‫‪< <l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪9 .............‬‬ ‫‪íéŠéñ†Ö]<íéÏŞß¹]<l^e]çfÖ]æ<ł‚Ãÿ Ö]<íÛ¿Þ_< <<1‬‬

‫‪9 ................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪ ‪9 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ K‬ﺇﱃ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪11 ........ m‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻛﺴﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ K‬ﺇﱃ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪12 ........ m‬‬

‫ﺍﳉﱪ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﻲ ‪13 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪13 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ ‪14 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪14 .............................................................................................................. AND‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪15 ................................................................................................................ OR‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ )ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻛﺲ( ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪16 ............................................................................. NOT‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪16 ........................................................................................................... NAND‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪17 .............................................................................................................. NOR‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪17 .............................................................................................................. XOR‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﱪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﱄ ‪18 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫<‪19<<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<<l^ÛÓvj¹]<^Â<±c<Ø}‚Ú‬‬ ‫‪<2‬‬
‫‪19 ..............................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺐ ‪19 .........................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ‪20 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪782‬‬

‫ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪21 ........................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﰿ ‪21 .....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ‪22 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﻭﺍﻛﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺐ ‪23 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪24 ..................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪24 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫<]‪27<<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<AT90S1200<ÜÓvj¹‬‬ ‫‪<3‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ‪27 ................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪28 ...................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪29 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻗﻲ ‪29 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪30 ..........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪30 ...................................................................................................................... Vcc‬‬
‫‪30 .................................................................................................................... GND‬‬

‫)‪31 .................................................................................... Port B (PB7 … PB0‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ )‪31 ................................................................................... Port D (PD6 … PD0‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪31 ............................................................................................ RESET‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪31 ................................................................................................ XTAL1‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪31 .............................................................................................. XTAL2‬‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﺘﺎﱄ ‪32 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻫﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ‪32 ................................................................................................ RC‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ ‪ CPU‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪33 ................................................... AT90S1200‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪33 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪35 .................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻖ ‪35 ...................................................................................... ALU‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ‪36 ...........................................‬‬
‫‪783‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪36 ....................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ‪36 .................................................................. RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ‪37 .......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳌﺴﺠﻠﲔ ‪37 .............................................................................. RR ، RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳊﻴﺰ ‪38 ............................................................................................ I/O‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ RJMP‬ﻭ ‪38 ........................................................... RCALL‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪39 ..................................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪39 ......................................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪39 ......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪41 .................................................................................................. I/O‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ‪42 .............................................................................................. SREG :‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪43 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪44 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪46 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪47 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪48 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪49 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪49 ........................................................................ GIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪50 .................................................................. TIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪50 .................................................................... TIFR‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪51 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪51 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪52 ................................................................... MCUCR - MCU‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ‪53 .........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ‪54 ..............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ‪54 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪784‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺘﺎﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ‪54 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪55 .................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 0‬ﺫﻭ ‪55 .......................................................................................... 8-bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪56 .................................................................. TCCR0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪57 ............................................................................. TCNT0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪58 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﲟﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ – ‪58 ................................................................... WDTCR‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪59 ........................................................EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪60 ....................................................... EEAR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪60 ...................................................... EEDR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪60 ...................................................... EECR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪61 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪62 .........................................................ACSR -‬‬

‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪64 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪64 ................................................................................................................. B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪64 ........................................................................... PORTB - B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪65 ...................................................................... DDRB - B‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪65 ................................................................... PINB-B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ B‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪65 .............................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪66 ....................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪66 ................................................... B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪69 ................................................................................................................. D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪70 ........................................................................... PORTD - D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪70 ....................................................................... DDRD-D‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪70 ........................................................................... PIND-D‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ D‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪71 ......................................................................‬‬

‫‪785‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪71 ....................................................................................... D‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪71 ............................................... D‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪73 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻔﻞ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪73 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ‪74 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻳﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ‪74 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪74 ....................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ‪75 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪75 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ ‪77 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ‪77 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ‪78 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ‪79 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪81 ............................................................................. EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪81 ............................................................................. EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ‪82 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ‪82 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ‪83 .........................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺑﺎﻳﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ‪83 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺎﹰ ‪84 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪85 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪ I/O‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪87 ............................................. AT90S1200‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪88 ............................................................ AT90S1200‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪89 ...................................................... AT90S1200‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪786‬‬

‫<]‪91<<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<AT90S2313<ÜÓvj¹‬‬ ‫‪<4‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ‪91 ................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪92 ...................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪93 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻗﻲ ‪93 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪94 ..........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪94 .................................................................................................................... :Vcc‬‬

‫‪94 ................................................................................................................... :GND‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ) ‪95 .................................................................................. Port B ( PB7 … PB0‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ) ‪95 ................................................................................. Port D ( PD6 … PD0‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪95 ............................................................................................. RESET‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪95 ............................................................................................... XTAL1‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪95 ............................................................................................... XTAL2‬‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﱄ ‪96 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪97 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪99 .........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،X‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،Y‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪100 ............................................................................. Z‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻖ ‪101 .................................................................................... ALU‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪101 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪102 ....................................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪102 ........................................................................................... SRAM‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪103 ....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ‪103 ................................................................. RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻠﲔ ‪ RD‬ﻭ‪104 ............................................................... RR‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳊﻴﺰ ‪104 .......................................................................................... I/O‬‬

‫‪787‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪105 ........................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪105 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪106 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺹ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪106 .................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪107 ....................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ‪107 ....................................................................... LPM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ IJMP ،‬ﻭ‪108 .................................................... ICALL‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ RJMP :‬ﻭ‪108 ......................................................... RCALL‬‬

‫ﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪108 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪110 ................................................................................................ I/O‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‪111 ..............................................................................................SREG :‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺪﺱ‪112 ...................................................................................... SP :‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪113 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪114 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪116 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪117 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪118 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪118 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪119 .......................................................................... GIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪120 ............................................................................ GIFR‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪121 .............................................................. TIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪122 .................................................................. TIFR‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪124 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪124 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪124 ................................................................. MCUCR - MCU‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ‪126 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪788‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ‪127 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ‬
‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ‪127 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺘﺎﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ‪127 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪128 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 0‬ﺫﻭ ‪128 .................................................................................... 8-bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪129 ................................................................ TCCR0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪130 ............................................................................ TCNT0 - 0‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ‪ 1‬ﺫﻭ ‪131 .................................................................................. 16-bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ A‬ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪133 .......................................................... TCCR1A - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ B‬ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪134 ........................................................ TCCR1B - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ TCNT1H - 1‬ﻭ ‪136 ....................................................... TCNT1L‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪136 ............................................................. TCNT1 - 1‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪136 ............................................................. TCNT1 - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻧﻈﲑ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ‪ A‬ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪137 .................................. OCR1AH , OCR1AL – 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪137 ........................................... ICR1H , ICR1L - 1‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ‪ 1‬ﰲ ﳕﻂ ‪138 ............................................................................... PWM‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪140 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﲟﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪141 ................................................................... WDTCR -‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪142 ....................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪143 ................................................. EEAR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪143 .................................................... EEDR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪144 .................................................... EECR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪145 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪146 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪148 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪150 ........................................................................................ UART‬‬

‫‪789‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪150 ............................................................................... UDR‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪-UART‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ‪150 ............................................................................ USR - UART‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪152 ....................................................................... UCR - UART‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ‪153 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪154 .................................................................. UBRR - UART‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪155 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪155 ........................................................ ACSR -‬‬

‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪157 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪157 ............................................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪158 ......................................................................... PORTB - B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪158 .................................................................... DDRB - B‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‪158 ................................................................... PINB-B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ B‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪159 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪160 ..................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪160 ................................................. B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪164 ............................................................................................................... D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪164 ......................................................................... PORTD - D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪165 ..................................................................... DDRD-D‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪165 ......................................................................... PIND-D‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ D‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪165 ....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪166 ..................................................................................... D‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪167 ................................................ D‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪170 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻔﻞ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪170 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ‪170 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻳﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ‪170 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪790‬‬

‫‪171 .................................................. EEPROM‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ‪171 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪172 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ ‪173 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ‪174 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ‪174 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ‪177 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪177 ............................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪177 ................................................................................EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ‪178 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ‪178 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺞ ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﻞ ‪179 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺑﺎﻳﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ‪179 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﱪﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ‪180 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺎﹰ ‪181 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﳎﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪182 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪184 ................................................................... AT90S2313‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪185 ....................................................... AT90S2313‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪186 ................................................ AT90S2313‬‬

‫<]‪188<JJJJJJJ<AT90S/LS2323 and AT90S/LS2343<á^ÛÓvj¹‬‬ ‫‪<5‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ‪187 ..............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪189 .................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪190 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻗﻲ ‪190 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪791‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪191 .................................. AT90S/LS2343‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ AT90S/LS2323‬ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪192 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪192 .................................................................................................................. :Vcc‬‬

‫‪192 ................................................................................................................. :GND‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ) ‪192 .................................................................................. Port B ( PB4 … PB0‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪192 ............................................................................................. RESET‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪193 ...................................................................................................... CLOCK‬‬

‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪193 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﱄ ‪193 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪193 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪194 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪197 .......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،X‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،Y‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪198 ............................................................................. Z‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻖ ‪198 .................................................................................... ALU‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪198 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪199 ....................................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪199 ........................................................................................... SRAM‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪200 ......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ‪201 ................................................................. RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳌﺴﺠﻠﲔ ‪ RD‬ﻭ‪201 ............................................................................. RR‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳊﻴﺰ ‪202 .......................................................................................... I/O‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪202 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪203 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪203 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺹ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪204 .................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪204 ....................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪792‬‬

‫‪205 ....................................................................... LPM‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ IJMP ،‬ﻭ ‪205 ................................................... ICALL‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ RJMP :‬ﻭ ‪206 ........................................................ RCALL‬‬

‫ﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪206 ....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪207 ................................................................................................ I/O‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‪208 ..............................................................................................SREG :‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺪﺱ‪210 ...................................................................................... SP :‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪210 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪211 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪213 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪214 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪214 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪215 ................................................................................. MCUSR‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪216 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪217 .......................................................................... GIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪218 ............................................................................ GIFR‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪218 .............................................................. TIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪219 ..........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪220 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪220 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪220 ................................................................. MCUCR - MCU‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ‪222 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ‪222 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ‪223 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪223 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪223 ..........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪793‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪224 ........................................................................................ 8-bit‬‬‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 0‬ﺫﻭ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪225 ................................................................ TCCR0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪226 ............................................................................ TCNT0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪226 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﲟﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪227 ................................................................... WDTCR -‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪229 ....................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪229 ....................................................EEAR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪229 .................................................... EEDR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪230 .................................................... EECR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪232 ........................................................................................ B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪233 ......................................................................... PORTB - B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪233 .................................................................... DDRB - B‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‪233 ................................................................... PINB-B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ B‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪234 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪234 ..................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪ I/O‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪236 .................................. AT90S2323/2343‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪237 ................................................. AT90S2323/2343‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪238 ........................................... AT90S2323/2343‬‬

‫‪239‬‬ ‫‪.... AT90S/LS2333 and AT90S/LS4433<<á^ÛÓvj¹]< <<6‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ‪239 ..............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪241 .................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪242 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻗﻲ ‪243 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪244 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪244 .................................................................................................................... Vcc‬‬
‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪794‬‬

‫‪244 .................................................................................................................. GND‬‬

‫) ‪244 ................................................................................ Port B ( PB5 … PB0‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ) ‪244 ................................................................................ Port C ( PC5 … PC0‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ) ‪244 ............................................................................... Port D ( PD7 … PD0‬‬

‫ﻗﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ‪245 .............................................................................................. RESET‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪245 ............................................................................................ XTAL1‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪245 ............................................................................................ XTAL2‬‬

‫‪245 .................................................................................................................. AVCC‬‬
‫‪245 .................................................................................................................. AREF‬‬
‫‪245 ................................................................................................................. AGND‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪246 ................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﱄ ‪246 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪246 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪247 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪250 .......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،X‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪ ،Y‬ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ‪251 ............................................................................. Z‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻖ ‪251 .................................................................................... ALU‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪251 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪252 ........................................................................................... SRAM‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪253 ....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ‪253 ................................................................ RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻠﲔ ‪ RD‬ﻭ‪254 ............................................................... RR‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳊﻴﺰ ‪254 .......................................................................................... I/O‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪255 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺇﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪255 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪256 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺹ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪256 .................................................‬‬

‫‪795‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪257 ....................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ‪257 ....................................................................... LPM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ IJMP ،‬ﻭ‪258 .................................................... ICALL‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ RJMP :‬ﻭ‪258 ......................................................... RCALL‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪259 ....................................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪259 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪260 ................................................................................................ I/O‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‪262 ..............................................................................................SREG :‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﳌﻜﺪﺱ‪263 ...................................................................................... SP :‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪264 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪266 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪268 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪268 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ‪270 ..................................................................................... Brown-Out‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪270 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪271 ................................................................................. MCUSR‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪272 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪273 .......................................................................... GIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪274 ............................................................................ GIFR‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪274 ................................................................ TIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪276 ..........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪277 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪278 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪278 ................................................................. MCUCR - MCU‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ‪280 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ‪281 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪796‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ‪281 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺘﺎﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ‪282 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪282 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 0‬ﺫﻭ ‪283 ............................................................................... 8-bit -‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪284 ................................................................ TCCR0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪285 ............................................................................ TCNT0 - 0‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 1‬ﺫﻭ ‪285 .................................................................................16-bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ A‬ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪287 .......................................................... TCCR1A - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ B‬ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪288 ........................................................ TCCR1B - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ TCNT1H - 1‬ﻭ‪290 .......................................................... TCNT1L‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪290 ............................................................. TCNT1 - 1‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪291 ............................................................. TCNT1 - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻧﻈﲑ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ‪ A‬ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪291 ................................... OCR1AH, OCR1AL – 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪292 ................................. ICR1L ،ICR1H - 1‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 1‬ﰲ ﳕﻂ ‪292 .............................................................................. PWM‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪295 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﲟﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪295 ................................................................... WDTCR -‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪297 ....................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪298 ....................................................EEAR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪298 .................................................... EEDR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪298 .................................................... EECR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﲡﻨﺐ ﺇﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪300 ................................................................................ EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﶈﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪301 .............................................................................. SPI‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺐ ‪303 ............................................................................................ SS‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪304 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻮﺻﻠﺔ ‪305 ...................................................................... SPCR - SPI‬‬

‫‪797‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪306 ............................................................................... SPSR - SPI‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪307 .......................................................... SPDR - SPI‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪307 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪308 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪310 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ‪312 ...............................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪313 ..........................................................................UART‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪313 .............................................................................. UDR -UART‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪313 ........................................................ UCSRA - UART‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪315 ......................................................... UCSRB - UART‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ‪316 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ‪317 .................................................................. UBRR - UART‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪318 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪318 ...................................................... ACSR -‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ‪320 .......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ‪322 .............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺪﻝ ‪323 .................................................................................. ADC‬‬

‫ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺭﺍﻓﺾ ﺿﺠﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪325 ......................................................................... ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺧﺐ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪325 ............................................................................. ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪326 ..........................................................................ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪328 ...................................................... ADCL and ADCH - ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ‪328 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺿﺠﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪329 ............................................................................ ADC‬‬

‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪330 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪331 ......................................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪331 ......................................................................... PORTB - B‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪798‬‬

‫‪332 .................................................................... DDRB - B‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‪332 ................................................................... PINB-B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ B‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪332 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪333 ..................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪334 .............................................. B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪337 ......................................................................................................... C‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪338 ......................................................................... PORTC - C‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪338 .................................................................... DDRC - C‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‪338 ................................................................... PINC-C‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ C‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪338 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪339 .............................................. C‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪340 ......................................................................................................... D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪341 ......................................................................... PORTD - D‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪341 ................................................................... DDRD - D‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‪341 .................................................................. PIND-D‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ D‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪341 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪342 ..................................................................................... D‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪344 ............................................. D‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪347 ...................................................... AT905S2333/4433‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪348 ........................................... AT90S2333/4433‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪349 .................................... AT90S2333/4433‬‬

‫<]‪351<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<ATtiny15<ÜÓvj¹‬‬ ‫‪<7‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ‪351 ..............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪352 .................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫‪799‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪353 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻗﻲ ‪354 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪355 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪355 .................................................................................................................... Vcc‬‬
‫‪355 .................................................................................................................. GND‬‬

‫) ‪355 ................................................................................ Port B ( PB5 … PB0‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻴﺔ ‪356 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ‪356 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪356 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪358 .......................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻄﻖ ‪359 .................................................................................... ALU‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪359 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪360 ....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺪ ‪360 ................................................................ RD‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ‪360 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﳌﺴﺠﻠﲔ ‪ RD‬ﻭ‪361 ............................................................... RR‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﳊﻴﺰ ‪361 .......................................................................................... I/O‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ RJMP :‬ﻭ‪362 ......................................................... RCALL‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ‪362 ......................................................................... LPM‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﻮﻳﺔ ‪363 .................................................................‬‬

‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪363 ....................................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺃﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺝ ﻟﻠﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪363 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪364 ................................................................................................ I/O‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‪366 ..............................................................................................SREG :‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪367 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ‪369 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪371 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪800‬‬

‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪372 ....................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﲑ‬

‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ‪373 ..................................................................................... Brown-Out‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪374 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪375 ................................................................................. MCUSR‬‬

‫ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ‪375 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺇﻗﻼﻉ ﻭﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﲤﻜﲔ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻲ ‪376 ................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪376 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ‪377 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪377 .......................................................................... GIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪378 ............................................................................ GIFR‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪379 .............................................................. TIMSK‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪380 ..........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪382 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺐ ‪382 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪382 ................................................................. MCUCR - MCU‬‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ ‪384 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ ‪384 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺿﺠﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪385 .................................................................................. ADC‬‬

‫ﳕﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ‪385 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﻴﲑ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪ RC‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ‪386 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ‪386 ......................................................................... OSCCAL‬‬

‫ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ‪ PLL‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ ‪386 ........................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺘﺎﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ‪387 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪387 ....................................................................................... 0‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪388 ....................................................................................... 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ‪388 ................................................................................. SFIOR‬‬

‫‪801‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪389 ............................................................ 1‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺔ ‪ :PSR1 - 1‬ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬

‫ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺔ ‪ :PSR0 - 0‬ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪389 .......................................................... 0‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 0‬ﺫﻭ ‪389 .................................................................................... 8-bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪390 ................................................................ TCCR0 - 0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪391 ............................................................................ TCNT0 - 0‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 1‬ﺫﻭ ‪392 .................................................................................. 8-1bit‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪393 ................................................................ TCCR1 - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪395 ............................................................................ TCNT1 - 1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻧﻈﲑ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪ A‬ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪395 ............................................. OCR1A -1‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 1‬ﰲ ﳕﻂ ‪396 .............................................................................. PWM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪ B‬ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪397 ..................................................... OCR1B-1‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪399 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﲟﺆﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ‪399 ................................................................... WDTCR -‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪401 ....................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪401 ....................................................EEAR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪401 .................................................... EEDR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪402 .................................................... EECR - EEPROM‬‬

‫ﲡﻨﺐ ﺇﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪404 ............................................................................. EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪405 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ‪406 ...................................................... ACSR -‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺧﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ ‪407 ..........................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ‪409 .............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﲏ ﻭﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ‪411 ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺭﺍﻓﺾ ﺿﺠﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪413 ......................................................................... ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺧﺐ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪414 ............................................................................. ADC‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪416 ............................................................ ADCSR-ADC‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪802‬‬

‫‪417 ....................................................... ADCH‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪ ADCL - ADC‬ﻭ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ‪418 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺿﺠﻴﺞ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪419 ............................................................................ ADC‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻝ ‪ ADC‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪419 ...................................................... TA= -40 C TO 85 C‬‬

‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺍﳋﺮﺝ ‪420 ........................................................................................ B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪421 ......................................................................... PORTB - B‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪421 .................................................................... DDRB - B‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪421 ................................................................. PINB-B‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪ B‬ﻛﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺩﺧﻞ‪/‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ‪422 ...........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ‪423 ..................................................................................... B‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪425 ................................................................... ATting15‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪426 ....................................................... ATting15‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪427 .................................................... ATting15‬‬

‫<‪429<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<<l^Ûé×ÃjÖ]<íÛñ^Î‬‬ ‫‪<8‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ‪429 ................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ))‪429 ..................................................................................... SREG‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ‪429 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﻼﺕ ‪430 ............................................................ RAMPX, RAMPY, RAMPZ :I/O‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻜﺪﺱ ‪430 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ‪430 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻃﺔ ‪431 ........................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ‪432 .............................................................................‬‬

‫‪803‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫<‪547<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ< <AVR<í×ñ^Â<ÜqÚ‬‬ ‫‪<9‬‬

‫‪547 ............................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺮﺟﻢ ‪547 .....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ‪548 .............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻠﻔﻚ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ‪548 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﻭﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ‪549 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ‪550 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ‪550 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪551 ...............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ‪554 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﲑ ‪564 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﺎﻳﻜﺮﻭﺳﻮﻓﺖ ﻭﻧﺪﻭﺯ ‪571 ..............................................................................‬‬

‫ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﲰﺒﻠﻲ‪571 ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺟﺎﻫﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﺭ ‪572 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻭ‪‬ﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪572 ............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ ‪572 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫‪‬ﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪572 .............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﺮ ‪573 .................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪573 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪573 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪574 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪574 .........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ‪575 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ‪575 .......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ‪575 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪804‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪576 .......................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫‪579<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ<<< AVR<í×ñ^Â<êÒ^¦<<10‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪579 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻲ ‪579 ............................................................‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ‪580 ...................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﶈﺎﻛﺎﺓ ‪580 .................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪583 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ‪583 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪584 .......................................................................................................... View‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪584 .................................................................................................. Breakpoint‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪585 ......................................................................................................... Debug‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪585 ....................................................................................................... Options‬‬

‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻲ ‪586 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪586 ................................................................................................... AVR‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ‪587 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ‪588 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺩﻋﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪600 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪603<JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ< íé×ÛÃÖ]<l^ÏéfŞjÖ]<<11‬‬
‫‪603 ............................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ‪603 .............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ‪608 ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪ :‬ﻭﺻﻞ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﻗﻄﻊ ‪ segment 7‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪609 ....... .AT90S 2313‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪641 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻭﺇﻧﻘﺎﺻﻪ ﲟﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺖ ﻋﺸﺮﻱ‬
‫‪805‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫‪620 ............................................................... BCD‬‬ ‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﳌﺮﻣﺰ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺎﹰ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﻱ ﺇﱃ ‪622 ....................................................... BCD‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ‪629 ....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺭﻭﺗﲔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ‪926 ................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺄﻫﻴﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺘﲔ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﺘﲔ ‪ INT0‬ﻭ‪630 ........................................ INT1‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ ‪635 .............................................................. EEDPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪636 ........................................................................ EEPROM‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ‪636 ...................................................................... EEPROM‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ‪637 .................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪644 .......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪647 .................................................................... LCD‬‬

‫ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ‪648 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪650 ..................................................... .LCD‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪650 .................................................................... Clear display‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺆﺷﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ‪651 ............................................. cursor Return home‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳕﻂ ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ ‪651 ......................................................... Entry mode set‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ‪651 ...................................................................... ON/OFF‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺇﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺷﺮ ‪652 ..........................................................................‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺿﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪652 .................................................................... Function Set‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ‪652 ........................................................ :DDRAM‬‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪654 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺇﻗﻼﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪654 ................................................ LCD‬‬

‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺇﻗﻼﻉ ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪ LCD‬ﰲ ﳕﻂ ‪655 .................................................... .4-bit‬‬

‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺇﻗﻼﻉ ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪ LCD‬ﰲ ﳕﻂ ‪655 .................................................... .8-bit‬‬

‫ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪656 ............................................................................. LCD‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪657 .................................................................. LCD‬‬

‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬ ‫‪806‬‬

‫‪657 ........................................................................................ LCD‬‬ ‫ﺇﻗﻼﻉ ﻭ‪‬ﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﻭﺻﻞ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪667 .......................................................... :MCU‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﻀﻐﻮﻁ‪668 ........................................................................... :‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪669 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﹰ ‪ :‬ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺗﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ‪ DC‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪680 ................................................... PWM‬‬

‫ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ‪680 .......................................................................................... DC‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺁﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ‪680 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻛﻤﻮﻟﺪ‪681 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ ﻛﻤﺤﺮﻙ ‪681 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ ‪682 .............................................................. DC‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺇﳒﺎﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ‪683 .................................................................................. Va‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪685 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ‪696 ................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪696 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲣﺼﻴﺺ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 1‬ﰲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪696 .................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﳍﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ‪696 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪698 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ‪699 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ‪709 ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺩﺳﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎ‪‬ﻲ ﰲ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ‪719 ..........................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻭﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ‪719 .............................................................................. Relay‬‬

‫ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Relay‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪719 ...................................................................... MCU‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻳﺎﻙ ‪721 ....................................................................................................Triac‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪722 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺑﻌﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪724 ................................................................... UART‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻣﻨﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺧﻄﻮﻱ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻴﺔ ‪734 .........................................‬‬
‫‪807‬‬ ‫‪l^èçj]<Ùæ‚q‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻴﺔ ‪736 ..............................................................‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﻳﺔ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ‪736 .................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻦ‪736 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻨﺼﻒ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ ‪737 ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺧﻄﻮﻱ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻴﺔ ‪740 ........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺓ ‪741 .....................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪742 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ‪756 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪756 ............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ‪756 .............................................................................‬‬

‫ﲢﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ‪760 ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻼﺀﻣﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪760 .................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ‪761 ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﶈﺔ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ‪763 ..........................................................‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ‪763 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻴﺔ ‪ BC327‬ﻭ‪763 ....................................................... BC337‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻓﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻔﺮﺓ ‪764 ........................................................................................ 74LS154‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ‪766 .............................................................................................. 7805‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪767 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪769 ..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻣﱪﳎﺔ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ‪771 .............................................................................................. AVT‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﳌﱪﳎﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻴﺔ ‪771 .............................................................................‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﳌﱪﳎﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ‪772 ...............................................................................‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﱪﳎﺔ ‪778 .....................................................................................‬‬

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