IDEAL GAS VS.

REAL GAS

EXPERIMENT REPORT

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

Submitted to Fulfill the Assignment of Physical Chemistry

Lecturer: Rika Rafikah Agustin, S.Pd, M.Pd

Arranged by
Group 4
Ilfa Qurota Aini (1903556)

Humaira Nabila (1903967)

M. Abiy Farras (1908539)

Rahma Hanifa (1905380)

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM ON SCIENCE EDUCATION

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE ECUCATION
UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
2020
A. Date

September 24, 2020

B. Objective

To observe the different between ideal gas and real gas when they
get the same treatment.
C. Theoritical Background

An ideal gas is defined as a gas that obeys gas laws at all condition of
pressure and temperature. Ideal gas usually assumed as the gas particle does not
have any volume or neglible volume, does not have sized, and does not have
intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion) with other particle. The gas particle
also move randomly in agreement with Newton’s law of motion. The equation for
ideal gas’s law is

𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇
n = number of moles
R = universal gas constant = 8.3145 J/mol K
N = number of molecules
NA = Avogadro's number = 6.0221 x 1023 /mol
In other hand, a real gas does not behave as predicted by ideal gas’s law
because it is not obey gas law at all condition. Real gas have define volume and
intermolecular attraction force.
Charles’s law describe a gas expand as a temperature is increases and a
decrease in temperature will lead to a decrease volume. For comparing the
substance under two different sets of condition, the law can be written as
𝑉1 𝑉2
=
𝑇1 𝑇2
Basically, any two distict molecules will experience force of attraction
and repulsion between each other. The condensation point is the strength of
intermolecular forces between the molecules in gas. The condensation point of
helium is 4 kelvin, the condensation point of nitrogen is 77 kelvin, the
condensation point of oxygen is 90 kelvin, and the condensation point of the air
is 80 kelvin.
D. Apparatuses and Materials

a. Materials

1. Helium gas

2. Oxygen

3. Nitrogen liquid

4. 2 pcs of balloons

b. Apparatuses

1. Pan / container

2. Crucible Tongs

E. Procedures

a. Experiment 1
 b. Experiment 2

F. Observation
a. Experiment 1
When the balloon filled with air placed in the liquid nitrogen and we push the
balloon, the volume of the balloon will decrease until it seens like nothing any gas
inside. But, when the balloon is removed from the liquid nitrogen, the balloon would
slowly expand to its original volume.

b. Experiment 2
When the balloon filled with helium placed in the liquid nitrogen and it pushed
in, the balloon is shrinking a little bit, even after the balloon is poured by liquid
nitrogen. And when the baloon is removed from the liquid nitrogen, the balloon would
expand to its original volume.

G. Data Analysis

𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇
Assumed that the Pressure (P), amount of the gases or mol (n) and gas constant (R)
are consrant. The temperature of the room (T1) is 298 kelvin and the temperature of the
liquid nitrogen is 77 kelvin. The final volume of the balloon can be calculate by using
Charles’s law formula :
 𝑉1 𝑉2
=
𝑇1 𝑇2
𝑉1. 𝑇2
𝑉2 =
𝑇1
77. 1
𝑉2 =
300
𝑉2 = 0,26
So the final volume should be 0,26 times or about ¼ times from the initial
volume. This calculation based on ideal gas equation.
H. Discussion
For the first experiment, the balloon filled with air, the balloon shringked into limit
and it’s smaller than ¼ of normal size. It happen because the temperature of nitrogen it
less than the condention point of oxygen.The condention point of oxygen is 90 K but the
temperature of nitrogen is 77 k.
For the second experiment, the balloon filled with helium, because the temperature
of nitrogen is less then the condention point of helium. The condention point of helium
is 4 K meanwhile the temperature of the nitrogen is 77 K. It’s also related to the air that
filled the baloon, because the equation is for ideal gas and the air or helium does not
behave as the ideal gas (Charles’s law) so the final volume of the baloon not same as the
calculation. All experiment result is in line with theory of the real gas and ideal gas.
I. Conclusion
Every gas has different characteristic also at what temperature it can be ideal gas.
The temperature can really effect the real gas, and less then the ideal gas.
J. Reference
Tenny K.M, Cooper J.S. (2020) Ideal gas behavior, NCBI Bookshelf. Retrieved at
:/www.ncbi.nlm.nlh.gov/books/NBK441936/#_NBK441436_pubdet_ .

Accesed at : September , 24, 2020

Tommy Technetium (2015) Ideal vs Real gases : cooling baloon with Helium and air

In Liquid Nitrogen. Available at https;//youtu.be /4dOFA8ylmtO

(Accesed; 24 September 2020)

Wong.L 2020. Accesed online at https:/youtu.be/ MNL7VG80GC. (Accessed at 24

September 2020)