NON ISOLATED HIGH GAIN DC-DC
CONVERTERS
Gautham Venkat Venkateswaran
B.tech student, EEE department
SASTRA UNIVERSITY
Tanjavur, India
gauthamvenkat12@gmail.com
Abstract—The objective of this project is to design an efficient,
high gain non isolated DC-DC converter. The proposed design has
two sections: The primary section and the secondary section. The
primary section comprises of a two level interleaved boost con-
verter. The secondary section consists of a flyback converter.The
proposed design is simulated and the modes of operation are
analysed.
Index Terms—boost converter, interleaved, flyback converter.
I. I NTRODUCTION
There is a continuous increase in the human population and
this increase is not linear but in fact exponential, consequently,
there is an ever-increasing demand for energy. But with the
increase in pollution and the depletion of energy resources,
there is now a need for us to turn to renewable energy sources
(RES). The problem with RES is that the output from energy
resources like the solar cell or fuel cell is minimal and do not
meet our standards of consumption of energy. Thus with the
help of power electronic converters, it is possible to increase
the output of RES.Conventional DC-DC converters like Boost
or Buck-Boost on their own do not have a high gain and have
to be worked at a high duty ratio, which is not practical and
efficient. Converters such as flyback or push-pull could be
used to attain high gain values [1]-[3]. The drawback of this
topology being that it would introduce voltage spikes and high
power dissipation. It can be countered using a snubber circuit,
but that in turn would require additional driver circuit and add
to the cost of converter design [4].
Cascading converters as suggested in [5]-[10] in order to
obtain the required high gain, but this would increase the
complexity, introduce a high current ripple and add to the
cost of the converter design. While it is possible to increase
the converter duty ratio, it would induce large current ripple,
high conduction losses and cause severe diode reverse recovery
problems [11], [12]. The topologies discussed in [13]-[18]
introduce the concept of interleaved converters. Interleaving is
a powerful tool that keeps the input current at a manageable
level and increases the efficiency, while still maintaining good
power density.Interleaving allows the design to be upgraded to
a higher power by the proper selection of power components.
It also ensures reduced input and output ripple.
This paper proposes an efficient, high gain non isolated DC-
DC converter design for high power applications. The circuit
Girish Ganesan R
AP III, EEE department
SASTRA UNIVERSITY
Tanjavur, India
girish.ganesan90@gmail.com
consists of a combination of a flyback converter and inter-
leaved boost converter. The modes of operation are analysed
and the converter design is simulated using LTSpice software.
II. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The proposed design has two sections. The primary section
comprises of a two stage interleaved boost converter and the
secondary section consists of a flyback converter. Fig.1 shows
the power circuit diagram of the proposed converter.
It consists of three inductors L1, L2, and L3 of which L1
and L3 are magnetically coupled, three diodes D1, D2 and
D3, two capacitors C1 and C2, and two n-MOSFET switches
S1 and S2.
III. MODES OF OPERATION
The above circuit is operated at 50 per cent duty cycle as
a result of this, the circuit has two modes of operation as
discussed below.
Mode 1: S1 ON, S2 OFF Gate pulse is provided to switch
S1. Switch S2 is OFF during this period. Inductor L1 charges
to Vin during this period as a result Diode D1 is reverse biased
. Diode D2 is forward biased, hence inductor L2 Discharges
through D2 into C2. Diode D3 is reverse biased during this
period. Capacitor C1 discharges through the load causing the
output voltage waveform to drop. Fig.2. shows operation of
circuit in mode 1.
Mode 2: S1- OFF, S2- ON During this mode, switch S1 is
OFF and switch S2 is ON. Diode D1 turns ON and Inductor
L1 discharges into Capacitor C2 through D1. Inductor L3
charges Capacitor C1 through Diode D3. Since C2 and C1 are
charging, there is an increase in output voltage. L2 charges to
Vin. Fig.3. shows operation of circuit in mode 2.
IV. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
The overall gain of the proposed converter design is the sum
of the gain from the interleaved boost converter in the primary
circuit, the flyback converter in the secondary circuit and the
N-stage voltage multiplier cell.
The design of passive in the circuit can be obtained from
conventional Boost and flyback converters. The overall gain
of the proposed converter is found to be:
Vin (n ∗ D) + 1
= (1)
Vout 1−D
 V. SIMULATION RESLUTS
The proposed converter design is simulated for the ratings
and values mentioned above using LTSpice. The relevant
waveforms are captured and analysed. It is seen that the
proposed converter confirms to the design equations presented
previously and is a viable alternative to achieve the required
gain.
Output voltage and current waveforms are depicted in
Figure 4. and the output power is calculated as 181W at 90.56
V. Figure 5. shows the input voltage and current waveforms.
Input power is calculated to be 184W. The designed converter
Fig. 1. Power Circuit Diagram
functions at an efficiency of 98 per cent. Figure 6. shows that
voltage and current stresses on the components are well within
the acceptable limits.

Fig. 2. Mode 1
Fig. 4. Input Current and Voltage Waveforms

Fig. 5. Output Current and Voltage Waveforms

Fig. 3. Mode 2

where n is the turns ratio corresponding to the flyback

converter. The value of the Critical Inductance is calculated
from the formula:
(D ∗ (1 − D)) ∗ R
Lcritical = (2)
2∗f
The design specifications are:
Input Voltage Vin= 24 V, Expected Output Voltage Vout =
96V,
Output Power Pout= 200W, Operating Frequency f= 50hz,
It is proposed that the converter should be operated at a duty Fig. 6. Capacitor Voltage Waveforms
cycle of 50 per cent, in order to provide the required gain.
 [9] Non-linear dynamic behaviours of DC cascaded converters system with
multi-load converters-Fan Xie, Bo Zhang , Dongyuan Qiu, Yanwei Jiang,
IET Power Electronics, ISSN 1755-4535 Received on 18th March 2015,
Revised on 21st August 2015, Accepted on 13th October 2015 doi:
10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0193
[10] Non-linear dynamic behaviours of DC cascaded converters system with
multi-load converters-Fan Xie, Bo Zhang , Dongyuan Qiu, Yanwei Jiang,
IET Power Electronics, ISSN 1755-4535 Received on 18th March 2015,
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