NAME: ________________________ GRADE AND SECTION: _________________

GRADE 10 MATHEMATICS
Rational Root Theorem

CONTENT STANDARD: The learner understanding of key concepts of sequences, polynomials

and polynomial equations

PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner is able to solve problems involving sequences,

polynomials and polynomial equations in different disciplines through appropriate and accurate
representations.

OBJECTIVES:
1. proves Rational Root Theorem. M10AL-Ii-2
2. Determine the Upper bound and lower bound of the polynomial function.

REFERENCES:
1. Marasigan, J., Coronel, A, Coronel I. Advanced algebra with trigonometry and statistics.
Makati City, Philippines: The Bookmark, Inc.
2. Coronel, A., Coronel I. Growing up with math. Quezon City, Philippines: FNB
Educational, Inc.

INTRODUCTION

DEFINTION:


UPPER BOUND a nd LOWER BOUND

THEOREM:
Le t P(x) = a n xn + a n -1 xn -1 + a n -2 xn -2 +……. + a 1 x + a 0
w ith a n > 0. Le t c b e a n y re a l n u m b e r.

 If c > 0 a n d th e re is no ne g a tive e n try in th e th ird

ro w o f th e syn th e tic d ivisio n o f P(x) b y x-c , th e n c is
a n up p e r b o und fo r th e re a l ze ro s o f P(x).
 If c < 0 a n d th e e n trie s in th e th ird ro w o f th e
syn th e tic d ivisio n if b y x-c a lte rna te in sig n (Ea c h
ze ro e n try, if a n y, m a y b e c o n sid e re d a s +0 o r -0),
th e n c is a lo we r b o und fo r th e re a l ze ro s o f P(x)

“If we want to find the zeros of the function using the Rational Root Theorem, we need
to determine and try any of the possible rational roots using synthetic division.”

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Prepared By:

MATHEMATICS GRADE 10 Ryan Jay C. Verbo
 ACTIVITY NO. 1

DIRECTION: Determine the possible rational roots of the following polynomials.

1. P(x) = x4 -3x3 + 8x2 – 9x -10

2. P(x) = 2x4 +6x3 - 2x2 – 5x -12

3. P(x) = 4x5 -2x4 - 5x2 – 3x +6

4. P(x) = 2x3 - 5x2 - x + 6

5. P(x) = 6x3 - 23x2 + 12x + 20

ACTIVITY NO. 2

DIRECTION: Find the Rational Roots of the following. Determine the Upper bound and
lower bound and use Descartes rules of sign in determining the possible signs of the
rational roots.

1. P(x) = x4 + 10x3 + 33x2 + 38x + 8

2. P(x) = 3x4 - 8x3 - 37x2 + 2x – 40

3. P(x) = x3 - 4x2 + 6x – 4

4. P(x) = 2x3 - 13x2 + 27x – 18

5. P(x) = 2x3 - x2 - 14x - 12

6. P(x) = 4x4 + 4x3 - 3x2 - 4x – 1

7. P(x) = 2x4 - 7x3 - 13x2 + 9x – 9

8. P(x) = 4x4 - 16x4 + 17x3 - 19x2 + 13x – 3

9. P(x) = 2x4 - 3x3 + 6x2 + 2x + 16

10. P(x) = 2x3 - x2 + 38x – 10

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Prepared By:

MATHEMATICS GRADE 10 Ryan Jay C. Verbo