Level 2: Implementing Lock Out /Tag

Out
OFS shall continually evaluate the risks to our workforce, our clients and the
environment. Comprehensive risk assessment will provide the necessary
information to reduce risk and mitigate the impact of our operations on Health,
SafetyCommitment
and the Environment.
& Leadership

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Policies and Objectives Improvement

Organization and Resources

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Contractor and Supplier Management
Corrections

 Risk Management

Design and Planning

Implementation and Monitoring Control

Assessment and Continuous Improvement

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What is Lock Out / Tag Out?
• Lock Out is the placement of a locking device to prevent
the flow of energy from a power source to a piece of
equipment. Lock out is a physical restraint.

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• Tag Out is the placement of a tag on an isolation device
used to prevent the flow of energy from a power source

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with warning not to restore flow of energy. Tag out is not
a physical restraint.

• Lock Out / Tag Out is a combination of lock and tag. The

combination of lock and tag is preferred and should be
used when ever possible. Use of a chain and lock or
special locking devices may be required.

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Need for Lock Out / Tag Out
Why?
• To eliminate hazards from energized sources when
conducting maintenance or installing equipment

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– To eliminate unexpected start-up or release of stored energy when
the servicing of systems and equipment could injure employees

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When?
• Any time major repair work, replacement, or modification
is made to equipment powered by electrical, mechanical,
hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical or thermal energy.
– Specifically, repair or maintenance work for which a worker must
remove or by-pass an equipment guard.
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Lock Out / Tag Out
Examples of When Required
• Any time person working on equipment or systems does
not have sole control of an energy source supplying the

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equipment or system
– Working on machinery with remote energy source, remote switch-
on or automatic start-up

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– Working on electrical systems over 32 volts
– Working on equipment connected to pressurized lines
– Working in enclosures (confined spaces) exposed to supply of gas
or liquids

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Lock Out / Tag Out
Examples of When not Required
• Equipment maintenance and adjustments that do not
– Require removal of guard or bypass of safety device
– Require person placing any part of body within moving

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equipment or enclosure exposed to liquid or gas

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• Work on electrical cable or electrical equipment when plug
is removed from energy source and person doing work has
sole control of the plug

• Where continuity of service is essential, shutdown is not

practical, and written procedures have been issued to
minimize risk and ensure safety
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Lock Out / Tag Out
How?
• Define procedure to de-energize
• Define system and authority for Lock Out / Tag Out

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• Define system for identification and communication
• Define authority and procedure to re-energize

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Lock Out / Tag Out
How?
• Identifying all activities and machines, equipment, and
processes which require lockouts (for example, repairs,

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maintenance, and cleaning of pipelines, tanks, and
machines)
• Making the appropriate persons responsible for lockouts in

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the Work Permit
• Ensuring that lockouts are performed by authorized
persons only
• Developing procedures for each specific lockout situation
• Training those who will perform lockouts
• Verifying the effectiveness of such training
– reviewing, updating, and enforcing the lockout procedure.
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Definition
• Lockout:
– The placement of a lock out device to block the flow of energy
from a power source to a piece of equipment

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• Tagout:
– The process of attaching a tag to a disconnect switch or other

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energy isolating device to warn others not to restore energy to the
tagged equipment

• Zero Energy State:

– All energy sources are isolated, blocked or relieved, with no
possibility of re-accumulation

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Definition
• Authorized Employee:
– One who can physically lock or tag out a machine to do service or
maintenance work:
• Trained to perform correct lock out/tag out procedures

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• Understands the concept of affected employee

• Affected Employee:

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– One who either operates equipment that can be locked or tagged
out, or works in an area where Lock Out / Tag Out is used.
• Understands the reasons for Lock Out / Tag Out
• Understands that Lock Out / Tag Out procedures may only be
performed by Authorized Employees
• Understands that Lock Out / Tag Out devices may not be pampered
with or removed

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Sources of Energy
Sources of Energy could be:
• Electrical - transmission lines, power cords, motors,
solenoids, capacitors

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• Mechanical – machinery, counterweights, raised loads,
lifting device

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• Hydraulic- hydraulic presses, rams, cylinders, hammers
• Pneumatic - lines, pressure reservoirs, accumulators, air
surge tanks
• Thermal – steam lines, burners, torches, heating elements
• Chemical – supply lines, storage tanks, vessels, nozzles
• Pressure - supply lines, cylinders, vessels, receivers

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Isolation of Energy Sources

Means of isolating energy sources are:

• Electric circuit breakers • Fuses

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• Slide gates • Blocks
• Slip blinds • Removal

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• Valves

Note: To be effective, the isolation means must have visible

indication of its position (off/on, open/closed, etc.)

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Decision to Lock Out / Tag Out
• Determine if conditions apply to the equipment or
system to be serviced
– It can be energized or started from a remote location.

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– It can be energized or started by another person who is
NOT working on the equipment.
– It can cause injury to the person working on the

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equipment or personnel around the equipment.
– It can be started by accident during maintenance
procedures.

• If any of these conditions apply, Lock Out / Tag

Out procedures must be followed.
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Lock Out Devices
• Are used to secure the energy isolating device in a safe
position
• Devices must be secured by a lock or other secure system
– e.g. blank flange, bolted slip blind, chains, lock mechanism,

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padlocks
• Padlocks

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• Must be controlled and are only to be provided through
authorized procurement
• Should be clearly identified as Lock Out padlocks
• Keys must be controlled by a designated supervisor and
issued for Lock Out / Tag Out only
• May only be used by Authorized Employees
• May never be used to lock tool boxes, storage areas or
other devices
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• Should never be borrowed by other workers
Tag Out Labels
Tags
• Serve as visible, written warning not to change conditions
(restore energy)

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• Are not a physical restraint
• Should resist adverse temperature and weather conditions

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• Must be securely attached by suitable means:
– Cannot be easily removed and replaced
• Must be worded with a clear warning, DO NOT
OPERATE
• Should be easily recognizable:
– Same size, shape, color

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Tag Out Tag Example

DANGER DANGER

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DO NOT USE DO NOT USE
OR OPERATE OR OPERATE

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Do not remove this tag
NAME: __________________
______________________
DEPT: __________________
______________________
DATE: __________________
This Tag can ONLY be
IC No: __________________ removed through the
methods detailed in the
TAG No: ________________ work instruction:
PTW, Danger Tag Practices
POSITION: ______________ IPM-WI-HSE-007
Oilfie ld Services Integrated Project Management
Form No: IPM-FO-HSE-010

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Lock Out Control Station
• Lock Out / Tag Out supplies should be
kept in an orderly way

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• Lock Out / Tag Out supplies should be
available to Authorized Employees only

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• Must be formally monitored and controlled
by written procedure

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Procedure
• LockOut/TagOut will usually be performed under a
Permit to Work
• May be subject to a PTW Isolation Certificate

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• Procedures developed must be site/equipment/process
specific:
– Define PPE required and identify any special hazards

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– Define energy, process or machine to be secured
– Define location of switches, valves interlocks etc. and means of
securing
– Define safe means of discharging stored energy
– Define testing procedure to ensure safe Lock Out
– Define step by step procedure for lock out /tag out and to remove
and reconnect / reactivate source of energy
– Define authorized personnel for performing job and verifying
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Generic Procedure
1. Preparation and Notification
• Use Written Procedure
• Assess energy type and magnitude

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• Determine method of control
• Notify all affected personnel

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Generic Procedure
2. Shutdown
• Verify it is safe to shutdown equipment
• Perform normal shutdown

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• Isolate and lock out energy source
– if more than one employee involved, use group Lock Out / Tag
Out, i.e. one padlock for each employee

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• Release stored energy, such as:
– compressed springs, actuators
– equipment in a raised position,
– rotating wheels, flywheels
– hydraulic systems,
– compressed air,
– capacitor banks
• Complete lock out tag and affix with secure means
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Generic Procedure
3. Verification of isolation
• Attempt to restart equipment
– use normal startup controls (start buttons, computer software

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controls, etc)
• Test for zero energy state
– use appropriate test equipment (volt meter, pressure gauge, etc)

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Maintenance operations may proceed only after Lock
Out / Tag Out is completed with Verification that
equipment cannot be energized
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Generic Procedure
4. Release from Lock Out / Tag Out
• Verify it is safe to re-energize
– Verification must be performed by an individual other than that
responsible for the permitted work prior to removal of the last

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lock. The person must be familiar with and have recognized
authority over the system to be re-energized.
• Clear all tools and personnel

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• Remove all grounding and isolating devices
• Replace safety guards
• Remove locks and tags
– reset isolating device
• Notify all affected personnel that equipment or system is
energized

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Electrical
Minimum procedures to follow for electrical
equipment are:
• For equipment connected with an electric cable and plug:
– Disconnect the equipment from the electrical outlet.

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– Attach a lock out device to cover the plug so that it can not be put back
into the outlet.
– Attach a tag to the equipment which reads “Danger - Do Not Operate”

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• For equipment permanently connected to the electrical supply:
– Stop the equipment by the normal procedure.
– Turn off the power to the equipment with the main circuit switch or main
circuit breaker. Attach a lock out device.
– Attach a tag to the equipment which reads “Danger - Do Not Operate”
• If a lock out device cannot be installed or the power circuit is more
than 480 volts a qualified electrician must turn off the power.

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Vehicle
The minimum procedures for vehicle maintenance
are:
• Wheels must be held with chocks to prevent movement.

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• Remove the ignition key, (unless there is a need to test the
engine), and keep in a controlled space.

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• Fasten a Tag Out tag on the door(s) of the vehicle so that
the tag is visible.
• Use steering wheel covers, “Warning Do Not Start This
Vehicle”.
– Covers may be made of white cloth fixed around the edge of the
steering wheel painted on the front with the warning in red letters.

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Special Procedures
• Temporary Removal of Lock Out / Tag Out devices
– Notify affected workers and supervisors, Clear all tools and personnel
– Remove all grounding/blocking and isolating devices
– Energize and proceed with testing/positioning

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De-energize and re-apply Lock Out / Tag Out. Original tag may be

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–
reused.
• Emergency Removal of Lock Out / Tag Out devices
– Supervisor verifies Authorized Employee is not available

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• Make every effort to contact employee
• If contacted, advise on devices that are being removed, explain reason for
removal, be clear.
– Verify it is safe to remove devices
• Procedure MUST be comprehensive if Authorized Employee is not contactable
• Procedure must be reviewed and approved by the next level of authority before
actioning
– Proceed with removal as per procedure
• Use supervisor’s emergency key or cut padlock
– Return Padlock to employee on his/her return
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Tag Out Only
If Device is incapable of being locked out:
• Procedure should allow for non placement of lock
• A second means of isolation must be used, such

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as:
– removal of circuit element

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– blocking of control switch
– removal of valve handle
• Secondary isolation must be identified on tags and
tags affixed to both primary and secondary
isolation element
• If no second isolation element available a written
procedure is required
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Group Lock Out / Tag Out
• A special procedure where responsibility for
applying and removing Lock Out / Tag Out for a
group of authorized employees is vested in a single

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designated employee
• Only used:

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– where large group of employees involved and
– individual Lock Out / Tag Out is impractical
• Must provide equal protection to group as
individual Lock Out / Tag Out

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Group Procedure
To initiate group Lock Out / Tag Out
• Supervisor determines group Lock Out / Tag Out is
appropriate

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• Convenes meeting of all group members:
– describes work

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– designates an employee to perform Lock Out / Tag Out
• Designated employee performs Lock Out / Tag Out:
– uses personal lock
– marks tag as “Group Lock Out / Tag Out”
• Designated employee informs each member of group that
work may commence

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Group Removal Procedure
When work is completed:
• Designated employee:
– verifies all tasks are completed

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– ensures all employees are in a safe position
– ensures equipment is in a safe condition to restart

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• After verification, designated employee:
– removes Lock Out / Tag Out devices
– performs equipment restart

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Shift Changes
Orderly transfer of Lock Out / Tag Out is required
• When Lock Out / Tag Out activity continues through a shift change:
– Both outgoing & incoming authorized employees assemble at LockOut /
TagOut point

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– Outgoing employee removes his/her locks/tags
– Incoming employee replaces with his/her locks/tags
– Outgoing employee advises of any potential hazards

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• When there is a gap between outgoing and incoming shift:
– The Outgoing employee must leave written authorization for locks/tags to
be replaced
– Supervisor of incoming shift may remove outgoing employees locks/tags
– The Incoming authorized employee places his/her locks/tags
– Work continues as per standard procedure
– Transfer of Lock Out / Tag Out must be documented in Lock Out / Tag
Out logbook
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Tag-On
Where equipment requires a special shut-down
or
Where shut-down could impact Safety, such as:

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– Sprinkler lines, bilge pumps, emergency lights

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If equipment disconnect switch, circuit breaker,
energy securing device or valve is accessible:
– Tag should be placed advising “device should not be
deactivated”
– Must not be locked out such that device could not be
used in an emergency

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Record-Keeping
Lock Out / Tag Out events should be documented in
a log, maintenance log or dedicated Lock Out / Tag
Out logbook.

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– Record should include the following information:
• Name of authorized employee who performed Lock Out / Tag

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Out
• Date and time of Lock Out / Tag Out
• Equipment and circuit identification
• Reason for Lock Out / Tag Out
• Date and Time of removal of Lock Out / Tag Out
– Record-keeping requirement may be met by an orderly
system of archived tags
– Records should be kept for two years
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Permit To Work
For the Lock Out / Tag Out Level 2 training to be
completed and valid it is required that a minimum of
Level 1 training in Permit to Work be achieved

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The Permit to Work Procedure IPM-PR-HSE-001

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can be found in InTouch

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