Elicit:

Review.
1. What is our body composed of? (It is composed of the major organs.)
2. Do these major organs work together? (Yes, They work together to make the body function properly.)

3. Transition: Today, we will learn about two of the major body organs.

Engagement:
4. Tell the pupils to follow your instructions. Say: Simon says… (do some movements, ask the pupils to
touch their toes, arms high, bend knees, etc.)
5. Finally, let them pretend that they have no bones.
6. After the activity, start the lesson by asking the following questions:
What would we look like if we have no bones in our body?
What parts of your body do you use in doing different actions like clapping, standing, bending and others?

Exploration:
1. Divide the class into three groups.
2. Introduce the activities. Let them do the following activities:
Group 1: LM Activity 1-A “What is the function of the backbone?”
Group 2: LM Activity 1-B “What is inside the skull of the chicken?”
Group 3: LM Activity III “What are the bones that protect the internal organs?”
Group 4: LM Activity II-A “How muscles, joints, and bones work together?”
3. Let each group answer all the questions in their assigned activity.
4. Guide the pupils as they perform the activity particularly on the handling of cooked chicken head.
Pupils will remove the flesh from the head. Let them cut slowly the chicken head lengthwise. (Closely
supervise pupils who are working with knives.)

Explanation:
1. Ask a representative of a group to share their answers and results of the different activities.
2. Ask how do you feel about the activity?

Activity I-A
1. Was the paper doll able to stand on its own? Why? (No, because it had no support.)
2. What role did the wire play when it was attached to the paper doll? (The wire served as the support of
the paper doll.)
3. What happened when you bent the wire in different directions? (It can be bent in different directions.
Bones or backbone.)
4. Can you feel the backbone of your partner? (Answer varies)
5. What role does the backbone offer in bending? (It maintains structure and form and support body from
falling.)

Activity I-B
1. Describe what is inside. (It is very soft.)
2. Base on its texture, why must it be covered or protected? (It is very delicate.)

Conclusion: The bones support the body and protect the internal organs.

Activity III. A. ribcage B. skull C. backbones D. pelvic bones

1. What are the bones that protect the internal organs?
2. Which set of bones protects the lungs and liver? (ribcage)
3. What organ is protected by the skull? (brain)
4. What is function of pelvic bones? (Support the body when you sit?)

Activity II-A
1. How many bones are involved in the movement? (Two or more bones are involved in movement.)
2. Are the bones connected to each other? (Yes.)
3. What covers these bones? (They are covered with muscles.”
4. How do muscles help the bones to move? (They expand and contract to help the muscles move.)
5. In summary, describe how the bones, muscles, and joints work together to help you move. (Joints
lessen the impact of two or more bones. Muscles expand and contract to aid movement of two or more
bones. Bones provide support for movement.)

3. Discuss the bones, joints, and muscles. Then ask guide questions for comprehension.
4. Ask the following:
What are the important bones in our body? (Skull, ball-and-socket joints, ribs, pelvic bones, etc.)
What is the function of skull? Ribs? Ball-and-sockets? Backbones? (The skull helps protect the brain. Ball-
and-socket joints are the ones found in our shoulder and hip joints. The backbones protect the spinal
cord. The ribs form a protective cage around the heart and lungs. The pelvic bones support our body
when we sit.)
How are bones connected? (The bones in our body are also connected with each other. The point where
two bones meet and connect is called joint. Our joints and muscles allow our bones to move. The
movements of our body originate in our joints.)
What are the functions of muscles? (Muscles enable our body to move. They also give shape and forms to
our body and protect delicate organs.)

Elaboration:
1. Group the pupils, and ask them to perform a dance step of their choice.
2. Ask them to prepare a list of set of bones that works together as they dance.
3. What is the importance of the bones, joints, and muscles working together? (Joints lessen the impact of
two or more bones. Muscles expand and contract to aid movement of two or more bones. Bones provide
support for movement.)

Evaluation:
Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer and write it on the space provided.
1. Which of the following is not a function of the bones?
a. movement
b. support
c. protection
d. excretes
2. Which set of bones protects the lungs and heart?
a. skull
b. ribs
c. pelvic bones
d. back bones
3. It allows you to bend knees.
a. muscles
b. joints
c. femur
d. tendons
4. It protects major organs of the body.
a. brain
b. bone
c. hearts
d. muscles
5. Which of the following is not a function of the muscles?
a. lessens the impact of two or more bones
b. expand and contract to aid movement of two or more bones
c. allows our body to move
d. works with bones and joints

Extend:
1. Let the pupils demonstrate the good posture in standing, sitting, picking objects on the floor.

Activity 1: “What are the functions of the bones?”

Objective:
Describe the functions of the bones.

What you need:

Paper doll, masking tape, piece of wire

What to do:
Activity I-A “What is the function of the backbone?”
1. Prepare a paper doll on a piece of paper and cut it.
2. Let the paper doll stand on the table.
3. Attach the paper doll to the wire using a masking tape.
4. Now, find a partner (girl to girl/boy to boy) and ask him/ her to feel his/her backbone.
5. Now, find a partner (girl to girl/boy to boy) and ask him/her to bend slightly and feel his/her
backbone.

Guide Questions:
1. Did the paper doll stand on its own? Why?
2. Did the paper doll stand when it was attached to the wire? Why?
3. What role did the wire play when it was attached to the paper doll?
4. What did you feel at the center back of your classmate?
5. Describe what you feel.
6. How is it similar to the wire that you attached to the paper doll?
7. Base from your model, what maybe the function of the backbone?

Activity I-B. “What is inside the skull of the chicken?”

What you need:
Cooked chicken head and knife

What to do:
1. Remove the flesh of the chicken head and then wash it thoroughly.
2. Feel the skull. Identify and describe what you felt.
3. Open the skull with a knife carefully. Observe what is inside the skull. (Do this under your teacher’s
supervision.)
4. Feel and describe what is inside it.

Guide questions:
1. What is inside the skull of the chicken?
2. Draw what you have observed?
3. Describe what is inside.
4. Base on its texture, why must it be covered?

Activity 3: “What are the bones that protect the internal organs?”

Objectives:
1. Name the bones that protect the internal organs.
2. Identify and explain the functions of the bones in the body.

What you need:

Illustration of the skeleton

What to do:
1. Slide the palm of your hand from your forehead across the top of your head and down just above the
back of your neck.
2. Look at your shoulder, and your bones at the base of your neck at the mirror.
3. Feel the bones under your arm and down under the side of your body using your fingers. Can you feel
the bones of your body?
4. Inhale deeply and touch your bones in your chest.
5. Have a classmate stand straight. Feel the bones in the middle of his/her back. Press gently the bones at
the back. Let him/her bend forward and backward, to the left and to the right.
6. Put your hands around your waist and feel the bones of your hips.
7. Identify the bones you have just felt. Write the names of the bones (Refer to the illustration below.)

Guide Questions:
1. What are the bones that protect the internal organs?
2. Which set of bones protects the lungs and liver?
3. What organ is protected by the skull?
4. What is the function of the pelvic bones?

Activity 2: “How do bones and muscles allow us to move?”

Activity II-A “How muscles, joints and bones work together?”

Objectives:
1. Recognize the importance of the bones and muscles to one’s body.
2. Explain how bones and muscles are connected and move.
3. Describe how the body moves in coordination with the bones and muscles.
What to do:
Perform the given activities below.
a) Bend forward, then raise your arms sideward.
b) Turn your head from left to right.
c) Sway your hips.
d) Bend your knees.
As you do the given activities, feel the bones affected by all the movements performed.

Guide Questions:
1. How many bones are involved in the movement?
2. Are the bones connected to each other?
3. What covers these bones?
4. How do muscles help the bones to move?
5. In summary, describe how the bones, muscles, and joints work together to help you move.