Non-homogenous differential equations

Practice Problems: (Hints and answer)

1. (𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 4)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑦 = 0
Ans: 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑡: 𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑋 + ℎ & 𝑦 = 𝑌 + 𝑘 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ℎ = 1, 𝑘 = 1
Solution is,
(𝑥 − 1)4 + 4(𝑥 − 1)3 (𝑦 − 1) + 4(𝑦 − 1)2 (𝑥 − 1)2 = 𝐾

2. (2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 4)𝑑𝑥 − (4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 5)𝑑𝑦 = 0

Ans: 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑡: 𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
2 9 1
∫( − ) 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑥
7 7 7𝑡 + 22
Solution is,
14(2𝑥 + 3𝑦) − 9 log(14𝑥 + 21𝑦 + 22) = 49𝑥 + 𝐾

𝑑𝑦 10𝑥+8𝑦−12
3. + =0
𝑑𝑥 7𝑥+5𝑦−9
Ans: 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑡: 𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑋 + ℎ & 𝑦 = 𝑌 + 𝑘 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ℎ = 2, 𝑘 = −1
𝑑𝑌 −10𝑋−8𝑌 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
Then, = ⟹2 +3 = −5
𝑑𝑋 7𝑋+5𝑌 𝑣+1 𝑣+2 𝑋
Solution is,
(𝑌 + 𝑋)5 (𝑌 + 2𝑋)3 = 𝐶𝑋 3
𝑖. 𝑒. , (𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1)5 (2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3)3 = 𝐶 (𝑥 − 2)3
𝑑𝑦 𝑥−2𝑦+1
4. + =0
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥−4𝑦+3
Ans: 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑡: 𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
1 1 1
∫( − ) 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑥
2 2 4𝑡 + 5
Solution is,
(𝑥 − 2𝑦) + log(4𝑥 − 8𝑦 + 5) = 2𝑥 + 𝐾