General Mathematics

Grade 11

Chapter 4:
Exponential Functions
 Lesson 15: Module 7
Graphing Exponential
Functions
 Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

❑ represent an exponential function through its table

of values, graph, and equation;

❑ find the domain and range of an exponential function;

❑ determine the intercepts, zeroes, and asymptotes of

an exponential function
 Introduction:
❖ The graph of an exponential function is a
necessary tool in describing its behavior and
characteristics:
a) intercepts b) asymptotes and c) zeroes

❖ A graph can also provide insights as to real-

life situations that can be modeled by
exponential functions.
 Properties of Exponential
Functions
✓ The domain is the set of all real numbers.

✓ The range is the set of all positive real

numbers.

✓ It is a one-to-one function. It satisfies the

horizontal line test.
 Properties of Exponential
Functions
✓ The y-intercept is 1. There is no x- intercept.
✓ The horizontal asymptote is the line y=0 ( or
the x-axis). There is no vertical asymptote.
✓ The function is increasing if base is
greater than 1 (b > 1) and decreasing if
base is greater than zero and less than
one (0 < b <1).
 Steps to consider in graphing
an Exponential Function
1. Construct a table of values of ordered
pairs for the given functions.
2. Plot the points found in the table.

3. Connect the point using a smooth

curve.
 Example 1
𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 .
1. Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given
functions.

𝒙 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) 1 2 4 8
𝟖 𝟒 𝟐
 Solution:
1. Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given functions.
𝒙 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) 1 2 4 8
𝟖 𝟒 𝟐

𝒙 = −𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟐 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙=𝟎 𝒙=𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐−𝟑 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐−𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐−𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 𝟎 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 =2
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟑 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝒙=𝟐 𝒙=𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟑
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟖 𝟒 𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 =𝟒 𝒇 𝒙 =𝟖
 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 .
2. Plot the points found in the table.
 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 .
3. Connect the point using a smooth curve.
 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐 .
Domain: set of all real numbers

Range: set of all positive real

numbers
y intercept :𝒚 = 𝟐𝟎 𝒚 = 𝟏

Horizontal asymptote: 𝒚 = 𝟎
The function 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 is
increasing because the base
is 2 and greater than 1 (b > 1).
 Example 2
𝟏
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = ( )𝒙 .
𝟐

1. Constrct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given

functions.

𝒙 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) 8 4 2 1
𝟐 𝟒 𝟖
 Solution:
1. Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given functions.
𝒙 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
𝟏 𝒙 𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 =( ) 𝒇(𝒙) 8 4 2 1
𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐 𝟒 𝟖

𝒙 = −𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟐 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙=𝟎 𝒙=𝟏
𝟏 −𝟐 𝟏 −𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 =( ) 𝒇 𝒙 =( ) 𝒇 𝒙 = ( )𝟎 𝒇 𝒙 =( )
𝒇 𝒙 = ( )−𝟑 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟏
𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =𝟏 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟑 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟏 𝟐
𝒙=𝟐 𝒙=𝟑
𝟏 𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 =𝟖 𝒇 𝒙 =𝟒 𝒇 𝒙 =𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = ( )𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 = ( )𝟑
𝟐 𝟐𝟏
𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟒 𝟖
 𝟏 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = ( ) .
2. Plot the points found in the table. 𝟐
 𝟏 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = ( ) .
𝟐
3. Connect the point using a smooth curve.
 𝟏 𝒙
Graph the function 𝒇 𝒙 = ( ) .
𝟐
Domain: set of all real numbers
Range: set of all positive real
numbers
y intercept : 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟎 𝒚 = 𝟏
There is no x intercept.
Horizontal asymptote: 𝒚 = 𝟎
𝟏
The function 𝒇 𝒙 = ( 𝟐)𝒙 is decreasing
because the base is greater than zero
and less than one (0 < b <1).
 Steps to consider in graphing
an Exponential Function
1. Construct a table of values of ordered
pairs for the given functions.
2. Plot the points found in the table.

3. Connect the point using a smooth

curve.
 Exercises
Graph and write your observations on domain, range, intercepts,
zeroes and asymptotes for the following exponential functions:

𝑥 1 𝑥
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 3 2. 𝑓 𝑥 = ( )
3
 Evaluation:
A. Sketch the graph of the following exponential
functions:
𝑥+2
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 2. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥−1
B. Give their domain, range, y- intercepts and
asymptotes.