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Thirty Available Crude Drugs of Bangladesh
Thirty Available Crude Drugs of Bangladesh
Thirty Available Crude Drugs of Bangladesh
drugs of Bangladesh
Submitted to: Md. Mofazzal Hossain
B.Pharm , M. Pharm
University of Information Technology & sciences
submitted by
Nabila Ishrat
ID: 1941261012
Tentul Gachh
Common names : Tentul gachh, tamarind tree.
Botanical source : Tamarindus indica linn.
Chemical constituents : Fruits pulp contains
large quentities of tartaric, citric, malic and acetic
acids. It contains only traces of oxalic acid. Seed
testa contains a fixed oil. Seeds contain
albuminoids, fat and carbohydrates. Leaves
contain glycosides.
Uses: 1. It improves digestion, relives gas soothes sore throat, and acts as
mild laxative .
2. Tender leaves and flowers are cooling and antibilious.
3. Fruit pulp is refrigerant, carminative, digestive and laxative.
4. Leaves and seeds are astringent.
5. Decoction of bark is tonic and astringent and prescribed in
asthma, fevers and amenorrhoea.
6. Drink of pulp lowers blood cholesterol.
Pani Phal
Common names : Paniphal , Water
chestnut .
Botanical source : Trapa bispinosa
roxb
Chemical constituents : Fruits contain
protiens , fats , starch , sugars and
manganese . Leaves contain tannins.
Stems and roots have high concentration of
Mn , Fe , Cu and Cr . The plant also
contains nitrogenous substances .
Uses: 1 . Starchy fruits are nutritive ,
tonic and cooling .
2 . Fruits also used in the
treatment of diarrhoea and bilious
affections .
3 . Mixed with milk , the plant is
given in general debility , seminal
weakness and leucorrhoea .
Puishak
Common names : Puishak , Indian
spinach .
Botanical source : Basella alba linn.
Chemical constituents: Various parts of
the plant contains mucilage (a water soluble
polysaccharide) ,vitamins A and B ,ascorbic
acid , protins , fats , sterols and minerals
.The betacyanins , gomphrenins 1 and 2 ,
isogomphrenins 1 and 2, gomphrenins 3
and their derivatives are present in the juice
of the plant .Spinacosides C and D have
been isolated from the aerial parts.
Uses: Leaves juice are used as a poultice for sores, to hasten suppuration of
boils and in urtiearia ,catarrh ,syphilitic ulcer in nose . Plant is a demulecnt and
diuretic . A decoction of the root is given to stop bilious vomiting and in intestinal
complaints .
Akasbel
Common names : Akasbel .
Botanical source : Cassytha filiformis
linn.
Chemical constituents : The plant
contains alkaloids , cassythine , cassyfiline ,
nantenine , laurotetamine , cassythidine and
its oxymethyl derivative , dulcitol .
Uses: 1. The plant is used in dropsy ,
anasarea , bilious affections , urethritis ,
chronic dysentery , rheumatism and skin
diseases and as aphrodisiac .
2 . It is also used as an insecticide .
3 . S team powder , mixed with
sesame oil , is used as a hair tonic .
Varahikanda
Common name : Boro Hikand ,
Varahikanda.
Botanical source : Tacca integrifolia ker-
gawl
Chemical constituents : Tuber contains
saponin steroids , diosgenin ,
costanogenin , quercetin-3-arabinoside ,
taccalin , betulinic acid , n-triacontanol ,
protins and amino acids , glycine , valine ,
leucine and gamma-aminobutyric acid .
Uses: 1. Tuber is digestive and tonic
2 . Useful in haemorrhagic
diathesis .
3 . Also useful in skin diseases
and leprosy .
Orbori
Common names : Orbori, Horbori, Star
gooseberry.
Botanical source : Phyllanthus acidus
(linn.)skiels
Chemical constituents :Fruits contain
ascorbic and tartaric acids and tannin.
Root bark contains tannin , gallic acid,
saponin, lopeol and a crystaline
substance. Stem bark contains a
phytosterol , different from lupeol.
Uses: 1 . Fruits is edible , astringent, and tonic to liver , and used in
bronchitis, biliousness, piles and urinary concretions.
2 . It purifies and enriches the blood and is useful in thirst,
vomiting and constipation .
3 . Seeds and roots are used as cathartic.
Kashphol
Common names : Kash , khag , kaich ,
thatch grass .
Botanical source : Saccharum spontaneum
linn.
Chemical constituents : Leaves and stalks
contain lignin,carbohydrades, proteins and
amino acids.An oxidizing enzyme,tyrosinase
was isolated from the freeze-dried tissuesof
the plant. Roots and rootstocks contain
starch and polyphenolic compounds.
Uses : 1 . Aerial parts possess laxative and aphrodisiac properties and are
useful in burning sensations, strangury, phthisis, vesical calcili, blood
diseases, biliousness and haemorrhagic diathesis .
2 . Roots are used as galactgogue and diuretic .
Aakh
Common name : Aakh, kuishar,
gendari, ikkhu, sugercane.
Botanical source : Saccharum
officinarum linn.
Chemical constituents : Juice of
stem is very rich in saccharine
substances, particularly sucrose. It also
contains mucilage, resin, fat, albumen,
calciumoxalate and a white crystalline
substance.
3. It is good for lungs, purifies blood and is used in disorders of bile and ulcers
of the skin and root is used as demulcent, stimulant and diuretic .
Jangli badam
Common names : Jangli badam, poon tree,
wild almond tree.
Botanical source : sterculia foetida linn.
Chemical constituents : It contains starch, a
non-drying fatty oil, consisting of triacylglycerols,
oleic acid, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanidin
rhamnoside, quercetin and phosphatidyl
cholines.
Uses: 1. Leaves and bark are aperient,
diaphoretic and diuretic.
2. Decoction of fruits is mucilaginous and
astringent and used internally in itch and skin
diseases.
3. Paste is applied externally for the same
purposes.
4. oil is used as a carminative and
laxative.
Photka Begun
Common names : Phutki begun, phutka
begun, poison berry, indian nightshade.
Botanical source : Solanum violaceum
cortega
Chemical constituents : Fruits contain
1.8% steroidal alkaloids, enzymes and are
a source material for cortisone and sex
hormone preparations. Leaves and roots
also contain the steroidal alkaloids,
solanidine and solasodine.
Uses: 1 . Leaf juice mixed with ginger juice is used to stop vomiting .
2 . Roots are astringent, carminative, cardiac tonic and aphrodisic .
3 . It also used in asthema, dry coughs, catarrh, colic, flatulence, worms,
toothache, dysuria and fever and fruits are digestive and laxative, root paste
is used in ulcers .
Sarbojoya
Common name : Kalabati , sarbojoya , indian
shot.
Botanical source : Canna indica linn.
Chemical constituents : Rootstock contains
enzymes , triacontanol and mixtures of
stigmasterol , beta-sitosterol andcampesterol,
beta-lectin , traces of alkaloids.
Uses: 1. Decoction of leaves is used for the removal of bile and phleg .The
leaves and its decoction are applied to swelling and in the healing of wound
injuries .
2. Dection of shoots relives flatulence and swellings on different
organs or parts of the body.
3. Decoction of roots is stomachic and alterative and is use in the
treatment of flatulence, gout and rheumatism.
Ol Kachu
Common names : Ol khachu, telugu potato,
elephant’ foot.
Botanical source : Amorphophallus
campanulatus (Roxb.) Decne.
Chemical constituents :Tuber contain
enzymes, triacontane, lupeol, betulinic acid,
sterols, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol and its
palmitate and glucose, galactose, rhamnose,
xylose and starch.
Uses: 1. Tuber or root-stock of the plant acts as appetiser, stomachic and
tonic, and is used in the treatment of abdominal pains, tumours, asthema,
bronchitis, vomiting, elephantiasis, piles, acute rheumatism, diseases of
blood and enlargement of spleen .
2. Aerial parts of the plant are used in treatment of earache, swelling of
throat, pimples, cholera, diarrhoea, pain, puerperal fever, kala-azar,
neuralgia and bites of poisonous insects .
3. Roots are emmenagogue and they are also used in boils and ophthalmia.
Swet Punarnava
Common names : Swet punarnava , horse
puslane.
Botanical source :Trianthema
portulacastrum linn.
Chemical constituents : The plant contains
water-soluble bases and potassium salts.
Punarnavine and a new alkaloid, trianthemine
and ecdysterone are present in the aerial
parts. They also contains oxalic acid. 5,2’-
dihydroxy-7-methoxy-6, 8-dimethylflavone
and 5,7-dihydroxy-6, 8-dimethyl-chromone
have also been isolated from the plant. Root
contains glycosides.
Uses: 1. Decoction of the herb is used as a vermifuge and in the treatment
of rheumatism.
2. Leaves are diuretic and used in oedema, dropsy and ascites.
3. Roots are bitter and nauseous and used as cathartic and
abortifacient and in liver troubles, asthema and amenorrhoea.
Dadmardan
Common names : Dadmardan, Ringworm.
Botanical source : Cassia alata linn.
Chemical constituents : Leaves and fruits
contain anthraquinone glycosides, chrysophanol,
emodin, rhein, aloe-emodin and chrysophanic
acid. Leaves also contain essential oil composed
of sesquiterpene and phenolic compounds, a
xanthone, cassiollin and kaempferol. Roots
contain quinone pigments.
Uses: 1. Leaves and flowers are stimulant and astringent ; they are used in
diarrhoea , dysentery , menorrhagia , ulcers and wounds.
2. Leaves are used in biliousness and dried flowers in haemorrhoids
, derangement of the liver and disorders of the mucous membranes.
3. Woodfordin C and oenothein B exhibit potent antitumour activity.
Reference: Medicinal Plants Of
Bangladesh with Chemical constituents
and uses.
Second Edition .
Asiatic society of Bangladesh
Dhaka
The End