Alg 2B Chapter 10 Review for the Test Name: _____________________

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The Fall Dance Committee surveys 20 eleventh and twelfth graders to see what music they would like to hear
at the dance. Identify the population and sample.
a. Population: The 20 students who were surveyed
Sample: All eleventh and twelfth graders at the school
b. Population: All eleventh and twelfth graders at the school
Sample: The 20 students who were surveyed

____ 2. Decide whether the sampling method could result in a biased sample. Explain your reasoning.
The Candlelit-Dinner Candle Store surveys its Monday customers to find out their opinion on a new scented
candle.
a. The sample is probably not biased. It is a random sample.
b. The sample could be biased. The sample does not include customers who shop there on
days other than Monday.

____ 3. Determine which sampling method is most likely to be representative of the opinions of voters in an election
race for governor of a state.
a. Over the course of a week, poll every customer who comes into a car dealership and is
willing to answer questions.
b. Send questionnaires to 500 randomly selected registered members of each of the
recognized political parties in the state.
c. Call 1000 randomly selected registered voters and ask their opinions.
d. Ask viewers of the 11:00 P.M. news on a local television station to register their opinions
on the station's web site.

____ 4. A doctor wants to know what patients think about the new waiting room. The doctor decides to ask a sample
of 25 patients. She chooses the first 25 people who offer an opinion about the waiting room. What type of
sample is this?
a. stratified c. Systematic
b. self-selected d. cluster

____ 5. A store owner wants to know if he sells more sandals or sunglasses during the summer. He records the
number of sales for both products for the entire month of June. What is the data-gathering technique used?
a. experiment c. observational study
b. randomized survey d. voluntary survey
____ 6. A coach wants to know what students think about the new jerseys. The coach asks 10 students picked at
random from each grade. What type of sample is this?
a. stratified c. self-selected
b. systematic d. cluster

____ 7. Determine whether the situation is an example of an experiment or an observational study. Explain.
A researcher asks people how many hours they exercise per week and examines whether this affects the
amount of sleep they get.
a. This is an experiment. The researcher gathers data instead of applying a treatment.
b. This is an observational study. The researcher gathers data instead of applying a treatment.

c. This is an experiment. The researcher is applying a treatment (exercise) instead of simply

gathering data.
d. This is an observational study. The researcher is applying a treatment (exercise) instead of
simply gathering data.

____ 8. In a survey of 1200 teenagers, 48% said they are involved in an extracurricular activity. What is the margin of
error for the survey with a 95% degree of confidence?
a. ±2.8%
b. ±3.3%

c. ±3.9%

d. ±4.2%

____ 9. A survey about favorite Olympic sports reported a margin of error . How many people were surveyed
with a 95% degree of confidence?
a. 400
b. 525
c. 784
d. 816

____ 10. Natasha is testing whether a particular fertilizer causes a plant to grow more flowers. She uses the fertilizer on
a group of 7 plants (treatment group), and also grows a group of 7 plants with no fertilizer (control group).
She then counts the number of flowers each plant produces.
Without fertilizer: 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 7, 3 With fertilizer: 9, 6, 9, 7, 5, 9, 6
What are the medians of the control group and the treatment group?
a. The median of the control group is 7 and the median of the treatment group is 6.
b. The median of the control group is 7.3 and the median of the treatment group is 5.1.
c. The median of the control group is 6 and the median of the treatment group is 7.
d. The median of the control group is 5.1 and the median of the treatment group is 7.3.
____ 11. One car’s fuel economy is 70 mi/gal. The fuel economy for four other cars is 30 mi/gal. Why is this statement
misleading: “The average fuel economy for these five cars is 38 mi/gal.”?
a. The sample size is too small.
b. The sample is biased.
c. The median is equal to the mode.
d. The mean is not a good descriptor for this data set because there is an outlier.

____ 12. The number of pieces of candy in randomly selected jars are 20, 1, 29, 21, 40, 52, 41, 44, 60, 67. Display the
data using a histogram.
a. Pieces of Candy in Jars c. Pieces of Candy in Jars
10 10
9 9
8 8
Frequency

Frequency
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1

1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80

Pieces of candy Pieces of candy

b. Pieces of Candy in Jars d. Pieces of Candy in Jars

10 10
9 9
8 8
Frequency

Frequency

7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1

1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 1–20 21–40 4–-60 61–80

Pieces of candy Pieces of candy

____ 13. Mr. Jordan is going to create a dot plot to display the number of days his first grade students have been absent
from school during the past month. What type of distribution should he expect for his data? Explain.
a. A skewed distribution because the majority of students will likely have few absences.
b. A symmetric distribution because for every student who misses more than the mode
number of days, there will likely be a student who missed the same amount of days fewer
than the mode.
c. A bimodal distribution because there is likely to be a large number of students who missed
very few days and the same number of students who missed many days.
d. A uniform distribution because about the same number of students will miss any given
number of days.
____ 14. The high temperatures in Concord, CA, for October 1–15, 2005, are given below.

Look at the histogram of these data below. What is the error in this histogram?

a. The bar for 74–77 is too short. c. The bar for 82–85 is too tall.
b. The bar for 78–81 is too tall. d. The bar for 86–89 is too short.

____ 15. The number of calls received by a technical support center during 18 randomly selected days is listed. Identify
the outlier, and describe how it affects the mean and the standard deviation.

50 57 77 66 53 72
51 88 82 70 62 64
69 88 98 65 14 68

a. The outlier is 88. The outlier in the data set causes the mean to decrease from about 18.6
to about 13.7 and the standard deviation to increase from about 66.3 to about 69.4.
b. The outlier is 88. The outlier in the data set causes the mean to increase from about 66.3 to
about 69.4 and the standard deviation to decrease from about 18.6 to about 13.7.

c. The outlier is 14. The outlier in the data set causes the mean to decrease from about 69.4
to about 66.3 and the standard deviation to increase from about 13.7 to about 18.6.

d. The outlier is 14. The outlier in the data set causes the mean to decrease from about 18.6
to about 13.7 and the standard deviation to increase from about 66.3 to about 69.4.

____ 16. A supply of hex nuts is produced, and production records indicate a mean mass of 7.8 g with a standard
deviation of 0.3 g. Assuming a normal distribution, estimate the percent of hex nuts with mass less than 7.5 g.
a. 84%
b. 16%
c. 34%
d. 66%
____ 17. Two athletes run several miles each day to train. A random sample of their daily distances is taken. Use a
calculator to find the mean and standard deviation for each athlete. Use your results to make a conclusion
about the data. Round your answers to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.

Distances (miles)
Athlete A 3, 6, 5, 8, 4, 8, 6, 8, 9, 5, 5, 6, 7,
7, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 10, 3, 9
Athlete B 8, 9, 8, 8, 8, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 15, 1,
3, 8, 4, 4, 8, 6, 10, 10, 10

a. Athlete A c. Athlete A

Athlete B Athlete B

The mean for Athlete A is slightly higher
than Athlete B, but the standard deviation
for Athlete A is much higher than Athlete
B; therefore, Athlete A has more
variability.
The mean for Athlete B is slightly higher
than Athlete A, but the standard deviation
for Athlete B is much higher than Athlete
A; therefore, Athlete B has more
variability.

b. Athlete A d. Athlete A

Athlete B Athlete B

The mean for Athlete A is slightly higher
than Athlete B, but the standard deviation
for Athlete A is much higher than Athlete
B; therefore, Athlete A has more
variability.
The mean for Athlete B is slightly higher
than Athlete A, but the standard deviation
for Athlete B is much higher than Athlete
A; therefore, Athlete B has more
variability.

____ 18. Aidan is 68 inches tall. The average height of students in his class is 65 inches with a standard deviation of 3
inches. What is best description for Aidan’s height?

a. He is 1 standard deviation below the mean.

b. He is 1 standard deviation above the mean.
c. He is 2 standard deviations below the mean.
d. He is 2 standard deviations above the mean.
Short Answer

19. Tell whether the survey question may be biased or otherwise introduces bias into the survey. Describe a way
to correct the flaw.

“Would you rather watch an exciting basketball game or a dull baseball game?”

20. The table below shows the final test scores for the two groups.

The psychologist removes the lowest score for each group.

What is the average test score for the control group?

What is the average test score for the treatment group?

The psychologist hopes to find that the treatment increases test scores by 10%. Is the average for the
treatment group 10% higher than the control group?

21. Last year, the personal best high jumps of track athletes in a nearby state were normally distributed with a
mean of and a standard deviation of Draw the normal curve and label it.

A) What is the probability that a randomly selected high jumper has a personal best between 199 and

B) If 1000 Michigan track athletes competed in the high jump, what percent and how many would have a height
of 224 cm?

C) Describe the range that contains 95% of the jumpers’ personal bests.

D) What is the probability that a randomly selected jumper has a personal best over 199?
 22. Twenty thousand students in your state took the ACT test. On the math portion the mean score was 21 and the
standard deviation was 2. You choose a random sample of 40 Madison High School students ACT math
portion results. Use this information to answer the questions below.

A) What percent of students scored at least 19?

B) How many students at Madison scored at most 24? (percent and the number of Madison students)

C) How many students in Michigan scored between 22 - 26? (percent and number of Michigan students)

23. A set of quiz grades for two different classes is given in the table. Use this information for parts A – D.

Part A: Calculate the mean for each class. What does the mean tell you about each class?

Part B: Draw a histogram for each class (give each score their own bar). Describe the shape of each histogram.

Grade Frequency Grade Frequency

Class 1 Shape:

______________________ Class 2 Shape: _________________________

Part C: Which class do you think would be easier for a teacher to teach? Explain why you think so.

Part D: Why should a teacher be cautious about making assumptions based on the mean of a set of quiz grades?
24. Use the following heights: 60, 65, 65, 66, 66, 67, 67, 68, 68, 69, 70

Find the following:

Min Q1 Median Q3 Max

Find the fence posts: Q1 – 1.5(IQR) Q3 + 1.5(IQR)

Are there any outliers? If yes, what?

Draw a box plot.

Describe the shape of the distribution.

25. A survey of 1000 people was conducted with a 95% degree of confidence. The results showed that 72% of those
sampled would vote for candidate A. Find the confidence interval and the margin of error.

26.
Gender\ favorite food Pizza Tacos Spaghetti Total
Boys 12 6 7
Girls 9 6 5
Total

a)What is the joint frequency for boys choosing pizza?

b) What is the joint frequency for girls choosing tacos?

c)What is the marginal frequency for spaghetti?

d) What is the marginal frequency for girls?

e)What is the joint relative frequency for boys choosing spaghetti?

f) What is the joint relative frequency for girls choosing pizza?

g) What is the marginal relative frequency for tacos?

h) What is the marginal relative frequency for boys?

i) What is the conditional relative frequency for girls, given pizza was chosen?

j) What is the conditional relative frequency for tacos, given a boy was chosen?