Pathophysiology of Cervical Cancer

High risk HPV (16, 18, 31) Risk factors:

Early age of coitus
Invasion of the basal cell of the Multiple sexual partners
squamous epithelium of the Unsafe sexual practices
cervix

Integration of viral DNA

p53 and pRB tumor suppressor

genes are blocked/deactivated Barrel-shaped
cervix

Mutation and cell proliferation

CIN/SIL Tumor fills the entire

Co-carcinogens
Carcinoma in situ cervix

Metastasis to distant body parts

Invasive cancer Tissue necrosis and
sloughing
Increased tumor growth
Lymph invasion
Hypermetabolic Increased
activitypressure to the surrounding tissues, nerves and bladder Fistula formation Hemorrhage Infection
of cell proliferation and Enlargement of lymph
increased tumor growth nodes
needs Leakage of
Metrorrhagia Foul-
urine and
Pelvic and back pain Venous and Ureteral Bleeding smelling
Dysuria feces into the
obstruction after coitus vaginal
vagina
Anorexia anemia discharge
Weight
Hydronephrosi Leg edema
loss
s