Active → oración en la que tenemos un

sujeto que realiza una acción.

Pasive → oración en la que el sujeto no
realiza la acción, sino que la recibe.
ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE
SUJ + VERB + CD + CC (L, T, M)

CD + V.TO BE + VERB + …. + BY SUJ

(NUEVO PAST
SUJETO) PART

EL VERBO TO BE SE INTRODUCE
CONJUGADO EXACTAMENTE IGUAL QUE
ESTÉ EL VERBO EN LA ORACIÓN ACTIVA
Examples
MARY BUYS FLOWERS
FLOWERS ARE BOUGHT BY MARY

MARY DOESN´T BUY FLOWERS

FLOWERS AREN´T BOUGHT BY MARY

MARY IS [BUYING] FLOWERS

=
FLOWERS ARE BEING BOUGHT BY MARY
Suj + aux + verb + ….

ANTONIO IS STUDYING ENGLISH IN THE

AFTERNOON.
ENGLISH IS BEING STUDIED IN THE
AFTERNOON BY ANTONIO
ANTONIO BOUGHT BREAD YESTERDAY
BREAD WAS BOUGHT YESTERDAY BY
ANTONIO

ASIER DIDN’T COPY VERBS LAST WEEK

VERBS WEREN´T COPIED LAST WEEK BY
ASIER

SHERE WAS DOING LOTS OF THINGS

LOTS OF THINGS WERE BEING DONE BY
SHERE

MARY WILL HAVE BEEN BUYING BREAD

AUX1 AUX2 AUX3 VERB

BREAD WILL HAVE BEEN BEING BOUGHT

BY MARY
PASIVA CON DOS OBJETOS
1. SUJETO + V + CD+CI+….

SUJ + BE + V + TO + CI BY……
3º C/ED

2. SUJETO + V + CD+ CI+….

SUJETO + BE + V + CD + BY…..
CI CD

JOHN BOUGHT Mary flowers

1.FLOWERS WERE BOUGHT TO MARY BY JOHN
2. MARY was bought flowers by JOHN
 Causative passive

“HAVE SOMETHING DONE”

SE INTRODUCE HAVE SOMETHING ES EL CD DONE EQUIVALE AL

EN VEZ DE EL VERBO VERBO PPAL EN
TO BE PARTICIPIO

LA PASIVA CAUSATIVA SE USA PARA DECIR QUE

ALGUIEN NOS HA PRESTADO UN SERVICIO O NOS
HA HECHO ALGO.

Tu te has cortado el pelo a ti mismo

Me he cortado el pelo →
Alguien te ha cortado el pelo
I have cut my hair → me he cortado el pelo a mi mismo

“have something done”

I have “HAD MY HAIR CUT”

Suj + aux + ESTRUCTURA CAUSATIVA (HAVE SOMETHING DONE)

“ME HAN CORTADO EL PELO”

REPARO MI ORDENADOR UNA VEZ AL AÑO
I REPAIR MY COMPUTER ONCE A YEAR
I “HAVE MY COMPUTER REPAIRED” ONCE A YEAR

ESTOY PINTANDO MI CASA

I AM PAINTING MY HOUSE
I AM “HAVING MY HOUSE PAINTED”

ME HARÉ UNA FOTO

I WILL TAKE A PHOTO OF MYSELF
I WILL “HAVE A PHOTO TAKEN”

DESCRIBING A PICTURE : PEOPLE AND

SOMEONE IS TAKING A PHOTO OF THEM. →
→1º TIEMPO VERBAL (PRESENT CONT) →
➔ THEY / PEOPLE ARE havING a photo taken
Al describir una foto, siempre usamos present cont,
por tanto siempre pondremos suj + is/are having…..
Impersonal passive
People think that cars pollute a lot
1º poner un sujeto impersonal→ “IT”
2º INTRODUCIR EL VERB TO BE → = VERBO 1ª ORACION
3º VERB PPAL → PAST PART.
4º COPIAR EL RESTO =

1- IT IS THOUGHT THAT cars pollute a lot

(2- LA SEGUNDA FORMA,… PARA EL B2)

People thought that cars are polluting a

lot
1- IT WAS THOUGHT THAT cars are
polluting a lot
2-

PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT CHOCOLATE IS NOT

HEALTHY
IT IS BELIEVED THAT CHOCOLATE IS NOT
HEALTHY
 COMMANDS AND INSTRUCTIONS
ORDENES → EN ESPAÑOL USAMOS EL IMPERATIVO.
EN INGLÉS →
• (+) USAMOS EL INFINITIVO SIN TO ( STUDY!. Do
your homework!...)
Es una estructura que no lleva SUJETO.
• (-) usamos el DON´T + INFINITIVO SIN TO
(don´t touch it, don´t cheat, don’t do that….)