“To Give an introduction to

Transocean and our operations in Ghana”

“Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling”

– Explain Conventional drilling
– Explain Managed Pressure Drilling
– Advantages of MPD
– MPD Equipment and Rig Considerations
– MPD risks and control measures
– MPD Rewards
– History / Future of MPD

Close with Questions and Discussion

3
MPD
Definition
“An adaptive drilling process used to precisely
control the annular pressure profile
throughout the wellbore”

International
Association of
Drilling
Contractors

11
Conventional
Surface Eq.
To
Driv
p
e

Shaker

Mud Mud Pit

Pump

12
Conventional Drilling
Drilling fluid pumped down
string Returns back up
annulus to surface

Drilling fluid provides a barrier against

formation pressure
Blow To Prevent influx to the wellbore:
Out
Prevent Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than
or Formation Pressure
BHP = Phyd + Pcirc
BHP ≥ Pf
Formati
13
on
Pressure
Drilling Window
Theoretical Well Profile with
straight lines

Less than
Pore
Pressure =
We Influx to
Greater
Wellborethan
ll Fracture
Dept Fracture
Pressure
h Pressu = Breakdown
Drilli re of formation
Pore
ng
Windo ie Fluid
Pressure
w losses

Pressu 14

re
 While drilling:

Connections BHP = Phyd + Pcirc

Top Drive, Drill pipes When stopping circulation for Connections:

Rotates and racked BHP = Phyd + Pcirc

circulates fluid
through drill
Connectio
stringstring
n
We
ll
Dept
h
Fracture
Pressu
re
Bottom
Hole Pore Pressure
Pressure
Pressu 15
Top of drill string re
Real life well diagram
Narrow
Drilling
Window
Cannot
afford to
We loose the
ll Circulation,
pressure
willfrom
take
Dept
an influx
h Fractu
Cannot
rePressu increase
Pore re mud
breakdensity,
Pressure willdown
formati
Pressu on
re 16
Real life well diagram Narrow
This Drilling
Fau Well is Window
Cannot
lt Un‐ afford to
Narro Drillable! loose the
We Drilling
w
ll Shal pressure
e Window from
Dept
Circulation,
h Fracture
will take
Cannot
Pressu increase
an influx
San
d Pore re mud
breakdensity,
Pressure willdown
formati
Pressu on
re 17
MPD
Can make Previously Un-drillable
wells, Drillable.

Two main reasons:

• Constant Circulation
through connections
• Pressurised fluid system, back pressure applied
at surface to act through entire system

Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole

Pressure throughout entire
section.
18
Advantages of MPD
Surface Back
Pressure
Drilling with
MPD Drill through
Fluid Density
+ Friction Narrow
+ back Drilling
pressure NoWindows
loss in
Bottom Hole
We Pressure
connecti
during
ons
ll
Increased
Dept
visibility of
h unfavourable
Static well
weight: conditions
Greater control of
Fluid down bottom
density
hole pressure19
Pressu
re
 To
MPD
p
Driv
Surface Eq. Constant
circulation
e Mud Gas

separator

Shaker

3 Part Mud Mud Pit

Telescopic Pump
Joint

RCD
(Rotating Circulating
Device) Choke
Surface manifold
Flow Spool
Annular
Top of
Marine Riser
20
MPD
Equipmen
t
Circulating Subs Next
Addition to Drill floor of
stand
Drill
mud manifold pipe

Side entry subs on top

of each drill pipe
stand Che
ck
Valv
Drilling fluid routed es
through Side inlet
hose during Side
inlet
connections hos
e
21
MPD Equipment
Rotating circulating device; RCD

Positioned in Marine riser string Seali

near surface ng Beari
elements ng
drillpi
seal rotates
drillpi
Sealing elements are tight around
pe
against drillpipe with
pe

Elements housed in bearing

which rotates with drillpipe

System is pressurized
below
RCD
Preven
ts
returns
fluid 22

passing
up the
MPD Equipment
Flow Spool, Surface Annular

Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus

through flexible flow lines
RCD

Surfa
ce
annul
ar

Flow
Spool
Flow
• lines
Surface annular in place in case of emergency where
annulus pressure may exceed RCD pressure rating.
Top • Annular can be closed to work on RCD while
of maintaining pressurised system 23
Marin
e
MPD Equipment
Choke ManifoldCoriol
Downstre All returns fluid passes
am fluid is
through Choke Manifold
flow mete
r
Hydraulic chokes are where
surface back pressure
is
applied
Coriolis Mass flow meter

All fluid downstream of

Choke Manifold is
Flowli atmospheric pressure
ne
hose
s
24
Mud Gas Separator, cuttings cleaning
MPD
MG
S
Equipment
If gas is detected in returns fluid,
it is routed through MGS

Gas is vented up to highest

point on rig at tip of derrick

Fluid continues to Shakers

where solids are removed

Everything thereafter is the

same as conventional drilling

25
MPD Equipment
Control and Display system

Chok
Flow Back e
In Pressu positio
Flow re n
Out

26
 MPD equipment in moonpool
Rig Considerations
Non MPD moonpool

Choke
Manifold
Telescopic
Joint RCD
Surface
TAnnular
op of Marine
27
Flow
Riser Spool
Rig Considerations
• Each rig is unique with different designs and equipment
• MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project

28
Rig Considerations
Non standard operation
MPD rig up in moonpool
We introduce new
Operating procedures,
Testing regimes,
Maintenance plans and
Rig up procedures

New to our crews, training

and familiarisation is
essential.

Training helps ensure a

safe and efficient
29
operation
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in
place
No Static flow check Example Signature tests and trends observed

Downhole problems may

be masked by Constant
Circulation and
Surface
Pressure

Controls:
• Signature testing
provides expected
trends
• Close monitoring of
trends carried out by
30
MPD operator
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in Surface Back
Drilling with
place Pressure
• Fluid Density
Loss of back pressure MPD
or circulation
• + Friction
• Well will • + back pressure
go
• underbalance
Influx may be taken
We
ll
Controls: Dept
• Redundancy
h of
circulating equipment
• Two chokes in choke
manifold

Pressu
•Static weight: Fluid density re
Risks of
MPD &
Controls in
Plugging of surface equipment
place Controls:
• Built in redundancy
• Flushing points

4”
Choke 6” lines
6”
Manifol back to
Flowlin
d shakers
18” es
32
Marin
e
 This is
Rewards of MPDEarly Kick Detection
to
Scale People
!!

Asse
ts
Environm
ent

33
MPD History
Rig Name Rig Type Location Customer Year Application Status

Trident 8 Jack Up Cabinda Gulf 2003 PMCD Completed

Sedco 601 Semi Sub Indonesia Santos 2004 PMCD w/ Surface BOP Completed
Sedco 601 Semi Sub Indonesia Santos 2005 - 2006 PMCD w/ Risercap™ Completed
Roger W. Mowell Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2006 - 2007 CBHP Completed
Constellation II Jack Up Egypt BP 2007 CBHP, HPHT Completed

High Island VII Jack Up Gabon Total 2007 CBHP, HPHT Completed
Deepwater Frontier DP Drillship India Reliance 2007 CBHP, Concentric Riser Completed
Actinia Semi Sub India Reliance 2008 CBHP, Concentric Riser Completed
Arctic III Semi Sub Libya ENI 2008 - 2009 ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser Completed
Harvey H. Ward Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2009 CBHP Completed
Shelf Explorer Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2009 CBHP Completed
Trident IX Jack Up Indonesia Pearl 2010 UBD (Low Head Drilling) Completed

Sedco 601 Semi Sub Malaysia Petronas 2010 CBHP Completed

GSF Explorer DP Drillship Indonesia MSEC 2010 - 2011 CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing Ongoing
GSF Rig 135 Semi Sub Nigeria Addax 2011 - 2012 CBHP, HPHT Completed
Actinia Semi Sub Malaysia Petronas 2011 - 2012 PMCD w/Risercap™ Completed
Marianas Semi Sub Ghana ENI 2012 CBHP, HP Completed
HH Ward Jack Up Indonesia Pertamina 2012 PMCD Ongoing

PMC Pressurized Mud Cap HPHT High Pressure and High 34

D Drilling Constant Bottom Temperature UBD Under Balanced
CBH Hole Pressure Drilling
P
MPD Future / CAPM
Constant Annular Pressure Management
• CAPM™ is a Transocean product
• Dual Gradient Drilling- Higher density down hole, lighter fluid in marine riser
• Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection

Bending the
Curve in
Deepwater 35