Unit IG2: Risk assessment

Part 1: Background

Include in here the organisation’s name* and location* and number of workers. You must then go on to give a description of the main
activities/products/services carried out. You must also describe the area to be risk assessed eg, whole site, and anything else that you
consider relevant (approximately 150 to 200 words):

I have chosen SRehan’s Construction a Construction Company which is located at Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai. The business
consists of One Hundred and thirty five (135) employees and has recently adopted the ISO 45001:2018 policy. The business is an
independent construction and engineering company and has been in this industry for just over a decade and specialise in the following
fields/activities: the erection of concrete structures (the building / erecting of concrete structures of different types and sizes), Pipeline
construction (using various materials to construct onshore pipelines), earthworks and roads (constructing new roads, upgrading
existing roads and maintaining same), and mining (crushing and screening). These services are offered to both public and private
clients. The team of One Hundred and thirty five (135) employees work on different projects at different times and according to their
shift/schedule times. Shift times include the day shift staff who work from 08h00 am to 17h00pm and the weekend shift for employees
who work on weekends from 09h00am to 16h00pm. Some of the equipment and tools used include excavators, backhoes, graders and
hand-operated tools such as jackhammers and mixers and scaffolding, and chemical substances (asphalt, bitumen, cement, and paint)
these are just a few to mention.

The Company’s vision is to become the number one contractor of choice and aims to achieve this by providing high quality, innovative,
timeous, safe and cost effective construction. The Company focuses on delivering customer satisfaction on all projects either big or
small. The Company commits to the principle of sustainability through safety and health and environmental implementation on all
projects. The Company has a small risk management team which assists the company in identifying risks within its scope and on site

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projects.

The Company regularly participates in joint ventures and the hiring of sub contractors. Risk assessment – will cover the actual building
site / project area / construction site activities which include erecting building, painting of buildings, and electrical work on a building
site. We will evaluate the health and safety policy within the construction site and its compliance with the HSE standards.
You must now give a brief outline on how you completed the risk assessment (approximately 200 words):

After conducting a field inspection and consultation with labourers, builders and foremen it was noted that many pieces of equipment
were in poor condition and not regularly inspected or maintained. It was further noted that employees in higher and lower ranks were
not given proper skilled training in respect of machine operation, hence causing improper body movements which can be injurious to
health.

I went on to do some research and I have referred to the following, using them as benchmarks for this risk assessment: the ISO
45001:2018 is a management system which provides a framework on how a business can manage and prevent risks. Labour
Standards of the International Labour Organization (ILO) (C115 and C167) which set out the rights of employees both male and
female. The ILO provides for equality, freedom, equity, security and dignity to all within the workplace and Health and Safety Executive
- provided insight on management, as management is responsible for planning and monitoring of environment, health protection and
occupational safety.

During the assessment equipment was inspected, detailed notes were taken and an inventory was created. I have taken into account
previous company financial statistics, accident reports and other relevant information to create a proper record system of the amount of
tools and equipment, to create a new maintenance plan and to ensure safety. It was further investigated that training was not provided
in order to operate these machineries or equipment. It was suggested that training be provided in accordance with ILO standards. A

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 report was compiled and tabled before management. It was further noted that according to Continual Improvement Clause 10.3 of the
ISO 45001:2018 which clearly states the actions a business must take to improve and sustain itself. In order to enhance OH&S
performance a business must provide support and promote the culture of OH&S.
* If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be
factual.

Part 2: Risk Assessment

Organisation name: SRehan’s Construction

Date of assessment: 20 November 2019
Scope of risk assessment: Full and Complete Site Inspection

Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
CATEGORY: Currently there are no To create an inventory for 2 weeks
Builders and other ADMINISTRATIVE
(PHYSICAL) construction workers
maintenance plans in all tools and equipment STAFF
UNMAINTAINED who use hand tools
place.
MECHANICAL
(shovels, spades, Create a regular
EQUIPMENT AND
TOOLS CAUSING drill, and trowel) on a
Builders are instructing maintenance plan to check,
INJURY daily basis could be
labourers who are not fix and maintain any 3 weeks MAINTAINANCE
harmed and injured
trained, untrained equipment or tool which may MANAGER
due to incorrect
workers with improper be in a defective condition.
usage or equipment
tools are performing
failure their jobs incorrectly Employ an onsite mechanic
MECHANICAL
to assist when there are any
HAZARD: THE USAGE
OF SPADES, PICKS, Machine operators Operators are not emergencies 1 week HUMAN
CEMENT who operate big trained and are simply RESOURCES

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
MIXERS,GRADERS, machinery like following general Ensure workers are using
WHEEL BARROWS Graders and instructions. At times PPE, ensure there is a safe
WHICH ARE NOT IN excavators could instructions are not system of work, and ensure Ongoing
WORKING ORDER ON MANAGEMENT
possibly get injured clear. hazards are controlled or
A CONSTRUCTION
SITE OR UNSAFE as they are not eliminated.
EXCAVATION WORK properly trained There is not safe
IS DANGEROUS system of work Ensure suitable steps are
Visitors or any other taken in order to prevent 6 months MANAGING
persons within the Equipment were found any person from being DIRECTOR
vicinity could get in a state not to be buried or trapped
injured if unsafe, used.
faulty equipment is Ensure soil tests are 2 weeks RISK TEAM
laying around. Machinery are not conducted
certified to be operated
Provide for ongoing training 1 month
to uplift and make operators
more skilled and efficient, so
that the job can be
completed on time.

CATEGORY Construction workers There are currently Purchase new tools that are 1 month MANAGING
(PHYSICAL): and machine earplugs available but silent or has a low noise DIRECTOR
NOISE & VIBRATION operators who use are not encouraged level
OF TOOLS AND 1 day
these tools which and used by the
EQUIPMENT SITE MANAGER
release a loud sound employees on project Ensure there are frequent

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
or vibration on a sites. Not wearing breaks
daily basis could be earplugs can cause 3 days ADMINISTRAVITE
harmed and injured. harm to health and Create a shift time table STAFF
HAZARD: THE LOUD
These tools include hearing in general allowing for the rotation of
NOISE AND
VIBRATION OF drills, jack hammers, staff.
DRILLS, GRINDERS grinders and cutters
AND JACK HAMMERS Vibrating equipment 3 days ADMINISTRATIVE
AT A CONTINUOUS causes a sense of Create a shift time table STAFF
PACE CAUSES A Machine operators numbness or tingling allowing for the rotation of
INJURY OF who operate big sensation and in the staff.
DEAFNESS AND 1 week MANAGING
machinery like long term can cause
NUMBNESS DIRECTOR
Graders and prolong pain in the Providing protective wear
excavators could joints and muscle.
possibly get injured There is no prevention Investing in a vibration 1 month MANAGING
policy in place and monitor to monitor the DIRECTOR
Visitors or any other hazards are not amount of vibration
person nearby who controlled.
MANAGING
can hear the sound Purchase new tools that
1 month DIRECTOR
can be disturbed or Those working on vibrate less
have a sudden vibrating equipment are
change of mood not using gloves (PPE Eliminate risks and or
is provided for) provide for substitutions of
materials and resources 3 months MANAGING
DIRECTOR
Create work to suit the

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
skilled individual Ongoing

Create a rotation timetable SITE MANAGER

to allow for breaks and
1 month
reduce the exposure of
weather conditions and
SITE MANAGER
other risks which may arise.

CATEGORY Construction Helmets and headgear Create emergency 2 days MANAGEMENT

(PHYSICAL): workers, Scaffolding are worn by site evacuation and a fall
FALLING FROM foremen, other workers and others protection plan HUMAN
HEIGHTS
employees and who are on height Immediate RESOURCES &
anyone on a building Emergency services contact ADMINISTRATIVE
site including clients Sites are regularly details to be easily available 3 days STAFF
and people passing inspected to ensure Allow only competent and
HAZARD: by could possibly get safety skilled workers who have SITE MANAGER /
INCORRECTLY injure by falling from previous experience in FOREMAN
CONSTRUCTED a height if temporary Risks are not being working on heights Immediately
SCAFFOLDING AND
pathways and avoided and hazards after an ANYONE WHO
THE CREATION OF
TEMPORARY scaffolds are not are not controlled Emergency medical accident WITNESSES THE
WALKWAYS AND safely secured in attention to be contacted ACCIDENT FIRST
PLATFORMS, more serious Prevention policies are immediately Prior to
UNPROTECTED scenarios individuals not in place and work is entering the MANAGEMENT
STAIRWAYS AND could die. not sieved to The process for evaluation building site
SLABS ARE NOT designated skilled of the employees physical
PROPERLY SECURED

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
OR ADEQUATELY individuals and psychological fitness is Immediate
GUARDED, FENCED necessary to work at
OR BARRICADED elevated positions.
AND THIS LEADS TO
FALLING AND
SEVERE INJURY
(CUTS, BRUISES,
FRACTURES, AND
SOMETIMES DEATH)

Employees working
with electric tools,
Electricians andSemi-skilled workers Immediate SITE MANAGER/
anyone else who are using electric tools General public and visitors FOREMAN
CATEGORY comes into contact are to be made aware that
(PHYSICAL): with electricity
Sudden fires caused by they enter a building site at
ELECTRICAL
surges and shocks electrical failure or their own risk 2 days MANAGEMENT
SURGES, SHOCKS
AND SHORT on a building site electrocutions should Make fire extinguishers
CIRCUITS be reported and easily accessible
Visitors or any other addressed immediately
person can trip on 1 month LABOURERS /
cords or get Electrical areas are Ensure regular breaks are CLEANERS
electrocuted/shocked cordoned off and taken under severe heat
properly marked conditions

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
HAZARD Prior to MANAGING
(ELECTRICAL): Risks are not being Ensuring equipment are entering the DIRECTOR
ELECTRICAL avoided or eliminated correctly switched off when building site
SURGES, SHOCKS
cleaning is done
AND SHORT
CIRCUITS ON A There are no MANAGEMENT
BUILDING SITE prevention policies in Provide training to enable Immediately
place to reduce time or more labourers know how to after an
limit exposure operate electric tool accident

General public and visitors

are to be made aware that 3 days
they enter a building site at
their own risk
ANYONE WHO
Emergency medical 1 day WITNESSES THE
attention to be contacted ACCIDENT FIRST
immediately

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
Construction Hardware controls are Under dull weather Immediate SITE MANAGERS
CATEGORY workers, Electricians, not in place conditions lighting is very
(PHYSICAL): SLIP, foremen, other important, so temporary
TRIP & FALL ON
employees and lighting should be provided
BUILDING SITES
anyone on a building Construction boots are for Immediate
site including clients used
and people passing Running cords and tape OPERATORS
by could possibly get This is slip resistant measures along with USING TOOLS
injure by slipping, footwear marking string and pegs 1 month WITH LONG
falling and tripping should be clearly visible at CORDS
HAZARD: WORKERS,
from any Scaffolding are all times to avoid employees
BUILDERS AND ALL
OTHERS ON A obstructions (uneven carefully constructed falling and ensure warning
BUILDING SITE walkways, cords, and temporary walking signs are visible
FALLING DUE TO slippery surfaces pathways are secured LABOURERS /
OBSTRUCTIONS ON etc,) caused on a Walkways and areas where 1 week prior CONSTRUCTION
THE PATHWAYS AND building site. there is more traffic of to start of WORKERS
OR DIM LIGHTING, people need to be clear of project
UNEVEN
obstruction
TEMPORARY
WALKWAYS, AND 1 month LABOURERS /
SLIPPERY SURFACES Employees should address Immediate CONSTRUCTION
CAUSED BY WATER and bring to the attention of WORKERS
AND TRIPS CAUSED the Employer associated
BY MARKING risks identified on site
STRINGS

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
Workers who work Protective wear are not Implement safety controls 1 month MANAGER
hands on in old and being worn correctly
CATEGORY new work during the demolishing Cleaning and clearing of the
(BIOLOGICAL):
environments which process of a building project site to eliminate
MOULD AND FUNGI
ON BUILDINGS AND consist of mould or mould and fungi
ROOFS areas which are Face masks are Invest in pest prevention
damp seldom used
Provide proper sick leave to 1 week LABOURERS
Eliminate the risks prior employees
Other employees to work commencing
including engineers this will reduce time Implement immunization 1 month
HAZARD:
WHEN BUILDERS and foremen. and limit exposure programmes and awareness SITE FOREMAN
AND OTHER of biological hazards HUMAN
WORKERS DEMOLISH The constant use of Engineering controls RESOURCES
AN OLD BUILDING, cement can at a later not in place Ensure cement and other 1 day
SUCH BUILDING stage cause lung raw materials are properly MANAGING
CONSISTS OF MANY infections and skin handled, used and disposed DIRECTOR
PESTS AND INSECTS,
irritations
MOULDS AND FUNGI
WHICH UPON Ensure PPE are used that 2 weeks
INTERACTION there is a safe system of
CAUSES SKIN AND work in place, engineering
LUNG IRRITATION and hardware controls are in
AND INFECTIONS place, substitutions are SITE WORKERS
considered and room for
elimination

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)

CATEGORY All Workers on a Air conditioners are Bacteria and viruses can Immediate ALL INDIVIDUALS
(BIOLOGICAL): building site and provided for spread easily from one WITHIN THE
AIRBOURN those with flu viruses person to another, WORKPLACE
PATHOGENS
who interact with employees are advised to
each other There is proper maintain personal hygiene at
ventilation all times
HAZARD: And other people
BUILDING SITES ARE within the workplace At the office floors and On site employees can use
NOT PHYSICALLY surfaces are cleaned protective wear including 1 week EMPLOYEES
CLEAN daily masks, gloves and goggles
ENVIRONMENTS AND
to protect themselves from
SUCH
ENVIRONMENTS ARE Disposable masks are fungi, bacteria and virus
SUBJECT TO provided for ALL INDIVIDUALS
VIRUSES AND Encourage hand sanitization 1 week WITHIN THE
BACTERIA GROWING Risks are not being WORKPLCE
AND SPREADING. avoided or eliminated
There are no Implement programmes and
1 month MANAGING
prevention policies in awareness on health and
UNHYGIENIC STAFF DIRECTOR
AND INTERACTION place to reduce time or safety at the workplace
AMONGST THEM limit exposure

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)

CATEGORY Site workers who are Site workers can use Provide sufficient training to 1 month MANAGING
(PSYCHOLOGICAL): unable to cope with equipment incorrectly ensure that work is carried DIRECTOR
BODY STRESSING work pressure and and thus causing out correctly and efficiently
deadlines. strenuous body
Modify work practices 3 weeks FOREMAN / SITE
HAZARD: movements and other MANAGER
CONSTRUCTION Site workers who do involuntary movements
WORKERS USING not understand how
UNMAINTAINED to use new Improper continuous Consulting and discussing 2 weeks FOREMAN / SITE
TOOLS CAUSING equipment and tools body movements can with workers the hazards of MANAGER
THEM TO USE MORE will use them cause musculoskeletal body stressing symptoms
FORCE AND
incorrectly thus disorders
PRESSURE IN
COMPLETING THEIR causing involuntary Provide any specialised 3 weeks MANAGEMENT
WORK. THE body movements Hazardous manual equipment to assist the
CONTINUOUS which can cause tasks causes strains, worker and reduce the risk
IMPROPER strain and tension sprains, joint pains, soft of such hazards
MOVEMENTS tissue damage and
CAUSES HURT (PAIN, bone degeneration
SPASMS) AND LONG
TERM INJURY Ensure workers get medical Immediate FOREMAN / SITE
(TISSUE DAMAGE attention directly after an MANAGER /
AND BONE accident MANAGEMENT
DEGENERATION)

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)

CATEGORY All employees, Site Higher demands and Delegate work equally 2 weeks SITE MANAGER
(PSYCOLOGICAL): workers and higher responsibilities
WORK RELATED Managers who are on workers on the
MENTAL STRESS unable to cope with Provide clear instructions
building site or on a
work pressure and and foreman to be available
deadlines. project on site and should conduct 1 week MANAGEMENT
frequent job inspections
Group task conflict
occurs when there is Identify areas which causes
HAZARD: WORK ambiguity and not clear stress and provide for
PRESSURE, instructions counselling for workers and
DEADLINES, WORK promote a mentally healthy
RELATED STRESS workplace 3 weeks SITE MANAGER /
Worker are working
AND CONFLICT environment/culture FOREMAN
AMONGST WORKERS long hours and are
CAUSING A FATIGUE, exhausted leading to Improve work environments
DEPRESSION AND poor health both and ensure hygiene
MENTAL physical and mental 2 weeks MANAGEMENT
EXHAUSTION fatigue Ensure PPE are used that
Onsite workers are there is a safe system of
more susceptible to get work in place, engineering
absent due to fatigue and hardware controls are in
and mental stress place, substitutions are
either personal or work considered and room for

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
related elimination

Risks are not being

avoided or eliminated

There are no
prevention policies in
place to reduce time or
limit exposure

Hardware controls are

not in place

CATEGORY Workers who mix Cement is mixed on Ensuring workers use masks Immediate SITE MANAGER
(CHEMICAL): and use cement on open ground
INHALATION OF DUST daily basis can be at Create awareness about the
AND CEMENT AND
risk as when cement effects of harmful Immediate
TAR ROADS MANAGEMENT
bags are opened substances
small powder form Workers who interact Invest in concrete mixers so
particles fly into the with cement do not use that cement can be fed
air and is inhaled masks directly into the mixing
resulting in chest container instead of flying
infections. into the air
HAZARD: THE
CONTINUOUS Tar roads uses a Risks are not being Provide proper training on 3 weeks MANAGEMENT

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
INHALATION OF special type of avoided or eliminated how to handle asphalt,
CEMENT AND OTHER substance asphalt bitumen and tar.
PRODUCTS LIKE and bitumen which is There are no
PAINT, TURPENTINE, MANAGEMENT
a semi-solid form of prevention policies in Purchase eco-friendly 3 months
ASPHALT AND
BITUMEN CAUSE petroleum and can place to reduce time or cement
COUGHS, LUNG be inhaled and can limit exposure
INFECTIONS AND cause asthma or Ensure PPE are used that
SKIN IRRITATION prolonged coughs Hardware controls are there is a safe system of
not in place work in place, engineering
and hardware controls are in
place, substitutions are
considered and room for
elimination

Painters and workers Painters are using Proper PPE needs to be 2 weeks MANAGEMENT
CATEGORY dealing with paint and other painting provided for to ensure
(CHEMICAL):
preparation of walls materials without efficiency of the project
PAINTING OF
BUILDINGS AND and other surfaces proper (PPE) Personal
ROOFS can be harmed if Protective Equipment.
they inhale paint,
turpentine, or any When painters are Provide supervision to 2 weeks and 1 WEEK
other chemical preparing a wall or ensure that paint and other ongoing
substance while surface they do so materials are not wasted
HAZARD: THE
working, excessive without supervision
CONTINUOUS
INHALATION OF inhalation can cause, hence the wastage of

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
TURPENTINE, AND chest infections, paint Purchasing of eco-friendly
PAINT CAUSE asthma and other paint and materials
COUGHS, LUNG lung infections, also Paint brushes and
INFECTIONS AND 3 weeks IMMEDIATE
it can affect the eyes trays are not cleaned Ensure painters clean and
SKIN IRRITATION
and mucus glands correctly thus not store their equipment and
enabling reuse of same brushes in a kept manner to
ensure reuse.

CATEGORY Builders and other Builders and other Buy new tools; maintain Immediate MANAGEMENT
(ERGONOMIC): construction workers construction workers existing tools on a regular
FREQUENT LIFTING who load and off are using tools which basis.
OF HEAVY OBJECTS
load brick, blocks, are not properly
cement bags and maintained which can Provide supervision and 3 months SITE
other heavy building cause effective force training SUPERVISOR /
materials can get and pressure on doing FOREMAN
hurt or injured if they a task and resulting in
HAZARD: BUILDERS constantly pick and more strength being Invest in mechanical
AND OTHER lift heavy materials used to complete work. assistance example, forklifts 1 month MANAGING
WORKERS
these include Excessive force can and cranes. DIRECTOR
TRANSPORTING
BRICKS AND awkward lifting, grips cause muscle spasms
BLOCKS, LENTILS and postures, and and joint injuries. Use carts, dollies and hoists Ongoing WORKERS
AND OTHER repetitive to move around heavy
CONCRETE OR movements. There is currently no objects
HEAVY OBJECTS BY mechanical assistance
HAND FROM ONE

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
POINT TO ANOTHER to make heavy Use proper PPE and 2 weeks WORKERS
CAUSES SPRAINS, workloads easier. handles when carrying loads
BACK INJURY AND
LONG TERM
MUSCULOSKELETAL
INJURIES
CATEGORY Builders and other Involuntary movements Provide awareness on 3 months MANAGEMENT
(ERGONOMIC): construction workers are used when lifting health issues relating to bad
AWKWARD POSTURE on a building site and bending whilst posture.
performing their building or during
duties if they have construction. Provide sufficient training to 3 months MANAGEMENT
bad posture example ensure workers are not
kneeling, forward or PPE are not used to causing a strain on their
backward bending, help prevent injury bodies
HAZARD: BUILDERS twisting, and
AND OTHER squatting frequently Risks are not being Invest in correct tools and 1 months MANAGEMENT
WORKERS WHEN
to perform work avoided or eliminated equipment
PERFORMING
CERTAIN TASKS LIKE duties. This can
ERECTING WALLS, cause fatigue, There are no Initiate planning so that 2 weeks FOREMAN/ SITE
DIGGING A TRENCH muscle and joint prevention policies in tasks can be completed SUPERVISOR /
OR ATTACHING A pain, place to reduce time or smarter and not harder. WORKERS
ROOF CONSTANTLY musculoskeletal limit exposure
NEED TO KNEEL, disorders, lower back Ensure PPE are used that
FORWARD OR
pain and tendonitis Hardware controls are there is a safe system of
BACKWARD BEND,
TWIST, AND SQUAT not in place work in place, engineering
TO PERFORM THEIR and hardware controls are in

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Hazard category and Who might be What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales
hazard harmed and how? doing? are required? for further Responsible
actions to be person’s job title
completed
(within …)
DUTIES THUS place, substitutions are
CAUSING FATIGUE, considered and room for
MUSCLE AND JOINT elimination
PAIN,
MUSCULOSKELETAL
DISORDERS, LOWER
BACK PAIN AND
TENDONITIS

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 Part 3: Prioritise three actions and justification for the selection

You must pick the three highest priority/most urgent actions and justify your choice. Your justification must include moral, legal and
financial arguments (500 to 700 words); consideration of likelihood and probable severity of injury, ill-health and/or harm (150 to 250 words);
description of how effective each action is likely to be in controlling the risk (250 to 350 words).

The three priorities which I have selected to be major priorities are:

1. Purchasing of a forklift to assist with movement and transportation of heavy materials,
2. Creating a maintenance plan in respect of all equipment and tools
3. Purchasing eco-friendly materials and resources to reduce risks

Construction is a highly relative and dangerous industry. At SRehan’s Construction we aim to improve our safety standards to
ensure our employees are always safe and our environment is safe for those who work in it. We know best that maintaining a
good image is completely reliant on how our business is run. We ensure quality and safety in all of our projects, but we however
know that an accident is not impossible while having a safety plan in progress. We have recently adopted the ISO 45001:2018
Policy and previously were bound by our ethics and business principles. We understand that non-compliance has significant
reputational risks and this could lead to fines and penalties and possibility of procuring work. We now strive to be accredited and
ensure we are fully compliant with all legislation within our field.

Financial implications on the above priorities:

1. The purchasing of a forklift to assist with carrying, transporting heavy objects like bricks, blocks, cement, and other heavy
building material or equipment from one place to another within the building site. The cost of investing in a forklift is high
but in the long term it is very reasonable, as it saves time from doing the same work manually, it reduces the risk of
employees being injured and it can assist in reducing the workload.
By investing or purchasing a forklift the benefits are endless, it can reduce medical and insurance costs to a business and
increase productivity.

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 2. By creating a maintenance plan for all equipment and tools is a plus point to a business especially on a construction site.
According to new legislation SRehan’s Construction is now obligated to provide proper inspection and maintenance of all
equipment and tools. This can be an inexpensive exercise and has positive implications on the business. Maintained and
regularly services equipment and tools can increase productivity and reduce the risk of workers being injured.

3. The now purchasing of raw material and other resources (example; cement, tile glue and other adhesives, plastic, paint
and hand tools) will now be eco friendly and environmentally safe. It will bring about a positive change and reduce the risk
of allergies, dangerous health conditions and it will keep the environment safe and healthy for everyone who uses it.
Healthy staff will increase productivity, reaching goals, reduce absenteeism and reduce regular colds and flu’s.

Moral implications of the above priorities:

1. A business has a moral obligation and duty of care towards its employees and to ensure the prevention of unnecessary
pain, suffering and loss of life. Thus it is the duty of a business to invest in new equipment to ensure that work is being
completed correctly, and that their workers are safe at all times.

2. It is the duty of a business to create a safe system of work and a prevention policy to ensure the wellbeing of its employees
and job satisfaction.

3. It is also the moral duty of a business to ensure the purchasing of good quality and authentic products to carry our
construction-related activities on a building site. If products, materials and resources are of good standard then it positively
impacts the business.

Legal implications of the above priorities:

1. A business has an absolute duty of care and responsibility to ensure health and safety management. A safe system of
work and prevention policies needs to be in place. The purchase of a forklift can eliminate dangers and possible risks of
employees getting injured while on duty.

2. A business has an absolute duty of care and responsibility in creating a maintenance plan as per the ILO Convention C155
and Recommendations (R164)

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 3. It is only ethical that a business purchases equipment and materials in terms of specific building standards and rules and of
which same are accredited by international bodies.

Likelihood of injury on priority one - the probability of workers being harmed or injured if a forklift is not purchased is relatively
high. On a likelihood scale it will be 4: very likely. The severity of injury sustained by workers if a forklift is not purchased is
relatively high as well. On a severity scale it will be 4: disabling injury. The continuous lifting and movement of heavy building
material, improper movements and bad posture can cause small injuries from back aches, muscle pain, cuts and bruises to
severe musculoskeletal disorders and tendonitis.

Likelihood of injury on priority two – the probability of workers being harmed or injured if a maintenance plan is not implemented is
relatively high. On a likelihood scale it will be 5: certain. The severity of injury sustained by workers if a maintenance plan is not
implemented is extremely high. On a severity scale it will be 4 and or 5: disabling injury and or fatal. Without maintenance plan of
equipment the condition of same will deteriorate causing a risk on the health and safety of employees. The continuous incorrect
use of unmaintained equipment can cause small injuries and in severe cases death.

Likelihood of injury on priority three - the probability of workers being harmed or injured if good quality and eco-friendly are not
purchased is not high. On a likelihood scale it will be 2: unlikely. The severity of injury sustained by workers if quality goods,
products and materials are not purchased is low. On a severity scale it will be 1 or 2: very unlikely to unlikely. The risk of causing
injury is limited to skin irritations and allergies and fungal infections which can be treated.

In brief the under mentioned actions in controlling the risks are:

a) In respect of priority one if a Forklift is purchased it will eliminate the risk of builders and other labourers on the site who
work with heavy material from falling, or getting injured. The risk of losing employees can reduce to at least 60% and
projects will be completed within the expected time or earlier.

b) In respect of priority two the creation and implementation of a maintenance plan of all equipment and tools will reduce and/

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 or eliminate the risk of builders and other labourers on the site in using the equipment or tools incorrectly and as a result
getting injured. It will also save the business financially which is not having to purchase tools and equipment regularly. It
will also create an inventory of how much tools and equipment the business has and the older equipment and tools can be
marked off as damaged and set aside. The risk of employees being injured can be reduced by 50%.

c) In respect of priority three the purchasing of eco-friendly materials and resources can reduce the risk of employees being
affected by 35% and can save the environment from being destroyed completely.

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Part 4: Review, communicate and check

You must now give a review date for your risk assessment and say why you have chosen this date (10 to 50 words).

I have selected a three month period starting 27 December 2019 to 27 March 2020. The reason being it will give the business
time to make profits to purchase new equipment and tools and to remedy and eliminate the risks, adopt a policy in line with ILO
and HSE and create a more safe work environment.

You must now indicate how the risk assessment findings will be communicated (including who needs to know the information) (100 to 150
words).

The risk assessment findings will be tabled before a management meeting including the managing director, site foreman, builders
and managers. This report will be discussed on a PowerPoint slide show and discussed in full allowing for comments, and
solutions.

After the suggestions and approval from management this report employees will be informed of the risks and the solutions so that
they are aware of the hazards and risks amongst them. This will have a major impact on the employees as they will now be
aware, trained and safe while performing their duties. The betterment of the business will commence and the business will be
registered with legislative bodies to ensure its credibility in securing bigger projects and keeping its employees safe and risk free.
This will result in a good image of the business. Trained employees will find it more likely to stay in employment and equipment
and tools will be upgraded and a maintenance plan according to HSE and ILO will be in place to ensure safety.

You must now indicate how you will follow-up on the risk assessment to check that the actions have been carried out (100 to 150 words).

A person in management has to be assigned or a designated person has to monitor the transformation / implementation and
progress of the risk assessment on a 3 month cycle. A weekly follow up plan (communication, registering with the legislative
bodies, and the monitoring of safety plans should be implemented to allow for regular follow ups within the three month period. A
checklist needs to be created, relevant process and procedure in terms of the ILO and HSE to be followed, training of employees
to have started, maintenance of equipment and tools to have been done within the first two weeks and the purchasing of eco-
friendly resources and materials to have started and continued on each project.

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