STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL

STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC)

• Statistical process control (SPC) is a method of quality control

which uses statistical tools
• SPC is applied in order to monitor and control a process
• SPC can be applied to any process where the "conforming
product" (product meeting specifications) output can be
measured
• It is used to ensure the continuous improvement in quality of
the products, services and productivity in the workforce
CONTROL CHARTS :
• Control charts are also known as Shewhart charts (after Walter A.
Shewhart) or process-behavior charts

• Control charts are the tools in SPC, used to determine if a

manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control.
Question :
A manufacturer produces digital watches. Every 2 hours ,a sample of six
watches is selected randomly to be tested. Each watch is run for exactly
15 minutes and is timed by an accurate , precise timing device. Because
of the variation among watches, they do not all run the same. Shown
here are the data from eight different samples given in minutes. Use
these data to construct chart and R chart. Observe the results and
comment on whether the process is in control
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4
15.01 15.03 14.96 15
14.99 14.96 14.97 15.01
14.99 15.01 14.96 14.97
15.00 15.02 14.99 15.01
14.98 14.97 15.01 14.99
14.99 15.01 14.98 14.96

Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8

15.02 15.02 15.03 14.96
15.03 15.01 15.04 14.99
14.99 14.97 15.03 15.02
15.01 15.00 15.00 15.01
15.02 15.01 15.01 14.98
15.01 14.99 14.99 15.02
Formulas used:
Calculation :
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4

15.01 15.03 14.96 15

14.99 14.96 14.97 15.01

14.99 15.01 14.96 14.97

15.00 15.02 14.99 15.01

14.98 14.97 15.01 14.99

14.99 15.01 14.98 14.96

Mean 14.99 15.00 14.98 14.99

Range 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.05

Contd..
Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8

15.02 15.02 15.03 14.96

15.03 15.01 15.04 14.99

14.99 14.97 15.03 15.02

15.01 15.00 15.00 15.01

15.02 15.01 15.01 14.98

15.01 14.99 14.99 15.02

Mean 15.01 15.00 15.02 15.00

Range 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06

Control Charts : Interpretation
X bar chart

15.03

15.02

15.01
Sample Mean

15

14.99

14.98

14.97

14.96
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
sample
 R chart

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05
Range

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Sample
THANK YOU