CE 100 : CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING

LECTURE -2

➢ Use of Drawing Instruments

➢ Drawing of Plane and Curved Geometric Figures
To draw vertical lines
 How to draw a perpendicular line on any line ?????

Place two triangles on the drawing page

Draw a line AB
in the following manner
Move the triangle so the “XY” side of the triangle flashes with AB
Line Types used in Drawing

Main object lines, boundaries, visible edge etc.

Dimension lines, extension lines, section lines,

lettering and border lines etc.

Hidden objects

Center lines
Line Types used in Drawing

Dimension and extension lines

Leader lines

Long break lines

Short break lines or irregular boundary lines

Line Types used in Drawing

Section line – for cutting plane

Phantom line – movable objects

Draw a line AB Draw an arc of radius AB with its center
at “A”
Do the same from “B”. The 2nd arc will cut the 1st arc at two points C & D
 Draw a line AC from A

Divide line AC into segments

as needed
 Add B & C

Draw lines parallel to BC

from line AC on line AB
Draw an arc from A, that will intersect
AB & AC at E & F respectively
From E & F draw two arcs of
radius equal to EF Connect A and O
Take any three points A, B & C
on the arc Draw lines – AB & BC
Draw perpendicular Draw another perpendicular
bisector of line AB bisector of line BC
Regular Polygons
 GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION

To construct a regular polygon- the length of its side is given:

a) Inscribe Circle Method

b) Arc Method
Exercise- 1: Draw a regular Heptagon, length of one side is
given using a) inscribe circle method and b ) arc method

Draw a line of length AB

With A as centre and radius

AB, draw a semicircle.
With the protector, divide the semicircle into the n
number of sides.
Draw a line joining A with the second division-point 2
a) Inscribe Circle Method
Draw perpendicular bisector of line AB and A2.
Two bisectors intersects at O
Draw a circle with centre O and radius OA.
Connect A3, A4, A5 & A6 and extend. The lines will intersect the
circle at F, E, D, & C respectively
Connect 2F, FE,ED, DC and BC

REGULAR HEPTAGON
b) Arc Method

Draw a line joining A with the second division-point 2

Connect A3, A4, A5 & A6 and extend the lines outward.
With centre at 2 and radius A2 draw an arc which cut the line A3 at F.
Repeat this to get other points E, D & C along A4, A5 & A6
respectively.
Connect consecutive points to draw the Heptagon

REGULAR HEPTAGON
 Special Method of Drawing Regular Polygons

Exercise-2: Draw a PENTAGON – length of one side is given.

(5-Circle Method)
➢For a line AB draw two
circles of radius equal to AB
- one with center A and
passing through B, the other
with center B and passing
through A.

➢Mark the intersection points

N and Q of the two circles.
➢With the center Q and
the same radius draw
circle.

➢ This circle intersects

circle-1 and 2 at S & R
respectively.

➢Mark point P where

Circle-3 crosses line NQ
➢Connecting line of RP will
intersect circle1 at C

➢ Connecting line of SP
will intersect circle2 at E
➢From point E & C draw
two arcs of radius AB.

➢ Two arc will intersect at

D above N
REGULAR PENTAGON
 Special Method of Drawing Regular Polygons

Exercise-3: Draw a HEXAGON – length of one side is given .

(3-Circle Method)

• Draw two arc from A

and B with radius of AB.

• Two arc intersects at O.

• Draw a circle with
center at O and radius
of OA/OB.
• Draw two perpendicular
on line AB from A and B.
OR
REGULAR HEXAGON
SPECIAL METHODS FOR DRAWING REGULAR POLYGONS:

Exercise-4: Draw a HEXAGON – length of the diagonal is given.

(3-Circle Method)
REGULAR HEXAGON
SPECIAL METHODS FOR DRAWING REGULAR POLYGONS:

Exercise-4: Draw a HEXAGON – length of the diagonal is given.

(Alternate method- By the aid of Set-squares)
REGULAR HEXAGON
SPECIAL METHODS FOR DRAWING REGULAR POLYGONS:

Exercise-5: Draw a OCTAGON – length of one side is given.

REGULAR OCTAGON