ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE AND TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE

Perspective is the view from a particular fixed viewpoint. Horizontal and vertical
edges in the object are represented by horizontals and verticals in the drawing.
Lines leading away into the distance appear to converge at a vanishing point.

Perspective in drawing is an approximate representation on a flat surface of an

image as it is perceived by the eye. The key concepts here are:

*Perspective is the view from a particular fixed viewpoint.

*Horizontal and vertical edges in the object are represented by horizontals and
verticals in the drawing.
*Lines leading away into the distance appear to converge at a vanishing point.
*All horizontals converge to a point on the horizon, which is a horizontal line at
eye level.
*Verticals converge to a point either above or below the horizon.
*The basic categorization of artificial perspective is by the number of vanishing
There are two types of construction lines used in this perspective
drawing:
 Orthogonal Lines which we have drawn in RED.
 Transversal Lines which we have drawn in GREEN.

Orthogonal Lines
 Orthogonal lines are parallel to the ground plane and move
back from the picture plane.
 Orthogonal lines set the varying heights or widths of a
rectangular plane as it recedes from view.
  Orthogonal lines always appear to meet at a vanishing point
on the eye level.

Transversal Lines
 Transversal lines are always at right angles to the orthogonal
lines.
 Transversal lines are parallel to the picture plane and to one
another.
 Transversal lines establish a fixed height or width between
two orthogonal lines.
 Transversal lines form the nearest and furthest edges of a
rectangle as it recedes from view.

Vanishing Points
Vanishing Points, which we have drawn in BLUE, are dots on the
eye-level where parallel lines seem to converge and disappear.
ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE

ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE where objects facing the viewer are orthogonal, and receding lines
converge to a single vanishing point.

One Point Perspective is so named because it uses a single vanishing

point to draw an object. It is the simplest form of perspective drawing and is
used here to draw a box.

In one point perspective, the front and back transversal planes of the box
always remain parallel to the picture plane. Only their scale changes as
they recede into the distance.
Some Important Rules
Before we jump in, there are some important rules to keep in mind when
drawing in one point perspective.

 All vertical construction lines are parallel to one another;

 All horizontal construction lines are parallel to one another;
 Given the lack of a second and third vanishing point, this perspective
relies on orthogonal construction lines;
 This style of perspective, although convincing, is not always accurate

TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE

Two Point Perspective is used in this illustration to draw a box which has now
been rotated at an angle to the picture plane.

Two point perspective uses two sets of orthogonal lines and two vanishing
points to draw each object.

There are no longer any planes parallel to the picture plane. However the
vertical transversal lines are still drawn parallel to one another and at right
angles to the ground plane.
P erspective drawing with two vanishing points can become more

awkward because the second vanishing point is often situated

well outside the frame of the picture .
If both vanishing points were situated within the picture frame,
the angles of objects would appear to be extremely
foreshortened.

 The Role Of Perspective In Architecture

 1. PERSPECTIVE TO CONCEPTUALIZE
 2. PERSPECTIVE TO VISUALIZE AND PROTOTYPE
 3. PERSPECTIVE IN PRESENTATIONS, SALES AND MARKETING
 4. PERSPECTIVE TO COMMUNICATE