148 METHODS OF SAMPLlNG AND TESTING 165

Standard M ethods of Testfor

Weight of Coating on Zinc-Coated ( Galvanized) }

Iron or Steel Articles ~

AASHTO DESIGNATION: T65-781

(ASTM DESIGNATION: A90-69 (1978» I
J

l. SCOPE
1.1 These methods of test cover procedures for determining the weight of coating on zinc.
coated (galvanized) iron or steelsheets in coils or cut lengths. zinc-coated (galvanized) wire. and other
;¡jllc.coated (galvanized) articles.

2. PURITY OF REAGENTS

2.1 AlI reagent chemicals shall be oí ACS grade.

GALVANIZEDSHEETS
SPOTTEST METHODS

3. SAMPLING
3.1 Samples for weight-of-coating determintion shall be secured as designated in ASTM A
525 for General Requirements for Delivery of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Iron or Steel Sheets.Coils.
alld Cut Lcn~ths Coated by the Hot-Dip Method.
3.2 Test specimens shall be 2.25:i: 0.01 in. square. or 2.54:i: 0.01 in. in diameter. except for
material narrower than 2.25 in. wide. in which case test specimens shall be of such a length that the
afea of the specimen is equal to 5.06 in.2. The weight of coating in grams on a specimen 2.25in.
square, for example, 5.06 in.2 in afea, is numerically equal to the weight of coating in ouncesper
square foot of sheet. When it is not possibleto securea specimen5.06 in.2 in afea, a smaller sizemar
be used,but it is recommendedthat a specimenof not lessthan 2 in.2be used.
3.3 When it is not possible to securea !ipecimenof measurablearea such as is described in 3.2,
as from corrugated metal. the following formula may be used to cal¡;ulate the weight of coating:

c -w, -W, X GX K
W,
where:
C = weight of coating, oz/ft' of sheet.
W1 = original weight of specimeng,
W, = weight of stripped specimeng.
G = thicknessof stripped sheetin. .and
K = a constant = 655 if G is in in.-

i 3.4 The specimensshall be clean; they shall be washed with solvent naptha or other suitable
¡ solventothen with alcohol. and dried thoroughly.

IExceptfor thicknessof specimens

otherIbansheetor wire,Ibis methodagreeswith ASTM A90-69(1978).
T65 METHOOS OF SAMPLING ANO TESTING 14?

Hydrochloric Acid-Antimony Chloride Method (Standard Method)

NOTE l-Weight of coating on galvanized sheetis expressedin ouncesper square foot of sheetwhich is the sum
of the weights of coating on both surfacesof Ihe sheet. Weights of coating on each surface of the sheetare not n~-
sarily equal. Coating weights on all galvanized articles other than sheetsare expressedin ounces per square foot of
surface.

4. REAGENTS

4.1 Antimony Chloride Solution-Oissolve 20 g of Sb,O, or 32 g of SbCI, in 1000 mI of HCI (sp

gr 1.19).
4.2 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr /./9).

S. PROCEDURE

5.1 Weigh the specimens obtained in accordance with 3.2 or 3.3 to the nearest 0.01 g. After
weighing, immerse each specimen singly in a solution made by adding 5 mI of antimony chloride so-
lution to 100 mI of HCI (sp gr 1.19) and allow to remain therein until the violent evolution of hydro-
gen has ceased and only a few bubbles being evolved. This requires about 15 to 30 s, except in the
case of sherardized coatings, which require a somewhat longer time. The same solution may be used
repeatedly, without further additions of antimony chloride solution, uintil the time required for strip-
ping becomes inconveniently long. The temperature of the stripping solution shall at no time exceed
38 C (100 F) (Note 2). After stripping, wash the specimens by scrubbing them under running water,
clip in hot water, and wipe or blow dry. Again weigh the specimens to the nearest 0.01 g. For speci-
mens secured in accordance with 3.2, the loss of weight in grams represents the weight of coating in
grams, which is numerically equal to the weight of coating in ounces per square foot of sheet when
specimens of 5.06 in} in area are used. For specimens of smaller area apply a suitable correction. For
specimens secured in accordance with 3.3, use the formula given in 3.3 to calculate the weight of
coating. Report results to two decimal places.
NOTE 2-Small amounts ofthe poisonousgas stibine (SbH,) may be evolved during the stripping process.The
test should be perforrned under conditions of adequateventilation. A fume hood is recommendedfor large numbers
of samplesor where Ihe test is to be carried out frequently over extendedperiods of time.

Dilute Hydrochloric Acid Method (Alternative Standard Method)

6. REAGENTS

6.1 Hydrochloric A cid (1+1 )-Mix 50() mi of HCI (sp gr 1.19) with 50() mi of distilled water and
cool to room temperature.

7. PROCEDURE
7.1 Weigh the specinlens obtained in accordance with 3.2 or 3.3 to the nearest 0.01 R. After
\\ei~htillg. immeTSe eaeh speeimen singly in suftieient HCI (1 +1) to cover the specimen and allow to re-
main therein until the violent evolution 01' hydrogen has ceased and only a I"eWbubbles are being
evolved. This reljuires aoout 15 to 30 s. The same solution may be used repeatedly until the time
re4uired ti'r stripping oeeomes inconveniently "'ng. The temperature of the stripping solution shall at
no li",e e\eeed JX C (I(X) F). After stripping. wash the specimens by scrubbing them under running
\valer. clip in hot \valer. and \vipe or olow dry. Aain "eigh the specimens to the nearest 0.01 g. For speci-
mens secured in accordance with 3.2, the loss of weight in grams represents the weight of coating in
ounces per square foot of sheet when specimens of 5.06 in} in area are used. For specimens of smaller
arca, apply a suitable correction. For specimens secured in accordance with 3.3, use the formula given
in 3.3 to calculate the weight of coating. Report results to two decimal places.--
 150 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING T65

GALV ANIZED WIRE

STRIPPING
TEST

8. SAMPLING

8.1 The specimenof galvanized wire may be of any length over 12 in., but preferably about 24
in. Where a continuous length is not available, shorter specimenstotaling over 12 in. but preferably
about 24 in. sha\l be used. Since the density of the steel is known (0.283 lb/in}) it is not necessaryto
usea specific length of specimen.
8.2 The specimensshall be cleaned by washing with solvent naphtha or other suitable solvent,
then rinsed with alcohol and dried thoroughly.

r Hydrochloric Acid-Antimony Chloride Method !StandardMethod)

;!

9. REAGENTS
" 9.1 Antimony Chloride Solution-Oissolve 20 g of Sb2O3or 32 g oí SbCI3in 1000 mI ofHCI
¡, (spgrl.19).
9.2 Hydrochloric Acid ~p gr 1.19).

10. PROCEDURE
i¡
10.1 Weigh the specimensobtained in accordancewith 8.1 to the nearest0.01 g. After weighing,
immerse each specimen in a solution made by adding S mi of antimony chloride solution to 100mI of
HCI (sp gr 1.19),and a\low the specimento remain therein until the violent evolution of hydrogenhas
ceasedand only a few bubblesare beingevolved. Do not immerse more than three specimensat any one
time per 100 mi of solution. The same solution may be used repeatedly, without further additions of
antimony chloride solution, until the time required for stripping becomes inconveniently long. The
temperature of the stripping solution sha\l at no time exceed38 C (100 F). (See Note 2.) After strip-
ping, wash the specimensby scrubbing them under running water, dip in hot water, and wipe or blow '1
dry. Again weigh the specimensto the nearest0.01 g. Determine the diameter of the wire to the near- 1
est0.001 in. by taking the averageof two measurementsat right anglesto eachother. 1
,
11. CALCULATION

11.1 Calculate the weight oí zinc coating as íollows:

C = w, -W, X d X M
W,
where:
CW, = weight ofweight
= original zinc coating in ounces
of specimen per squarefoot of stripped wire suñace.
in gramo,
W, = weight of striPIJedspecirnenin gram..
d = diameter of stnpped wire in in.
M -a constant = 163 ifdis in in.I

I Dilute Hydrochloric Acid Method <AlternateStandard Method)

12. REAGENTS

12,1 Hydrochloric A cid (1+1)-Mix 500 mI ofHCI (spgr 1.19)with 500 mi of distilled water and
cool to room temperature.I

i!

~
T65 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING 151

13. PROCEDURE

13.1 Weigh the specimens obtained in accordance with 8.1 to the nearest 0.01 g. After
wci~hillg. immerse each specimen in sufticicnt HCI (1+1) to cover the specimen and allow lo rcmail1
Ihcrcill until Ihe violenl evolution 01'hydrogen has ceasedand only a t'eWbubblcs arc bcing evolved. Do
1101immersemore than three specimensat any one time per 100 mi of solution. The samesolution may
be usedrepeatedly until the time required for stripping becomesinconveniently long. The temperature
01'the stripping solution shall at no time exceed38C (100 F). After stripping. wash the specimensby
scrubbing them under running water, dip in hot water, and wipe or blow dry. Again weigh the speci-
mens to the nearest0.01 g. Determine the diameter of the wire to the nearest0.001 in. by taking the
averageof two measurementsat right anglesto eachother.

14. CALCULATION

14.1 Calculate the weight of zinc coating as described in Section 11.

GALV ANIZED ARTICLES OTHER THAN SHEET OR WIRE

15. SAMPLING

15.1 Samples for weight determination shall besecured as designatedin the appropriate specifi-
cation (Note 3).
NOTE 3-10 the caseof threadedarticl~. suchas boltsaodscrews,the detem1ioatioo
shallbemade00 a por-
tiooof thearticlethat doesoot iocludeaoythread.
15.2 The specimensshall be cleaned by washing with solvent naphtha or other suitable solvent,
then rinsed with alcohol. and dried thoroughly.

Hydrochloric A cid-,,-Antimony Chloride Method {StandardMethod}

16. REAGENTS

16.1 Antimony Chloride Solution-Dissolve 20 g of Sb,O, or 32 g of SbCl, in 1000mI of HCI (sp

gr 1.19).

17. PROCEDURE

17.1 For specimenswhoseweight is lessthan 125 g. weigh to the nearest0.01 g. For specimens
shoseweight is over 125 g. weigh to the nearest0.1 g. After weighing immerse each specimensingly in
a !iolution made by adding 5 mi of antimony chloride solution to 100 mI of HCl (sp gr 1.19) and allow
lo remain therein until the violent evolution of hydrogen has ceasedand only a few bubbles are being
evolved. This requires about 15to 30 s. except in the case of sherardized coatings, which require a
!iomcwhal longer time. The same solution may be used repeatedly without further additions of
antimony chloride solution until the time required for stripping becomes inconveniently long. The
temperature of the stripping solution shall at no time exceed 38 C (100 F) (Note 1). After stripping,
wash the specimensby scrubbing them under running water, dip in hot water, and wipe or blow dry.
Weigh the specimensagain, to the same accuracyas in the initial weighing.
17.2 Determine the total coated afea of the original specimen to the nearest 0.01 in.2. Alter-
natively, for specimensof uniform thickness of base metal, such as a piece of plate or pipe, determine
the average thickness of the specimento the nearest0.001 in.

18. CALCULA TI0N

18.1 Calculate the weight of zinc coating using the following formula:
c = w ' -w, XN
A
\52 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING T65

\\hcrc:
C = weightof zinccoating.oz/ft' ofsuñace.
W, = original weightofspecimen.g.
W, = weightof strippedspecimen. g.
A = coatedareaof originalspecimen.in.' and
N = a constant= 5.08 if A is in in.'

18.2 If the specimen has a uniform thickness of base metal, the weight of the zinc coating mar
bc ca\culated using the following formula:
c = w, -W. X G XZ
W.
"here:
C = weight of zinc coating, oz/ft' of suñace,
W, = original weight of specimen.g,
W. = weight ofstripped specimen,g. J
G = thicknessof stripped specimen,in. and I
Z = a constant = 328 if Gis in in.,

Dilute Hydrochloric A cid Method [Alternative Standard MethodJ

19. REAGENTS

19.1 Hydrochloric Acid (1+ 1) -Mix 500 mI of HCI (sp gr 1.19) with 500 mi of distilled water
and cool to room temperature.

20. PROCEDURE

20.1 For specimens whose weight is less than 125 g, weigh to the nearest 0.01 g. For specimens
whose weight is ayer 125 g. weigh to the nearest 0.1 g. After weighing immerse each specimen singly in
sufticient HCI (1 + 1) to cover the specimen and allow to remain therein until the violent evolution of
hydrogen has ceased and only a few bubbles are being evolved. This requires about 15 to 30 s. The
,¡amc ,¡olution mar be used repeatedly until the time required for stripping becomes inconveniently
long. The temperature of the stripping solution shall at no time exceed 38C (100 F). After stripping,
wash the ,¡pecimens by scrubbing them under running water, dip in hot water. and wipe or blow dry.
Wcigh the specimens again, to the same accuracy as in the initial weighing.
20.2 Determine the total coated afea of the original specimen to the nearest 0.01 in.2. Alter-
natively, for specimens of uniform thickness of base metal, such as a piece of plate of pipe, determine
the average thickness of the specimen to the nearest 0.00 I in.

21. CALCULATION
21.1 Calculate the weight of zinc coating as described in 18.1 or 18.2.
, ,.,
..,c:

¡(;::.'"."' c

~
T65 METHOOS OF SAMPLING ANO TESTlNG 153

APPENDIX
Al. The tollowing table provides a conversion from coating weight to coating thickness.

TABLE Al
Conversion from Zinc Coating Weight to Coating Thickness
One ounce of zinc coaling (galvanized) per square fool of suñace corres-
ponds lo an average coating Ihickness ofO.0017 in. (An average coaling Ihick-
ness of 1 mil correspondo lo a coaling weighl of 0.59 oz/fl of suñace.)

oz/fl' g/m' Thickne.. Thickness

Suñace Suñace in Mils in Microns

0.00328
0.0232
0.25
O.~O
0.59
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50 '.
2.00 .-'
2.50
3.00

"

,:!![!)(~, .,t'~ c;1r¡-(:¡ri'

-.r101c;i¡h-fj¡r,;,¡ 1\;':'l.ii-
t:;;Jr!,t;)-, .,..,.,
i,;_, j[,. '" 'J ,;, '.;'