2020 09 17 - Masterclass On EV NVH - SoundDesign

Active Sound Design for Automotive
EV/HEV NVH Engineering Webinar

Presenter: Ricardo Sales
Business Development Manager – Automotive & Transportation Testing
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2020 Where today meets tomorrow

Why adding sounds to the vehicle?
BECAUSE YOU MUST BECAUSE YOU CAN
ENSURE PROTECT BRAND STRIVE UNIQUE REDUCE

COMPLIANCE REPUTATION BRAND VALUE COSTS
Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Page 2 2020-09-17 Siemens Digital Industries Software
Simcenter Testlab Sound Designer
Complete and flexible

active sound design
toolset
In-vehicle sound
design for an optimal
tuning process
Sound Quality
evaluation of Active
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations
throughout regulation


active sound design
toolset
In-vehicle sound
tuning process
Sound Quality
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations

Interior vs Exterior Active Sound
Exterior Interior
Brand Sound
legislation feedback
warning Interaction? emotion
society masking

Software based Active Sound Design in early stage
…
SPEED TORQUE

Sequence of layers that generate final sound
ADDITIONAL
SPEED INFLUENCE TORQUE INFLUENCE
REALISM
Overcoming monotonic pitch

Classical approach increase with speed through
Including perception of
Shepard layer
power into the sound
generation
Makes sure low frequent
Advanced approach content remains in place

Two approaches for SPEED based layer
First approach: Order Synthesis as “traditional” approach
Order synthesis
Additional signal manipulations
Classical NVH sound generation
parametrized in perceptions
• Mimic or enhance orders
of an internal combustion
engine Order Added Variance
• Generate sounds known Synthesis + Increasing liveliness and natural
by the listener Roughness - Dirtyness
• Possibility (must) to
create multiple layers
based on different vehicle Complex Sound Signature
load cases Replication of brand identity
Standard Sporty Race

ASD off moderate ASD full ASD “Even without any real combustion engine orders
present, this synthesis sounds very natural &
authentic, where others we tested keep sounding
synthetic”
Two approaches for SPEED based layer
Second approach: “the sky is the limit” with granular synthesis
Granular synthesis
Music industry sound generation parametrized for NVH
• Generate a sound that is

rich and alive
• Possibility to generate
complex signatures in
multiple layers Preloaded Sound Sample
• Sound generation not
linked to classical vehicle
• Requires more experience Replay of Grains from sample with
on sound design varying parameters, such as duration,
pitch (function of Speed), position, …
+ randomization to make sound real and

alive
Introduction to
Overview of all layers
Traditional Approach Sky is the limit

Granular synthesis
Order synthesis
Music industry sound generation parametrized for
Classical NVH sound generation
Speed Layer
NVH
Including combinations
of both
Torque layer: to emphasize dynamic behavior of the vehicle, in function of engine load
Shepard Layer: overcome monotonic pitch increase with speed. Low frequency content remains present.

Introduction to
Multi-layer concept
Vehicle input parameters during sound model creation
…
SPEED TORQUE
Manually enter parameters Use Driver profiles

Define driving profiles:
rpm torque 1. Basic anchor points
2. Models
speed throttle
✓Fast & Easy ✓Easier for comparison during 3. Measure

✓Hard to compare during design design
(no loop) ✓Realistic scenarios DIGITAL BUS
✓Potential artificial scenarios
Introduction to
Drive Sim
ASD Example
Creating and tuning sounds with Granular synthesis
Starting from … an elephant sound
✓ Initial sample sound combined

✓ Pitch rate adjustment
with default settings
✓ Grain position change
✓ Initial pitch rate definition
✓ Grain duration change
✓ Initial grain position & duration.
After first design iterations ready for in-vehicle testing

Complete and flexible Same tool for interior enhancement and exterior AVAS
active sound design Control sound synthesis with dynamic vehicle parameters
toolset Rich & Lively sounds by combining different methods
In-vehicle sound
tuning process
Sound Quality
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations


active sound design
toolset
In-vehicle sound
tuning process
Sound Quality
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations

What sounds good in the studio must be validated
In-vehicle validation process
In-Vehicle unit
Speakers In-vehicle tuning
Vehicle
CAN bus
Speakers

In-vehicle tuning
Creating and tuning sounds with Granular synthesis
✓Filtering in function of speed and torque ✓Torque layer adjustments

✓Shepard layer modification ✓High-pass filter in torque layer
✓Constant drive gain ✓Grain duration change
Final designed sound ready for industrialization

After in-vehicle tuning
Leave the in-vehicle unit in the vehicle for final validation
In-Vehicle unit
Speakers
Vehicle
CAN bus
Speakers

Application case: ICE vehicle
From 3-cylinder to 8-cylinder
2 different
signatures are
assessed in vehicle
Possibility to tune
the parameters
inside the vehicle
Recorded as
operational data
with a headset,
SCADAS XS and
Testlab Neo
Application Example: Electric Vehicle
Original – combustion sound – granular synthesis sound
Original EV
sound is very
silent
Make it sounds
like an ICE
using order
synthesis
Use granular
synthesis for a
more complex
sound

In-vehicle sound Complemented with HW to validate and fine-tune in-vehicle

design for an optimal Speeds up sound design by real-time parameter tuning
tuning process Ready to transfer for mass production vehicles
Sound Quality
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations


active sound design
toolset
In-vehicle sound MEASURE

tuning process
Sound Quality OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS SUBJECTIVE ANALYSIS

Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations
throughout regulation INCREASE OF SOUND QUALITY

How to measure the ASD results?
Binaural recordings
Measure audio in combination

Requires artificial head or a with other vehicle signals (CAN-
binaural headset Acquisition BUS, Engine speed, GPS, etc.)
Audio Replay
Real-time stereo audio replay

Sound Quality Analysis
Efficient Audio-replay and filtering
Sound Quality
evaluation of
Active Sound
Design
High-level audio
replay and
filtering
Efficient “what-if”
analysis

Jury Testing
Use sounds Support for A/B

measured with comparison, Semantic
Testlab or Differential and Category
imported from Judgement with statistical
an external questions and reference
source answers
Connect to an Improve result quality

unlimited number with automatic checks
of Jurors and on concordance and
watch their consistency
answers in real 1-click export to Excel
time to further analysis

Sound Quality Analysis
Jury testing for active sound design evaluation
Subjective
evaluation of
Active Sound
Design
Easy platform to
design the
correct test
Powerful analysis
tools to
understand the
results


Sound Quality High quality audio acquisition and replay

evaluation of Active Linking Active Sound Design with acoustics evaluations
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations


active sound design
toolset
In-vehicle sound
tuning process
Sound Quality
Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations

Specific AVAS challenges
Creating AVAS sounds Identify right AVAS Ensure compliance

that resonate the right speaker locations with regulation
brand values
PROTECT BRAND SMARTER ENSURE

REPUTATION DECISIONS COMPLIANCE

AVAS design starts with compliance in mind
Any great AVAS sound needs to comply to standards ECE R138

2 main standards: Europe ECE R138, US FMVSS 141
Operational conditions
• ECE R138: 10 kph, 20 kph, 6 kph reverse
• FMVSS141: in addition: 0kph, reverse
Processing
• Minimum noise levels per octave band
• Pitch shift
• Volume change
→OK – 66.55dB(A) > 50|56 dB(A)

→OK: all bands, focus on 315Hz + 1000Hz
→OK
315Hz: 55.97dB(A) > 44|49 dB(A)
1000Hz: 56.27dB(A) > 46|51 dB(A)
The minimum noise standard in details
Exploring sounds to see if they will meet
Criteria UN/ECE R138 US FMVSS141

Test location Outdoor & indoor Outdoor only
Operational conditions In motion or Simulated In motion
10 km/h (US: 11 km/h +/-1) 50 dB(A) -
20 km/h (US: 21 km/h +/-1) 56 dB(A) -
(US: 31 km/h +/-1) - -
Reverse 6 km/h or 0 km/h (US: 0 km/h) 47 dB(A) -
Maximum overall level 75 dB(A) -
1/3 Octaves minimum Stationary test (0 km/h – brake) - 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 44 dB(A)
levels
Directivity (center mic) 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 44 dB(A)
10 km/h (US: 11+/-1) 2 bands, 1 below 1600Hz 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 51 dB(A)
20 km/h (US: 21+/-1) 2 bands, 1 below 1600Hz 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 57 dB(A)
(US: 31+/-1) - 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 62 dB(A)
US: Reverse 0 km/h (brake) - 2- or 4-band, 2-bandsum > 48 dB(A)
Frequency Shift 5 – 10 – 15 – 20 km/h 0.8% increase each km/h -
Volume Change 0-11 km/h, 11-21 km/h, 21-31 km/h - >3dB each 10km/h
AVAS Sound Design
Designing AVAS Sound with granular synthesis
AVAS Sound Design
Designing AVAS Sound with granular synthesis
Save different
AVAS sounds for
evaluation
AVAS sound
design with
granular
synthesis
Listen to your
sound in the
typical speeds

Frontload AVAS compliance
Measure Transfer functions
Mic_cent Transfer functions:

• From Voltage output of the AMP for the Speaker
TF_cent
2m
• To the pressure response at the PBN
Pa/V Front microphones
AVAS speaker vehicle
Pressure
2m 2m PP’ ECE R138
Mic_left Mic_right
TF_FR • left & right microphone, at 2m from CC’
TF_FL Voltage
Pa/V Pa/V
AMP FMVSS141
• additional center microphone, on CC’ line, at 2m
distance
• center microphone only used for stationary
directivity test
TF_RL TF_RR
Pa/V Pa/V Reverse
• For reverse testing the vehicle is repositioned
CC’’ Rear with the rear at PP’ line
vehicle

Evaluate PBN prediction with transfer functions
Transfer functions:
• From Voltage output of the AMP → Speaker
• To the pressure response at the PBN microphones
The AVAS.CHECK
• predicts the sound at the PBN mics
• evaluates if the criteria of R138, FMVSS141, GB/T 37153
+ Japanese standards are met.

Record the
sounds in the
required speed
Use of transfer
functions for
correct AVAS
evaluation
Evaluate the
AVAS sound
against different
regulations

AVAS real-time tuning
In-vehicle validation process
AVAS
Vehicle
CAN bus

Specific AVAS challenges
Creating AVAS sounds Identify right AVAS Ensure compliance

that resonate the right speaker locations with regulation
brand values
PROTECT BRAND SMARTER ENSURE

REPUTATION DECISIONS COMPLIANCE
Frontload compliance
Optimize through Simulation
&
Granular synthesis &
Execute homologation test
Test Prototype iterations
on final design



Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations Frontload AVAS compliance by validating it against multiple

throughout regulation minimum noise standards during design phase



Sound Designs
AVAS evaluations Frontload AVAS compliance by validating it against multiple

throughout regulation minimum noise standards during design phase

From design to implementation…
Simcenter Sound Design is ready to support you!

Thank you
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2020

2020 09 17 - Masterclass On EV NVH - SoundDesign

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Active Sound Design for Automotive

EV/HEV NVH Engineering Webinar

Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2020 Where today meets tomorrow

BECAUSE YOU MUST BECAUSE YOU CAN

ENSURE PROTECT BRAND STRIVE UNIQUE REDUCE

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Complete and flexible

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Complete and flexible

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

warning Interaction? emotion

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Overcoming monotonic pitch

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Standard Sporty Race

• Generate a sound that is

+ randomization to make sound real and

Traditional Approach Sky is the limit

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Manually enter parameters Use Driver profiles

✓Fast & Easy ✓Easier for comparison during 3. Measure

✓ Initial sample sound combined

After first design iterations ready for in-vehicle testing

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Complete and flexible

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

✓Filtering in function of speed and torque ✓Torque layer adjustments

Final designed sound ready for industrialization

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

In-vehicle sound Complemented with HW to validate and fine-tune in-vehicle

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Complete and flexible

In-vehicle sound MEASURE

Sound Quality OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS SUBJECTIVE ANALYSIS

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Measure audio in combination

Real-time stereo audio replay

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Use sounds Support for A/B

Connect to an Improve result quality

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

In-vehicle sound Complemented with HW to validate and fine-tune in-vehicle

Sound Quality High quality audio acquisition and replay

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Complete and flexible

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Creating AVAS sounds Identify right AVAS Ensure compliance

PROTECT BRAND SMARTER ENSURE

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Any great AVAS sound needs to comply to standards ECE R138

→OK – 66.55dB(A) > 50|56 dB(A)

Criteria UN/ECE R138 US FMVSS141

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Mic_cent Transfer functions:

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020

Unrestricted © Siemens 2020