Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Quarter : 2 Week : 13 Day : 1 Activity No. : 1
Competency: : Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines
(HUMSS_PG12-IIc-d-9)
Objective : Explain the nature of election in the Philippines.
Topic : The Nature of Elections in the Philippines
Materials :
Reference : https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/suffrage
https://www.britannica.com/topic/election-political-science
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p7666ss/b-Nature-of-Suffrage-Nature-of-suffrage-1-
A-mere-privilege-Suffrage-is-not/
Copyrights : For classroom use only
Concept Notes:
Nature of Election/Suffrage
Suffrage is the right to vote in public elections.
Election is the formal process of selecting a person for public office or of accepting or rejecting a
political proposition by voting.
➢ A mere privilege- Suffrage is not natural right of the citizens b u t m e r e l y a p r i v i l e g e
t o b e g i v e n o r w i t h h e l d b y t h e law-making power subject to
c o n s t i t u t i o n a l l i m i t a t i o n s . It i s granted to individual s only upon the fulfilment
of certain minimum conditions deemed essential for welfare of society.
➢ A pol i ti c al ri ght – It ’s a ri ght c onfe rre d by t he C o n s t i t u t i o n e n a b l i n g e v e r y
c i t i z e n t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e p r o c e s s o f government to assure that it derives
its powers from the consent of the governed. (see Art. II. Sec. 1.)
Scope of Suffrage
➢ Election – Strictly, it is the means by which the people choose t hei r offi c i al s f o r
de fi ni te a nd fi xe d pe ri ods a nd t o whom t he y entrust, for the time being as their
representatives, the exercise of powers of government.
➢ Plebiscite – The vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law or
enactment submitted to them. In the Philippines, the term is applied to an election at
which any proposed amendment to, or revision of, the Constitution is submitted to the people
for their ratification.
➢ Referendum – It is the submission of a law or part thereof passed by the national or local
legislative body to the voting citizens of the country for their ratification or rejection (see Art.
VI. Sec. 32.);
➢ Initiative – The process whereby the people directly propose a nd e nac t la ws.
➢ Recall – A method by which a public officer may be removed from office during his
tenure or before the expiration of his term by a v o t e o f t h e p e o p l e a f t e r r e g i s t r a t i o n
o f p e t i t i o n s i g n e d b y a required percentage of the qualified voters. (see Art. X, Sec. 3)
Qualifications of voters.
➢ A citizen (male or female) of the Philippines;
➢ Not otherwise disqualified by law;
➢ At least eighteen (18) years of age; and
➢ Have resided in the Philippines for at least (1) year and in the place wherein he
proposes to vote for at least six (6) months preceding the election.
The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is the agency that enforces and administers all laws and
regulations relative to the conduct of elections in the country - Section 2, Article IX. They enforce and
administer all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of an election, plebiscite, initiative,
referendum, and recall.
Evaluation: Answer the questions being asked.
1. What are the scope of suffrage? Describe each in your own words.
2. Why is the exercise of suffrage important?
3. Explain the nature of election in the Philippines?
4. What can you say about the role of COMELEC in the exercise of one’s right of suffrage?
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Quarter : 2 Week : 13 Day : 2 Activity No. : 2
Competency: : Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines
(HUMSS_PG12-IIc-d-9)
Objective : Discuss the functions of political parties in the Philippines
Topic : The Political Parties in the Philippines
Materials :
Reference : https://study.com/academy/lesson/political-party-definition-function-
organization-mobilization.html
https://www.slideshare.net/paragas/philippine-political-parties1987 Phil.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/. http://wwww.comelec.gov.ph.
Copyrights : For classroom use only

Concept Notes:
Political party is a group of dedicated people who come together to win elections, operate
the government, and determine public policy.

Some Functions of the Political Party:

▪ Recruiting and training future politicians.
▪ Formulating policies and programs for the government as commonly seen in their
platforms.
▪ Legitimizing the political system by embedding the process and system into the
consciousness of the participants.
▪ Providing a medium for political socialization and participation of the citizens.
▪ Organizing the government by providing a degree of stability and coherence that is,
when they fill up vacant positions in the government.
▪ Expressing and aggregating social interests thus persuading voter to vote to support
various issues and lending coherence to voter choices.

Types of Party System in the Philippines:

▪ One party system- There is monopoly of power, there is no other existing party.
▪ Two party system – There are two parties going against each other for domination in the
government.
▪ Multi-party System – More than two parties compete with almost equal capabilities in
affecting and winning in the political competition.

Major Political Parties in the Philippines

▪ Nacionalista Party
▪ Liberal Party
▪ Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino
▪ Lakas KAMPI CMD

Evaluation: Answer the questions being asked.

1. Do you believe that political party is important? Why?
2. Which of the functions of political party is more important to you? Why? Choose two
and give your reason.
3. What party system in the Philippines is acceptable to you? Give your reason.
4. If you wanted to run for a position in your locality, which of the major political parties
you wish to be belonged? Why?
“Elections belong to the people. It's their decision. If they decide to turn their back on the fire
and burn them behind, then they will just have to sit on their blisters.”
― Abraham Lincoln
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Quarter : 2 Week : 11 Day : 3 Activity No. : 3
Competency: : Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines
(HUMSS_PG12-IIc-d-9)
Objective : Analyze the participation of party-list system in the politics and governance in the
Philippines.
Topic : The Party-list Political Parties in the Philippines
Materials :
Reference : 1987 Phil. Constitution, Omnibus Election Code of the Philippines (PB
Blg.881) – Defensor Santiago, RA 7941, Philippine Constitution – H. De Leon
(2008),Politics and Governance – Defensor Santiago, Phil, Politics and
Governance- Pawilen,
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/ http://wwww.comelec.gov.ph/
Copyrights : For classroom use only

Concept Notes:
Party-list System.
RA 7941 The Party List System Act, define it that a party-list system is a mechanism of
proportional representation in the election of representatives to the House of Representatives from
national, regional and sectoral parties or organizations or coalitions thereof registered with the
Commission on Elections (COMELEC).

Who may Participate?

• National party when its constituency is spread over the geographical territory of at least a
majority of the regions.
• Regional party when its constituency is spread over the geographical territory of at least a
majority of the cities and provinces comprising the region.
• A sectoral party refers to an organized group of citizens belonging to any of the sectors
hereof whose principal advocacy pertains to the special interest and concerns of their sector,
• Sectoral organization refers to a group of citizens or a coalition of groups of citizens who
share similar physical attributes or characteristics, employment, interests or concerns.
• A coalition refers to an aggrupation of duly registered national, regional, sectoral parties or
organizations for political and/or election purposes.

Evaluation: Answer the questions being asked.

1. What do you think is the function of political parties and party list system in the Philippines?
2. Describe the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines.

Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.
- Martin Luther King Jr.