Chapter 2: Male Reproductive Organs

A. Internal Male Reproductive Organs

Testicles (Testes) Take note:

- pair of organs located in the hollow sac of
the scrotum outside the abdominal cavity.
- Each testis is made of approximately 240
meters of tubules where immature sperm
cells divide and differentiate to become
spermatozoa, process spermatogenesis
- Inside testes: seminiferous tubule – sperm
continue to divide, increase their number
- Main source of testosterone
- Pelvic bone – sikip
 Spermatogenesis
- 74 days, occurs in testes sa
seminiferous tubule
- 3 months travel time from
seminifer. to the duct for
ejaculation
 Ejaculation
- 2-5ml of semen (40-300M sperms)
- process of releasing
- Spermatocyte
“primary, will undergo mitotic division
(multiply in numbers), chromosome
number 2n (23x2 = 46) ma gwa sa testes
thru muscular contraction, ma agi sa
epididymis then undergo meiotic division –
1 primary spermatocyte will divide to 2
secondary = (meiosis) reduction into
haploid (23) then primary to secondary
spermatocyte is aka, 1 primary
spermatocyte ( 2 spermatocytes), 1 primary
spermatocyte ma give lang sa 1 , mag abot
sa tail mature na, ma pass sa vas deferens =,
ma mix ang secreton sang seminal vesicle =
sugar (fructose) will provide energy to
sperm cells as it travels out of the body
followed by prostate gland – has alkaline
secretion , e buffer ya sa acidity, dalom
prostate – bulbo urethral or cowpers gland
(produce whitish fluid, to lubricate urethra
para ang travel sang sperm from
epididymis, ma diretso2 asta pa gwa)
2 spermatids from 1 2nd secondary spermatosis
4 spermatids will differentiate = 1 spermatozoa or
sperm cells, 1 primary spermato. = 4 spermatids
Muscular contraction of smooth muscle (cilia sa
vagina)
Vasectomy – cutting of vas deferens (Tubal ligation
sa female)
Circumcision - prepuse of glands penis is being
removed
Increase in the blood flow = brings about erection,
cant ejaculate if no erection
Erectile dysfunction – can’t ejaculate
Impotency causes – drugs, alchohol, agin
Maturation – spermatogenesis
Epididymis
- series of tubules (seminiferous tubules)
where sperms continue to mature, stored
and acquire motility
Sperm duct (vas deferens)
- Carries the sperm from the testes to the
urethra in the penis.
- During ejaculation, the smooth muscle of
the walls of the vas deferens contract,
propelling sperm forward. In its way, it
collects secretions from accessory glands
producing semen.
Ejaculatory Ducts
- small muscular ducts that carry that
spermatozoa and the seminal fluid to the
urethra
- connects the ducts of the seminal vesicle
and the vas deferens
 Chapter 2: Male Reproductive Organs

1) Urethra
- a tube that connects the urinary
bladder to the outside
- the passageway of both the semen
and urine
Semen - is a whitish fluid made up of
mature sperms and secretions from
accessory glands
Sperms Journey
Testes > epididymis > vas deferens > urethra
Contraction of the smooth muscle of the vas
deferens that propels the sperm forward
Accessory Glands
1) Prostate gland
- It surrounds the upper portion of
the urethra.
- contracts during ejaculation and
secretes a fluid which makes up
around 30% of the volume of
semen
- Has secretion, protective fluid
protecting the sperm
2) Seminal vesicles
- produce fructose to nourish the
sperm and provides energy to the
sperm to swim up to the uterus for
72 hours.
3) Cowper’s gland/bulbourethreal
- neutralize harmful acids ( alkaline
substance)
- produce a clear, slippery fluid that
serves to lubricate the urethra
B. External Male Reproductive organs
Scrotum
- thin-walled muscular pouch of skin located
between the upper part of the thigh and
behind the penis
- tightens during cold temperature and
ejaculation
- Climate regulator for penis > regulate sang
temp, indi hanging para ma maintain ang
temp. para sa testes nga naga produce sang
egg para ndi ma affect ang sperm
production
- Why it tightens? – kay kun e contract ang
muscle sa cold temp, hot temp – luyluy
- Ngaa ga kusog – may cremator muscle naga
contract and dilate to allow the temp to be
regulated, normal temp: 2 degrees lower
than the body temp.
Penis
- the primary male external sex organ.
- contains a spongy tissue (corpus
spangiosum) whose vessels become
engorged with blood during sexual arousal.
- allows the passageway of urine
- The head of the penis is called glans, which
is covered with pink, moist tissue (mucosa).
- Circumcision – removal of foreskin
- Impotent – erectile disfunction
Prepuce/foreskin
- covers the glans penis