.1 111,270.96 27.75
Bahrain 8,675 4,427.44 51.04 PAFTA, 1
Egypt 39,540 15,947 40.33 PAFTA, EC
Iraq 13,895 5,084 36.59 PAFTA
Jordan 13,449.9 9,245.95 68.74 PAFTA, EC, EFTA, 2
Kuwait 16,666 2,873 17.24 PAFTA
Lebanon 11,004.1 6,740.39 61.25 PAFTA, EC
Libya 10,243 1,333 13.01 PAFTA
II/3.
Annex II to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
Notes : The reference source for the original data concerning import values is “Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook 2007”, the International
Monetary Fund
* * *
II/4.
Annex III to Doc. NC1321E1a
(HSC/42/Sept. 2008)
SHARE OF IMPORTS FROM FTA COUNTRIES FOR THE YEAR 2006 (2)
(As of 31 December 2006)
Share of
Imports
Number of Names of countries
from FTA
countries
countries
Higher than
7 Austria, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland, Slovenia, Switzerland, Tunisia
80%
Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France,
70-80% 23 Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Morocco,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden
Algeria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, FYROM (Macedonia, FYR), Germany,
60-70% 19 Greece, Guatemala, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malawi,
Syrian Arab Republic (Syria), Tajikistan, United Kingdom, Zimbabwe
Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Netherlands, New Caledonia, Nicaragua,
50-60% 8
Papua New Guinea, Turkey, Zambia
Bahrain, Egypt, Hong Kong, China, Kazakhstan, Macao, China, Mozambique,
40-50% 10
Paraguay, South Africa, Uruguay, Uzbekistan
Argentina, Chile, Georgia, Grenada, Iraq, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Oman, St.
30-40% 12
Vincent and the Grenadines, Ukraine, United States, Yemen
Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
20-30% 14 Congo (Dem. Rep. of), Dominica, Guyana, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, St. Kitts and
Nevis, St. Lucia, Sudan
Angola, Jamaica, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Netherlands Antilles, Qatar, Russian
10-20% 11
Federation, Singapore, Suriname, Tanzania
Albania, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, China, Haiti, India, Japan, Mauritius, Panama,
0-10% 17 Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Serbia Montenegro, Thailand, Trinidad and
Tobago, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates
Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Botswana, British Antarctic Territory,
British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland
Islands, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Territories, Lesotho,
No data
25 Liechtenstein, Mayotte, Montserrat, Namibia, Palestinian Authority, Pitcairn
available
Islands, Saint Helena Ascension Island Tristan da Cunha, Saint Pierre and
Miquelon, South Georgia and Sandwich Islands, Swaziland, Turks and Caicos
Islands, UNMIK (Kosovo), Wallis and Futuna Islands
Total 146
__________
III.