Post task - Final activity

Individual work format

Student name: Gilberto Ruiz Rincon

Group 203058_1
Identification number
1016043276

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería
Teoría Electromagnética y Ondas
2020 16-04
 Exercises development

Activity
Application exercises:
For the development of the following exercises, note that ¿ corresponds to the
group number and CCC to the last 3 digits of the identification number.
1. An electromagnetic wave of f =CCC MHz is transmitted from the bottom of a
ship to a receiver located at p=1 Km depth. The wave is emitted with an
advance angle of a=(5+ ¿)° . Determine the time it takes for the wave to
reach the receiver.

Figure 1: wave propagation in open media.

Image recovered from https://www.ee.co.za/article/new-economics-marine-
environmental-monitoring.html

For development, follow the following steps:

a. Calculate the tangent of losses tan(δ )=σ /ω ε .
σ σ
tan δ= =
ω ε 2 πf ε r ε o
δ =angulo de perdida
Sea water:
 σ ( 4 s/m)
tan δ= =
ω ε 2 π ( 286∗10 Hz )∗80∗8.8542∗10−12 C 2 /N∗m 2
6

σ (4 s /m)
tan δ= =
ω ε 0.485105
tan ( δ )=8.2456
( δ )=tan−1=(8.2456)
the tangent of losses tan ( 83.085° )

b. Classify the behavior of the medium.

c. Calculate the propagation parameters of the wave γ , α and β .

a. Propagation constant γ (gamma)

j=imaginary part .
γ ¿= √ jwμ ( σ + jwε ) ; formula
γ ¿= √ j2 πfμ ( σ + j2 πf ε r ε 0 ) ;
We clear the formula;
√ j 2 π ( 286∗106 Hz )∗1.2566∗106 N ∗ 4 s + j2 π ( 286∗10 6 Hz ) 80∗8.8542∗10−12 C2 ;
γ ¿=
A2 ( m N m2 )
d. Calculate the propagation speed of the V p wave. V p=ω/ β
 e. Calculate the distance d between the ship and the receiver. d=P /cos ( a ) .
f. Based on V p and d determine the time t of the route. d=t∗V p

Attention, for the calculations:

1. Replace your values (with units) in the equation.
2. Perform the operation on a virtual scientific calculator. *
3. Paste the calculator image into the report.
4. Write the answer with your units.
If the image is not included, the exercise rating is 0 points.
* You can use https://www.geogebra.org/scientific

Interpretation: according to the concepts explored, explain the meaning

of the value obtained for tan ( δ )and t .
2. From an airplane, which is h 1=1250 m high, a communication signal
f =CCC MHz is emitted to a submarine that is h 2=800 m deep, the angle of
incidence of the signal on the sea surface is a=(5+ ¿)° . Determine the time it
takes for the signal to reach the submarine. Note that Co=3 x 108 m/ s.

Figure 2: wave propagation in bounded open media.

Image recovered from https://byjus.com/physics/characteristics-of-sound-
wavesamplitude/
For development, follow the following steps:
a. Calculate the distance between the plane and the point of incidence at
sea d 1=h1 /sen ( a ).
h1
sen ( a )=
d1
h1
d 1=
sen(a)
1250 m
d 1=
sen(78 °)
d 1=1277.92 m
 1250
sen (78)

= 1277.9257435812867

b. Calculate the velocity of propagation of the wave V p 1 in the air (V p 1=Co/n

), where n is the refractive index of air.

Co=velocidad de la luz
3∗108 m
Co=
s
n=indice de refraccion=1.0002926
3∗108 m
Co s
V p= =
n 1.0002926
V p = 299912245 *108 m/s

c. Using Snell's Law, calculate the angle of refraction of the wave in the
sea.

n1 sin ( θ1 )=n2 sin ( θ 2 )

n sin ⁡(θ1 )
sin ( θ2 ) = 1
n2

Sen ( θ1 )=n 1∗Sen ¿¿ ¿

Remplazo los datos:

n1 =aire ; 1.0002926

n2 =agua del mar ;

V p 1.5538832=¿ 107 m/s

c
n=
vp

V p=2.99912245∗108 m/s

3∗108 m/s
n2 =
1.5538832∗10 7 m/ s

n2 =1.930647∗101
θ1=90° −12°

θ1=78 °
 n1∗Sen(θ 1)
Sen ( θ2 )=
n2

1.0002926∗Sen(78 °)
Sen ( θ2 )=
1.930647∗101
Sen ( θ2 )=0.050679

( θ2 ) =sen−1 (0.050679)
( θ2 ) =2.904 °

d. Calculate the distance between the point of incidence in the sea and the
submarine.
h2 =800 m
( θ2 ) =2.904 °
h2
d 2=
cos ⁡(a)
800 m
d 2=
cos ⁡(2.904 ° )
d 2=801.028m

e. Calculate the propagation speed of the wave V p 2 at sea (take V pfrom

exercise 1).
V p=1.5538832∗107 m/s
f. Based on V p 1 and d 1 determine the time t 1of the first path (t 1=d 1 /V p 1).
x=t∗v
V p=2.9991∗108 m/s
d1
t=
vp
1277.92 m
t=
2.9991∗108 m/s
t 1=4.2610∗10−6 s
g. Based on V p 2 and d 2 determine the time t 2of the second path (t 2=d 2 /V p 2).
x=t∗v
d 2=801028m
V p 2=1.5538832∗107 m/ s
d
t= 2
vp
801.028 m
t=
1.5538832∗107 m/s
t 2=5.155007∗10−5 s
 h. Calculate the total time of the route t=t 1+ t 2.
t=4.2610∗10−6 s+5.155007∗10−5 s
t=5.581107∗10−5 s
Attention, for the calculations:
1. Replace your values (with units) in the equation.
2. Perform the operation on a virtual scientific calculator. *
3. Paste the calculator image into the report.
4. Write the answer with your units.
If the image is not included, the exercise rating is 0 points.
* You can use https://www.geogebra.org/scientific

Interpretation: according to the concepts explored, explain the meaning

of the value obtained for V p 1 ,V p 2 and t .

3. A lossless transmission line has a characteristic impedance of Z 0=75 Ω, a

length of L=5 m and is excited by a signal of f =500 MHz. The line is connected
to an antenna with load impedance Z L =(45+ j 45)Ω. Taking into account that
V p=3 x 107 m/s, calculate:
a. Wavelength λ .
b. Electrical length l .
c. Input impedance Z¿ .
d. Reflection coefficient Γ (magnitude and phase).
e. VSWR.
f. Check the results c, d and e with the Smith 4.1 software.

Figure 3: Transmission line.

Attention, for the calculations:
1. Replace your values (with units) in the equation.
2. Perform the operation on a virtual scientific calculator. *
3. Paste the calculator image into the report.
4. Write the answer with your units.
If the image is not included, the exercise rating is 0 points.
* You can use https://www.geogebra.org/scientific
 Interpretation: according to the concepts explored, explain the meaning
of the value obtained for Z¿ , Γ and VSWR .

References

Reference 1:

Examples of reference formats:

Physical book.
Surname, A., & Surname, B. (Year). Title of the book. (pp. xx-xx). City,
Country: Editorial.

Chapter of a physical book.

Surname, A., & Surname, B. (Year). Title of the chapter or the entry. Title of
the book (pp. xx-xx). City, Country: Editorial.

EBook.
Surname, A. (Year). Title of the book. (pp. xx-xx). Country: Editorial.
Retrieved from http: // ...

Chapter of an electronic book.

Surname, A., & Surname, B. (Year). Title of the chapter or the entry. Title of
the book (pp. xx-xx). City, Country: Editorial. Retrieved from http: // ...

Internet video.
Surname, N. (Year). Title of the video Video server [Video]. Retrieved from
http: // ...