PLTU (Steam Power Plant)

The steam that occurs from heating the boiler is used to turn the turbine. The energy from turbine
is turned into electrical energy by generator. The primary energy used by the PLTU is fuel.

Advantages :

• High Efficiency.

• Suitable to meet base load.

• The power produced is large.

Deficiency :

• Long start process.

• Requires a large area of land.

• Initial investment is expensive.

PLTA (Hydro Power Plant)

The power from water pushes is used to turn the turbine. The energy from turbine is turned into
electrical energy by generator. The primary energy used by the PLTA is the power from water
stream.

There are several advantages of hydroelectric power (PLTA) which can be summarized as follows:

• The power output capacity of PLTA is relatively large compared to other renewable energy
generators and the technology can be mastered well by Indonesia.

• Hydroelectric plants generally have a long lifespan, about 50-100 years.

• Dams can be used for other activities, such as irrigation or as water reserves and tourism.

Weaknesses of hydropower:

• Requires large inventory

• Requires a large area of land to build a large capacity power plant

PLTD (Diesel Power Plant)

Diesel Electricity Center Diesel (PLTD) fueled BBM (diesel),the energy come from diesel usually used
to meet the electricity needs of a small load, especially for new remote areas or for rural electricity.
In its development, PLTD can also use natural gas (BBG).

Advantages :

• The fuel determines the level of efficiency and the process.

• location can be anywhere (coast to mountains) with adjustable capacity, even in remote villages
with few users,
Deficiency :

• use limited / non-renewable / fossil natural resources

PLTP (Geothermal Power Plant)

Geothermal Geothermal is a source of electricity for the Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP). In fact, the
working principle of a PLTP is the same as that of a PLTU. It's just that the steam used is geothermal
steam which comes directly from the bowels of the earth. Therefore, PLTPs are usually built in
mountainous areas near volcanoes.

Advantages :

• Operational costs are cheaper than PLTU, because there is no need to buy fuel,

Deficiency :

• requires a large investment cost, especially for exploration and drilling costs the earth's bowels.

After electric power is generated in power plant centers such as PLTA, PLTU, PLTG, and PLTD and
then channeled through transmission lines after the voltage has been raised by a step-up
transformer in the power center. High-voltage transmission lines have a voltage of 70kV, 150kV, or
500kV. Especially for the 500kV voltage is known as extra high voltage. After the electric power has
been distributed, the voltage is delivered to the substation (G1), then the voltage is lowered using a
step-down transformer to become a medium voltage which is also known as the primary distribution
voltage. The current trend shows that the developing primary distribution voltage for PLN is 20kV.
After the electric power is supplied through the primary distribution network or the Medium Voltage
(JTM) network, the electric power is then lowered again in the distribution substations to a low
voltage, namely 380/220 volts, which is then supplied through the Low Voltage (JTR) network to the
house -house customers (consumers) PLN. Customers with large connected power cannot be
connected to the Low Voltage Network, but rather connected directly to the Medium Voltage
Transmission of Electrical Energy 3 network, there are even customers who are connected to the
transmission network, depending on the amount of power connected.

KWH Meter is a tool for calculating electrical energy consumption. This tool works using the
magnetic field induction method where the magnetic field moves a disc made of aluminum. The
Watt or Kwatt meter, which is generally called the Watt-meter / Kwatt meter is arranged in such a
way that the voltage coil can rotate freely, in this way the electric power can be measured, either in
WH (watt hour) or Kwh (kilo watt hour) ).