Practical Research 1: Integrated School Senior High School

Integrated School
Senior High School
Practical
Research 1
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Unauthorized reproduction, modification, distribution, display or transmission in any form, medium

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Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph
First Trimester, SY 2020 –

Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza
2021
MODULE 4
Dear Student,
Welcome to the PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 Course offered by The University of

the Cordilleras, Integrated School, Senior High School. This course module emphasizes
on self-directed, research-based, and outcome-based learning. The key in successfully
passing this subject lies in your commitment in learning and complying with the
requirements. It is our desire that you pass this subject fully equipped with the necessary
21st Century skills. This module was designed to provide you with a fun and meaningful
learning experiences and opportunities. You will be enabled to process the content of this
module while being an active learner.
Enjoy and maximize the learning while in your own homes.
JOSEPHINE S. GALANZA
In this module, you will be encountering the following parts and icons. (Parts depending per subject)
This part enumerates the objectives of the module. This part shall give you an
TARGET idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to acquire upon completion
of this module.
This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about
TESTER
the lesson to take.
In this portion, a new lesson will be introduced. This section provides a

TEACHING discussion of the lesson. This section aims to help you explore and understand
new concepts and skills.
This involves the reflective part of the module. It contains various activities
TAKE AWAY
that will allow you to reflect and state what you have learned.
This is the assessment presented at the end of each module. This section aims
TOUCHSTONE to check how much have you learned from the module. This will also evaluate
your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency.
Practical Research 1
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
WRITING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL
OBJECTIVES
After completing this chapter, you’ll be able to:
1. present and justify a research problem;

2. distinguish the difference between objectives and
problem statements;
3. formulate research problems that could pose as
novel in the field of research, for proposal and
implementation;
4. differentiate and identify the importance of
theoretical and conceptual frameworks; and
5. appropriately use the frameworks in the actual
research process.
CONTENT
1. Nature of Research Proposal

2. Identifying Research Topic
3. Objective and Problem Formulation
4. Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
LECTURE
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Research Proposal is a document written by a researcher that provides a detailed outline of the entire
research process that gives a reader a summary of the information discussed in a research project.
Importance of Research Proposal
Help you to order your thoughts;

 Present your preparatory material
in a logical way;
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
 Highlight the way in which each

section interrelates with the others;
 Assist you in defining the
boundaries of your study and the
concepts to be included.
1. Help you to order your thoughts;
2. Present your preparatory material in a logical way;
3. Highlight the way in which each section interrelates with the others; and
4. Assist you in defining boundaries of your study and the concepts to be included.

in a logical way;
in a logical way;
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4

in a logical way;
in a logical way;
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4

A good proposal should clearly and precisely indicate the following:
1. What do you want to know?

The objective (what you want to know) should be supported by literature review (critical
assessment of previous studies related to the topic) and rationale (reason and motivation why the
research is being conducted).
2. Why do you want to know it?

It is important to show the significance of the study. This means that you should be clear why
your research is important. How is it significant within the subject areas covered in my desire?
3. How will you be able to know this?

In here, you should be able to present a clear process of doing the research by presenting the
research design to be used, the locale and population or sample of interest, the tools to be used
and procedures to be followed in gathering data, and the tools or procedures to analyze or treat
the gathered data.
Structurally, the proposal contains the following parts:
Title
Introduction
Background of the study (including literature review and framework)
Significance of the study
Research objective/s and problem statement/s
Methods
Research design
Population and locale
Data gathering tool
Data gathering procedure
Data analysis
References
Appendices
Pertinent letters
Actual data gathering tool (e.g., survey questionnaire, interview guide, rubrics, etc.)
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
IDENTIFYING RESEARCH TOPIC

One of the most difficult parts of writing a research proposal is thinking of a topic. It is important to
note that not everything in the world can be researched and not all problems in the world can be solved by
anyone by doing a research.
Things to consider when identifying a research topic:
1. Importance of the research

One important question when thinking about a research topic is, “will my research do any good
to the society?”.
2. Interest of the Researcher

Although it is important that your research should have an impact to the society after
completion, it is more significant to make sure that you are interested in what you are going to
do. If your topic does not interest you, your motivation and energy in doing the research might
get lost along the way. Just like any other activity that you do at school or at home, if you lose
interest in the topic, you might not do the research seriously anymore.
3. Experiences of the Researcher

Aside from your interest, you may also want to reflect about your experiences that could be of
interest to you or to potential readers of your research.
4. Scientific Literature or Other Theories

As a student, you may have discussed a lot of topics or issues in your different classes. There
might have been a subject that struck you attention along the way because it relates to your life,
you have experienced it, the theory was somehow able to explain your experience, or it was just
really new to you. This particular information could be a basis for your research topic.
OBJECTIVE AND PROBLEM FORMULATION

Research Objective
Research Objectives are statements designed to understand the identified topic, which would result
in understanding and gaining knowledge. This should reflect the sources from which your interest and the
topic are derived.
Objectives answer the questions:

 Why do we want to carry out the research?
 What do we hope to achieve?
 What do we want to know or investigate?
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
Types of Objectives
1. General objective – states what the research expects to attain in general terms. This usually
includes a broad statement of the goal of the study.
2. Specific objective – states specific goals that are narrowed down to become more achievable.
These are small statements of goals that logically connect to one another.
Research objectives should be S-M-A-R-T

Specific Simple, brief and concise.
Measurable Should also be observable and visible.
Attainable In consideration of both human and material resources, the objectives should be
easily attained. It should also be area and population-specific.
Realistic Accomplishment should be at hand and result oriented.
Time-bound with the property of attainability, the objectives should be done in a specific
targeted time.
Research Problem
Research Problem are complex thoughts, stating an area of concern, condition to improve, a
difficulty to eliminate, or scholarly questions being raised in the academe. This shows a need to attain a
meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.
What constitutes a good and bad problem statement?
Good problem statement Bad problem statement

 Clear, precise, and specific  One that does not reveal the relevance of
 The study's importance, benefits, and justification are why you are investigating a research
clearly conveyed problem
 Would generate a variety of viewpoints from multiple  Not familiar with the researcher
audiences made up of able people  Came from an unmanageable topic
 Should be researchable  Leaning towards a vague issue
 No value-laden words and terms but the concept to be
studied is identified
 Presence of key concepts and terms
 Avoidance of unnecessary jargon
 Overarching questions and key factors or variables are
comprehensibly identified
 Articulation of the study's boundaries or parameters
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

After identifying the subject and object of your study, you should identify theories and concepts that
support the topic. Reviewing relevant books and studies to identify relevant theories will guide you how
to go about the study.
The process that the research will follow is called the framework or paradigm. Putting the theories in
perspective will create the theoretical framework, while integrating the concepts or variables to be
understood in your research will create the conceptual framework.
The Theoretical Framework

 A structure that can embrace or support a presented theory in a research study.
 It introduces and describes relevant concepts and theories which explains why the research
problem under study exists.
 Being a researcher who will use theories, you must be able to understand the theories you are
describing and relate it to the subject matter being discussed.
Figure 1. Theoretical Framework
The Conceptual Framework

 This includes theories, variables, and concepts that revolve around your study.
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
 These sometimes are referred to as the presentation of relationships between the dependent,
independent, and intervening variables.
 Most researches on business and marketing follow the conceptual framework known as Input-
Process-Output or I-P-O (as shown in the figure below). This is an ideal framework because it
aims to show the research question and variables (Input), research methods (Process), and the
answers to the questions sought (Output). This also includes the Expected Outcomes, which will
come after the Output. This part of the framework will guide the researcher as to what
programs, plan or course of action, or strategies should be implemented after finding out
answers to the problem or need of the company or organization.
Input Process Output Expected Outcome
Understanding Survey Financial Strategies and

financial questionnaire management programs to
management styles of develop and
skills and female strengthen
practices of managers in a financial
female university management
managers in a skills of female
university managers in a
university
Figure 2. I-P-O Framework
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY I: TRUE OR FALSE
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;

2021
MODULE 4
Directions: Read and analyze each concept based on the discussion of Writing a Research Proposal.
Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is incorrect. Write your answers in a 1
whole sheet of paper. 10 points.
In writing a research proposal:
__________ 1. it is important to understand the impact of the field of study to the

society;
__________ 2. the researcher must show interest to respondent’s personal life only;
__________ 3. it is important to show the worth of the study;
__________ 4. the objective should be supported by literature review;
__________ 5. the researcher must be able to present a clear process of doing the
research;
__________ 6. a brief walkthrough of the methodology should not be included;
__________ 7. the field of study must contain quantitative and qualitative measurement;
__________ 8. the researcher must present various ways to present a novel story;
__________ 9. the principle of scientific soundness in mind shall be evident; and,
__________ 10. the topic should be researchable.
ACTIVITY 2: ALTERNATE RESPONSE

Directions: Distinguish whether the following statements are linked with Research Objective or Research
Problem. Write RO for Research Objective and RP for Research Problem. Write your answers in a 1
whole sheet of paper. 2 points each.
1. These are statements designed to understand the identified topic, which would result in
understanding and gaining knowledge.
2. This statement reflects the sources from which your interest and the topic are derived.
3. This usually includes a broad statement of the goal of the study.
4. This shows a need to attain a meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.
5. These are small statements of goals that logically connect to one another.
6. These are complex thoughts.
7. It states specific goals that are narrowed down to become more achievable.
8. It explains differing findings.
9. It should be SMART.
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2021
MODULE 4
10. It answers the question “What and Why?”.
REFERENCES
Practical Research: A Step-by-Step Guidebook for the SHS and Beyond, Galanza et al, 2018.
Practical Research 1: An Introduction to Qualitative Research, Torneo et al, 2017
https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03Um62sQC5dUvxDdma_XvwM9c7Tow
%3A1600132747499&ei=ixZgX936HauHr7wP2fSGAo&q=list+of+research+titles+for+hotel+an
d+restaurant+management
https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/researchdesigns
https://www.le.ac.uk/oerresources/lill/fdmvco/module9/page_52.htm

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First Trimester, SY 2020 –

Welcome to the PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 Course offered by The University of

Enjoy and maximize the learning while in your own homes.

In this portion, a new lesson will be introduced. This section provides a

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

WRITING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL

After completing this chapter, you’ll be able to:

1. present and justify a research problem;

1. Nature of Research Proposal

Importance of Research Proposal

Help you to order your thoughts;

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

 Highlight the way in which each

Help you to order your thoughts;

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

 Highlight the way in which each

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

 Assist you in defining the

A good proposal should clearly and precisely indicate the following:

1. What do you want to know?

2. Why do you want to know it?

3. How will you be able to know this?

Structurally, the proposal contains the following parts:

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

IDENTIFYING RESEARCH TOPIC

Things to consider when identifying a research topic:

1. Importance of the research

2. Interest of the Researcher

3. Experiences of the Researcher

4. Scientific Literature or Other Theories

OBJECTIVE AND PROBLEM FORMULATION

Objectives answer the questions:

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

Research objectives should be S-M-A-R-T

What constitutes a good and bad problem statement?

Good problem statement Bad problem statement

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The Theoretical Framework

Figure 1. Theoretical Framework

The Conceptual Framework

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

Input Process Output Expected Outcome

Understanding Survey Financial Strategies and

Figure 2. I-P-O Framework

ACTIVITY I: TRUE OR FALSE

First Trimester, SY 2020 –

In writing a research proposal:

__________ 1. it is important to understand the impact of the field of study to the

__________ 3. it is important to show the worth of the study;

__________ 4. the objective should be supported by literature review;

__________ 6. a brief walkthrough of the methodology should not be included;

__________ 9. the principle of scientific soundness in mind shall be evident; and,

__________ 10. the topic should be researchable.

ACTIVITY 2: ALTERNATE RESPONSE

3. This usually includes a broad statement of the goal of the study.

4. This shows a need to attain a meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.

6. These are complex thoughts.

8. It explains differing findings.