Hybrid 4G/5G Core Network

Authentication + session management server can easily run on a cheap

Cloud Authentication + Session Management (ePC / 5GC Hybrid) cloud VPS. This should also be cloned for resilliency, and use
3GPP DNS technique for round robin load balancing

NRF
SBI Connections
N13
UDM AUSF
N35
HSS Subscriber Database UDR N26 You can use a cloud userplane server if desired. This is essential
if requiring access to other components after the cloud N6
N36 N8 N12 connection, eg the network’s IMS server for calls and texts.
S6a PCRF N10 PCF Will likely incur additional bandwidth charges, and may need
SCTP: 3868
N15 a more expensive VPS
Gx N7
SCTP: 3868

MME SGW-c SMF (PGW-c) AMF

S11 S5/8c N11
UDP: 2123 UDP: 2123 Cloud Userplane (ePC / 5GC Hybrid)
N4 UDP: 8805
Sxa UDP: 8805 (IMS)

S1-U S5/8u
SGW-u UPF N6
N3 Public Internet
(PGW-u)

S1-MME S1-U N2 N3
SCTP: 36412 UDP: 2152 SCTP: 38412 UDP: 2152

CloudSGW-c CloudSMF
X2 (VPN)

Sxa N4
S1-U (VPN) 4G/ 5G NSA S1-U S5/8u
SGW-u
5G SA N3 N6
UPF Public Internet
BH (VPN) CloudSGW-c CloudSMF
4G/5G CUPS userplane

MEC
Sxa N4 Edge DC, e.g. at local �ibre POP
S1-U S5/8u
BBU/ vBBU/ vCU

RRC SGW-u
N3 N6
PDCP UPF Public Internet CUPS userplane server can be located in an Edge DC,
RLC e.g. at the local �ibre pop, or WISP network gateway
4G/5G CUPS userplane
MAC
MEC
PHY

FH
CUPS userplane server can be co-located at the 4G/ 5G NSA/ 5G SA
RRU

DFE BBU/ vBBU/ vCU (whatever form of BBU and RAN is being used...)

RF