Princess Jovelyn C.

Gutierrez
BSN2Y1-1B
Activity #10
Witness Credibility on Controversies

Answer the following questions in at least 3 sentences. 5 points each item.

1. Based on the account of Gen. Santiago Alvarez, where does he think the first cry for freedom
was held?
 He asserted that the first cry did happen in Bahay Toro in Quezon City on August 24, 1896.The
start of the revolution against Spain has been officially commemorated in recent years as “The
Cry of Pugad Lawin.” The supposed site of “Pugad Lawin” is situated in , Quezon City, and is
memorialized with a tableau of life-sized, oddly rigid Katipuneros tearing their cedulas. Where it
is stated that, “There were about 1,000 Katipuneros . . . . The “Supremo” decided to hold a
meeting inside the big barn”

2. Is Gregoria de Jesus' testimony reliable? Justify your answer.

 Gregoria de Jesus' testimony is reliable. This is simply because initially, she was a primay source
and Gregoria de Jesus played a major and one of the most important roles in the Philippine
Revolution . She was the custodian of the secret documents, seal, and some weapons of the
Katipunan, and constantly risked her life in safeguarding them. Also she is the wife of the
supremo and is called “Lakambini of the Katipunan”.

3. On the part of the Guardia Civil, can we consider his account? Why or why not?
 On part of the Guardia Civil, we can consider his account because he is a primary source and
Captain Olegario Diaz is the Spanish commander of the Guardia Civil Veterana of Manila and in
his report, the findings on the site and date of the first rally of the Revolution were included .
That the first “Cry” occurred at Balintawak on August 25, 1896. He is also the one who
investigates the discovery of Katipunan.

4. Who is Guillermo Masangkay? Was he even there during the first cry?
 GUILLERMO R. MASANGKAY (1867-1963) was one of them, a friend and adviser of Andres
Bonifacio, a bosom friend who joined that underground society when he was only 17.He was
born on June 25, 1867 in Meisic, Tondo, Manila. His parents were Domingo Masangkay of
Batangas and Victoria Rafael of Tanza, Cavite. He was the youngest of four children. after
Bonifacio’s intense and convincing speech, everyone destroyed their cedulas to symbolize their
defiance towards Spain and, together, raised the cry of “Revolt.” Masangkay was with Bonifacio
in April 1896 at the Bernardo Carpio Cave on Mt. Tapusi, San Mateo, Rizal. It was the site
originally chosen for the start of the uprising, not Balintawak.

5. What is it with Pio Valenzuela that makes him difficult to believe in with this issue.’
 If we are to believe Masangkay, Dr. Valenzuela would be the only doctor participating in the cry.
However, it seems that his statements are not consistent. His first statement mentions a
"Katipunan meeting" happening between August 23 and 25 at Balintawak. His second
statement, made some 15 years later, mentions the cry to happen at the house of Apolonio
Samson in Kangkong, south of Balintawak, on August 23. . While Valenzuela seems to be firm on
the date, August 23, he is apparently uncertain on where the cry actually occurred. As it is,
Valenzuela is not known for having impeccable memory.