Supplementary Learning Module for Senior High School Learners

Grade Levels: Grade 11 and 12 CORE

Subject: Earth and Life Science
Semester: First

LESSON: EARTH MATERIAL AND PROCESSES

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/439312138627077854/?autologin=true

Learning Competencies
S11/12ES-Ib-10 – Classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
S11/12ES-Ib-12 – Explain how the products of weathering are carried away by
erosion and deposited elsewhere

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 Supplementary Learning Module for Senior High School Learners

LET’S BEGIN!

TARGETS!
At the end of this module,
the learner with at least
75% accuracy will be able
to:

1. Describe the different types of rocks.

2. Explain the different processes involved in the formation of the different types
of rocks.
3. Explain rock cycle.

TRY THIS!

PRE – ASSESMENT:
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. Which of the choices below is NOT one of the three types of rocks?
A. Metamorphic B. Indigenous C. Sedimentary D. Sediments
2. What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
A. Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
B. Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.
C. Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
D. Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
3. Which of the words below describe mud, sand, and tiny bits of rocks that
cemented together to form a type of rock?
A. Stalactites B. Magmas C.Metamorphs D.Sediments
4. What process is used to form metamorphic rocks?
A .Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
B. Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.
C. Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
D. Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
5. What type of rock can turn into a metamorphic rock?
A. Igneous only C. Metamorphic only
B. Sedimentary only D. Any type of rock
6. Which type of rock would you expect to find by a volcano?
A. Ingenious B. Igneous C. Indigenous D. Indigo

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7. What type of scientist is most likely to study rocks?
A. geologists C. meteorologists
B. biologists D. biochemicists
8. Which of the choices below is NOT one of the three types of rocks?
A. Metamorphic C. Sedimentary
B. Indigenous D. Igneous
9. What material is used to form igneous rocks?
A. magma B. sand C. gravel D. fossils
10. What type of rock can turn into a metamorphic rock?
A. Igneous only C. Metamorphic only
B. Sedimentary only D. Any type of rock

INTRODUCTION:

There are three kinds of rock: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies.
Sedimentary rocks originate when particles settle out of water or air, or by
precipitation of minerals from water. They accumulate in layers.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-
5UpJVWEgAVA/UjkKU1aATAI/AAAAAAAAAIc/fORn9H5doTM/s1600/Screen+shot+2013-09-
18+at+2.04.06+PM.png

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 A. ENGAGE

There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and

metamorphic. Each of these rocks are formed by
physical changes—such as melting, cooling,
eroding, compacting, or deforming—that are part
of the rock cycle. Sedimentary rocks are
formed from pieces of other existing rock or
organic materials.

https://byjus.com/physi
cs/igneous-rocks/
Characteristics of the three different kinds of rocks.
Here are some characteristics of igneous rocks:
• Normally contains no fossils.
• Rarely reacts with acid.
• Usually has no layering.
• Usually made of two or more minerals.
• May be light or dark colored.
• Usually made of mineral crystals of different sizes.
• Sometimes has openings or glass fibers.

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 https://www.slideserve.com/zwi/minerals-
rocks

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 Activity # 1 Words Search
Encircle the words that you have found in the word search.

B. EXPLORE:

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How the different types of rocks are formed?
There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and
metamorphic. Each of these rocks are formed by physical changes—such as
melting, cooling, eroding, compacting, or deforming—that are part of the rock cycle.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from pieces of other existing rock or organic
material.

https://www.msnucleus.org/membership/html/k-6/rc/rocks/4/rcr4_2a.html

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 ACTIVITY # 2 Rock Processes
1. What are the different processes involved in the formation of igneous rocks?
Metamorphic rocks? Sedimentary rocks?

2. Differentiate extrusive igneous rocks from intrusive igneous rocks.

C: EXPLAIN:

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition.

How are they related with each other in the formation of rocks?

https://clarkscience8.weebly.com/weathering-erosion-deposition.html
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface, by the action of
rainwater, extremes of temperature, and biological activity. It does not involve the
removal of rock material.
There are three types of
weathering.
1. Physical weathering,
2. Chemical weathering, and.
3. Biological weathering.

https://www.tes.com/lessons/C2VXAe265ivsIg/copy-of-weathering-and-erosion

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https://www.thoughtco.com/examples-of-chemical-weathering-607608

ACTIVITY # 3 How weathering relate the formation of rocks?

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1. In your own opinion, cite the importance of weathering in the geosphere?
______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________

D. ELABORATE:

The Rock Cycle

The rock cycle is a concept used to explain how the three basic rock types
are related and how Earth processes, over geologic time, change a rock from one
type into another. Plate tectonic activity, along with weathering and erosional
processes, are responsible for the continued recycling of rocks.
The rock cycle stages include: weathering and erosion, transportation,
deposition, compaction and cementation, metamorphism, and rock melting.

The rock cycle is a process in which rocks are continuously transformed

between the three rock types igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. ... If the
sediments are buried
under further layers of
sediment, they can
become lithified to produce
a sedimentary rock.
Magma is produced
when rocks are melted.

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_cycle

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 Activity # 4 The Rock Cycle
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Choose the words found inside the

Igneous rock Metamorphic rock Sedimentary rock Cooling /crystallizing

Heat / Pressure Weathering Cementing/Compacting

box.

https://sites.google.com/site/missiontomarsatvssec/home/mission-background-
briefing-students/earth/15-rock-cycle

1. What are the different processes involved in the formation of igneous rocks?
Metamorphic rocks? Sedimentary rocks?

2. Explain each processes:

a. Compaction / cementation

b. Heat / pressure

c. Cooling / crystallizing

d. Melting

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 E. EVALUATE

Activity # 5 Classify me!

Identification: Give its characteristics and identify its type of rock.
Rocks Characteristics Type of Rocks
(Igneous/Metamorphic/
Sedimentary)
Marble
1

Basalt
2

Limestone
3

Obsidian
4

Shale
5

Gneiss
6

REFLECTION:

What I have learned?

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 POST TEST

DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
from the given choices.
1. Which type of rock is formed from cooled and hardened lava or magma?
A. Sedimentary C. Metamorphic
B. Igneous D. None of the above
2. Which one of the following is generally found in sedimentary rocks?
A. Basalt B. Silica C. Shale magnesium
3. Which of these is not responsible for the formation of igneous rock?
A. Sediments B. liquid rock C. magma D. lava
4. Which of the following rocks is different from others?
A. marble B.gypsum Sandstone Limestone
5. Magma that cools slowly beneath the earth's surface produces ____
A.marble C. fine-grained metamorphic rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks D. extrusive igneous rocks.
6. Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are usually composed of ___
A. intergrown B.crystals C. mineralsfossils D. sediments
7. Which process is necessary for the formation of igneous rocks?
A. erosion B. deposition C. metamorphism D. solidification
8. In which type of rock would you expect to find fossils?
A. Granite B. obsidian C. shale D. marble
9. Which series of processes changes rock from one type to another?
A. photosynthesis B. deposition C. rock cycle D. water cycle
10. Which path must a rock take once it is in the rock cycle?
A. From sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock
B. From igneous rock to sedimentary rock
C. Magma cooling into igneous rock
D. Any path in the rock cycle since no rock travels the same path through the
rock cycle
11. What type of force is erosion?
A. destructive force C. chemical force
B. momentum D. physical force
12. Which of the following helps create both metamorphic and sedimentary rocks?
A. cementation B. evaporation C. pressure D. heat
13. From what type of rock can metamorphic rocks be formed?
A. igneous rocks C. metamorphic rocks
B. sedimentary rocks D. all rock groups
14. Which of the following human activities has resulted in increased rates of
weathering?
A. The release of sulphur and nitrogen that cause acid rain.
B. The physical disintegration of rocks during construction and mining
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
15. What are two factors are necessary to form metamorphic rock?
A. Sun and pressure C. Pressure and lava
B. Heat and pressure D. Sediments and lava

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16. What is the term for the general process by which rocks are broken down at the
Earth's surface?
A. Deposition B. erosion C. nitrification D.
weathering
17. Which of the following statements about weathering is false?
A. rocks of different composition weather at different rates
B. heat and heavy rainfall increase the rate of chemical weathering
C. the presence of soil slows down the weathering of the underlying bedrock
D. the longer a rock is exposed at the surface, the more weathered it
becomes
18. In which of the following climates will chemical weathering be most rapid?
A. hot and dry C. cold and dry
B. hot and humid D. cold and humid
19. Which of the processes is not an example of chemical weathering?
A. dissolution of calcite C. breakdown of feldspar to
form clay
B. splitting of a rock along a fracture D. rusting of nail
20. Which of the following factors would increase the rate of weathering?
A. increasing rainfall C. increasing organic activity
B. increasing temperature D. all of these

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ANSWER KEY

REFERENCES

Links
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/576c02e2ff89df57501ab8fe/three-types-of-rocks
https://learn.stleonards.vic.edu.au/yr8science/files/2014/10/Rock-Cycle-MCQ.pdf
https://uh.edu/~jbutler/physical/chap6mult.html
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:weathering%20erosion%20an
d%20deposition%20test
https://www.google.com/search?q=rock+cycle&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk02fqhnaQM3LgO
qCQ1MHkSdrcs7oxQ:1591947395826&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=LXwjRGNb
JqNKwM%253A%252CmLUYm9iwuRDgjM%252C%252Fm%252F073gr_&vet=1&u
sg=AI4_-kSRmGjWzn-
CdZLwdxIPV_qnEQ0cbg&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiN152Y4vvpAhWxzjgGHSwgDHUQ
_B0wIHoECAYQAw&biw=159
Disclaimer:
The contents of this module such as text, graphics, images and other
materials are for general and educational purposes. I created this module solely for
non – commercial, informational and educational purposes. There is no intention on
my part to claim ownership as to the contents or make profit out of this module.

Prepared by: SAMUEL D. ALFANTA

SHS Faculty
Subangdaku Technical Vocational School
June, 2020

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