Cardiff University ● School of Engineering ● 2019/20 Online Assessment

Module Number(s): ENT501 / ENT515R

Module Title(s): APPLIED NUMERICAL METHODS IN
ENGINEERING:
Start time: 9am UK (BST), 24 August 2020
Nominal (Total) Duration: 2 hours (3 hours total inc upload time)

In case of queries and emergencies during the assessment, email:

ExamsACE@cardiff.ac.uk

Submit your pdf solutions file before the end of the total duration by:
Uploading as a single pdf in module ENT501 /ENT515 on Learning Central, in the ‘Online
Assessment’ sub-folder under ‘Summer Online Assessment’.
If you think the upload did not work, then email to ExamsACE@cardiff.ac.uk

Structure of Take-Home (write, scan, upload) Assessment:

 There are 5 pages including this page.
 There are 4 questions in total.
 There is 1 appendix included within the paper.
 The maximum mark for the examination is 100 and the mark obtainable for a
question or part of the question is shown in brackets alongside the question.

Instructions for completing the assessment:

 Answer ALL questions.
 If you are unsure that the information required to answer a question is provided, then
continue with the question whilst making clear in your answer what engineering
assumptions you have made, and why they are reasonable.
 First page: only write the module number, date and your student number.
 Subsequent pages: write the module number, student number at the top of each page
and number in sequence.
 Use black/blue ink and dark pencils, on white paper (ruled or unruled).
 Before the end of the total duration, allow time to use Microsoft-Lens (or equivalent
software) to scan your solutions using any suitable device.
 Make sure the pages of your solutions are in the correct order and orientation.
 Save the scan as a pdf, having a filename only containing the module number followed
by your student number (eg ENXxxxc1645678) and then upload.

Notice to students:
 This is an “open book” assessment, you may make use of any resource
 The use of calculators / computers is permitted
 You are expected to work without communication with any other person
 By submitting your solutions, you declare that your submission (and all the material
contained in it), is your own work, and you have not shared it with anyone else
 The examiners reserve the right to further question you, if necessary, in the form of a
viva, so you can further explain the answers provided in your submission. The
University’s plagiarism detection software may also be used to check originality of, and
any collusion in, the submitted work.
 By submitting your solutions, you declare you understand that deceiving, or attempting
to deceive, the examiners by passing off the work of another as your own is
plagiarism. You also declare that you understand that plagiarising another's work, or
knowingly allowing another student to plagiarise from your work, is against University
Regulations and that doing so will result in loss of marks and disciplinary proceeding

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 Module Code: ENT501 /ENT515R

Equation Sheet

y j 1  y j  xf ( x j , y j )

x
y j 1  y j  [ f ( x j , y j )  f ( x j 1 , y j 1 )]
2

Numerical Integration

n=2, Location  1 / 3 Weight = 1.000

n=3, Location  0.77459 Weight = 0.55556

0.000 0.88889

2
 Module Code: ENT501 /ENT515R

Question 1

The stiffnesses of the springs are given in Nmm1 in Fig. 1. Nodes 1 and 4 are fixed, i.e.
u1  u 4  0 . The applied forces at nodes 2 and 3 are indicated in Newton. Use Finite Element

Concepts and Methods to determine the unknown nodal displacements u 2 and u3 and the

unknown nodal forces F1 and F4 , and check if the solution is correct.

Fig. 1
[20 Marks]

Question 2

The position x of a moving javelin and its velocity v in the horizontal direction can be
described by the following simultaneous equations

dx
v
dt
dv
 0.3v
dt

When t=0 s, the initial position is x(0)  x0  0 m and the initial horizontal velocity is
dx
v(0)  v0   50 m/s. If it takes 3 seconds for the javelin to touch the ground, use
dt t  0
the Improved Euler’s Method and take 3 steps (i.e. t  1 second) to calculate the whole
distance x(3) that the javelin has gone during the 3 seconds.
[20 marks]

3
 Module Code: ENT501 /ENT515R

Question 3

a) A real four-node element and the associated Master element are shown in Fig. 2.
The nodes A, B, C, D of the real element correspond to the nodes 1, 2, 3, 4 of the
Master element, respectively. The shape functions for the four-node element are
given below.

1 1
N 1 ( , )  (1   )(1   ) N 2 ( , )  (1   )(1   )
4 4
1 1
N 3 ( , )  (1   )(1   ) N 4 ( , )  (1   )(1   )
4 4

Obtain the Jacobian matrix for point   1 / 2 ,   1/ 2

J J 12   x /  y /  
J   11 
 J 21 J 22  x /  y /  
(12 Marks)

b) For the master element point (0.5 , 0.5) , find the co-ordinates (x, y) of the
corresponding point in the real element.

(10 Marks)

Fig. 2

c) Use numerical integration to evaluate the following expansion

1
 1
(12 5  10 4  4 3  6 2  2  1)d ,
and check your answer using analytical method.
(10 Marks)

Total for question 3: [32 marks]

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 Module Code: ENT501 /ENT515R

Question 4

A thin uniform metallic rod, with a length of 80 cm, is isolated except for its two ends. At
t  0 , the temperature of the rod is 10 0 C and the boundary conditions are fixed for all
times at T ( x  0cm) 00C and T ( x  80cm)  1000C . The temperature distribution along the
rod is governed by

T  2T
D 2
t x
where D  8cm / s .
2

a) Develop an explicit scheme for this equation, with x  20cm .

(8 marks)

b) Use the above explicit scheme and x  20cm to determine the temperature at
x  40cm and t  40s .
(8 marks)

c) Develop an implicit scheme and use x  20cm to determine the temperature

at x  40cm and t  40s .

(12 marks)

Total for question 4: [28 marks]

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End of online assessment