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Syllabus For MD Physiology
Syllabus For MD Physiology
IN
PHYSIOLOGY
(i) GOAL:
The broad goal of the teaching to postgraduate students in Human Physiology aims at
providing thorough knowledge of the Principles of Physiology, Biochemical and
Biophysical Basis of Physiology, Molecular biology, History and evolution of
Physiological functions, Recent advances in understanding of Physiological functions
and mechanisms of Physiological actions of the organ systems of the body to facilitate
understanding of the Physiological Basis of health and disease. The ultimate goal of
teaching Physiology to postgraduate student is to prepare them for research work in
Physiology and to become undergraduate (M.B.B.S.) teacher of Physiology.
(ii) OBJECTIVES:
(A) KNOWLEDGE:
(a) Explain the normal functioning of all the organ systems and their interactions for
well co-ordinated total body function;
(b) Explain the Biochemical and Biophysical principles behind Physiological functions.
(c) Assess the relative contribution of each organ system to the maintenance of the
milieu interior;
(h) Independently perform undergraduate teaching activity and can work as expert in
academic activity in the subject.
(B) SKILLS:
c. Distinguish between normal and abnormal data derived as a result of tests, which
he/she has performed and can statistically analyze and discuss with reference to
relevant data.
(C) INTEGRATION:
At the end of the integrated teaching the student shall acquire an integrated knowledge
of organ structure and function and its regulatory mechanisms. Can explain
physiological basis of health, physiologically varied conditions, extremes of
environment, various investigations, treatment and patho-physiology of the disease
state.
(D) CURRICULUM:
I. SYSTEMIC PHYSIOLOGY:
Introduction to physiology
~ Introduction to Physiology
~Scope of Physiology
~Homeostasis
~Evolution of various systems
a. Cell Physiology
~Functions of cells,
~Intercellular communication,
b. Biophysics
~Surface tension,
~Hemodynamics,
~Cathode Ray Oscilloscope and recording of Action Potential in various tissues i.e.
ERG, ECG, EMG, EOG, EEG, Nerve conduction velocity,
c. Blood
~Functions of blood
~Composition of blood
~Properties of blood,
~Plasma proteins,
~Hemo-poiesis,
~Blood clotting,
~Reticulo-endothelial system,
~Anaemia, Poly-cythemia,
~Bleeding disorders,
~Blood transfusion,
d. Gastro-Intestinal System
~Physiological Anatomy,
~Gastrointestinal hormones,
e. Cardiovascular System
~Heart rate,
~Cardiac output,
~Pulse,
~Cerebral circulation
~Pulmonary circulation
f. Respiratory System
~Physiological anatomy,
~Functions of kidney,
~Glomerular filtration ,
~Tubular secretion
~Tubular reabsorption, formation of urine,
~Juxta-glomerular apparatus,
~Clearance tests,
~Roll of brown fat, hypo and hyperthermia its importance and effects on the body.
~Neuromuscular transmission,
~Autonomic neurotransmission,
~Physiological anatomy,
~Stretch reflex, withdrawal reflex, inverse stretch reflex, crossed extensor reflex,
lengthening reaction,
~Pontine medial gamma facilitatory and medullary lateral gamma inhibitory pathways,
plastic and spastic type rigidity(cogwheel, clasp-knife, lead pipe)(decerebrate: classical
and ischemic type, decorticate rigidity) ,
~Spinal reflexes, study of spinal reflexes, hemisection and transection of spinal cord,
spinal shock,
~Functions, disorders,
~Extra pyramidal tract and lower motor neurone lesions Non-auditory labyrinth.
~Physiology of speech.
k. Endocrines
~Adrenal medulla,
~Endocrine disprders
l. Reproductive system
~Primary and secondary sex characters. Sex differentiation, Puberty and adolescence
~Actions of testesterone
m. Special Senses:
Eye:
~Refractory errors,
~Mechanism of accommodation.
~Visual perception
Ear:
~Tests for hearing, audiometry etc. Deafness, type and hearing tests, hearing aids,
Vestibular Apparatus
~Mechanism of stimulation
Applied physiology
Physiology of Yoga
Sports physiology
Aviation physiology
Marine physiology
Nutrition
PRACTICALS
Amphibian practicals,
2~Biomedical instrumentation
3~Amplifiers
4~Transducers
5~Electrodes
10~Effects of Temperature
(b) Haemotology
1. Study of Microscope
11 Hb Estimation.
13 E.S.R.
3. Measuring Blood Pressure and study of effect of posture, exercise and stress.
4. Examination of pulse.
7. Spirometry.
22. Recording of body temperature and study of effect of hot and cold environment.
24. Stetho-graphy.
26. Plethysmography.
27. Sphygmography.
28. E.C.G.
30. Opthalmoscopy
31. Ergography.
51. G.T.T.
54. Study of vascular reactions in cutaneous blood vessels e.g. white line, triple
response, reactive hyperaemia.
Mammalian Experiments.
of drugs.
them.
Biochemistry experiments:
3. Chemistry of proteins
4. Chemistry of fats
5. Chemistry of milk
9. Chemistry of saliva
33. colorimetry
34. Spectrophotometry
35. Electrophoresis
36. Chromatography