CRITICAL REASONING

DIRECTIONS for the question: Answer the question based on the information given.
Question No. : 1 Many business offices are located in buildings having 2-8 floors. If a building
has more than 3 floors, it has a lift. If the above statements are true, which of the following
must be true?

A. 2nd floors do not have lifts

B. 7th floors have lifts
C. Only floors above the 3rd floors have lifts
D. All floors may be reached by lifts

DIRECTIONS for the question: Answer the question based on the information given.
Question No. : 2 "Some men are definitely intelligent, others are definitely not intelligent, but
of intermediate men, we should say, 'intelligent'? Yes, I think, so or no, I shouldn't be inclined
to call him intelligent."
Which of the following reflects the intention of the writer well?

A. To call men intelligent who are not strikingly so must be to use the concept with undue
imprecision
B. Every empirical concept has a degree of vagueness
C. Calling someone intelligent or not depends upon one's whim
D. There is no need to be as indecisive as the writer of the above

DIRECTIONS for the question: The question is based on a situation. Read the situation and
answer the question that follows.
Question No. : 3 Between 1960 and 1970, ivory poachers in the African nation of Zinbaku
killed over 6,500 elephants. During that period, the total elephant population in Zinbaku fell
from about 35,000 to just under 30,000. In 1970, new anti-poaching measures were
implemented in Zinbaku, and between 1970 and 1980 over 800 poachers were arrested and
expelled from the country. Nevertheless, by 1980, the elephant population in Zinbaku had
fallen to about 21,000.
Which of the following, if true, would best help to explain the apparent paradox presented
above?
 A. The poachers arrested in Zinbaku between 1970 and 1980 were rarely sentenced to long
prison terms
B. Because of highly publicized campaigns against the slaughter of elephants, demand for
ivory fell between 1970 and 1980
C. The elephant population in neighbouring Mombasa rose slightly between 1970 and
1980
D. In Zinbaku, between 1970 and 1980, thousands of acres of forest, the elephant's natural
habitat, were cleared for farming

DIRECTIONS for the question: Refer the following and answer the question that follows:
If highways were restricted to cars and only those trucks with capacity of less than 8 tons, most
of the truck traffic would be forced to run outside highways. Such a reduction in the amount of
truck traffic would reduce the risk of collisions on highways.
Question No. : 4 The conclusion drawn in the 1st sentence depends on which of the following
assumptions?

A. The roads outside highway would be as convenient as highway for most drivers of
trucks..
B. Most of the roads outside highways are not ready to handle truck traffic.
C. Most trucks that are currently running in highway have a capacity of more than 8 tons.
D. Cars are at greater risk of being involved in collisions than are trucks.

DIRECTIONS for the question: Answer the question based on the information given.
Question No. : 5
A highly cohesive work group is a prerequisite for high team performance. Sociologists point
out that the association between success and group cohesion owes to the support individual
team members give to one another and their acceptance of the group's activities and goals.
Each of the following, if true, either supports or cannot weaken the sociologists' assumption
about the relationship between success and cohesion EXCEPT

A. A group of Japanese researchers found that the successful work teams were led by
dominant leaders
B. University researchers found that there was a significant correlation between team
productivity and the extent to which team members understood and complied with the
group's objectives
 C. American researchers found that successful team members tended to rate their fellow
members more favourably
D. Industrial Psychologists of UK found that work groups who tended to participate in
after-hours social activities were more productive

DIRECTIONS for the question: Answer the question based on the information given.
Question No. : 6 There are numerous reasons why individuals want to run their own
businesses. Some foresee more personal satisfaction if they succeed in launching their own
business, while others are mainly interested in the prospect of larger financial rewards. Since
1980s and early 1990s, tax regulation and liberal policies have encouraged increasing number
of venture capitalists and entrepreneurs to start new enterprises. Since 1990, one and a half
million new ventures have been started. Not all have succeeded.
The above statement makes which of the following assumptions?

A. Success in starting a new business largely depends on sound financial planning

B. Venture capitalists are motivated by non-monetary gains
C. Social incentives motivate investors just as much as financial rewards
D. None of these

DIRECTIONS for the question: Refer the following and answer the question that follows:
If highways were restricted to cars and only those trucks with capacity of less than 8 tons, most
of the truck traffic would be forced to run outside highways. Such a reduction in the amount of
truck traffic would reduce the risk of collisions on highways.
Question No. : 7 Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn
in the second sentence?

A. Highways are experiencing overcrowded traffic mainly because of sharp increases in

car traffic
B. Many drivers of trucks would rather buy trucks with a capacity of less than 8 tons than
be excluded from highways.
C. The number of collisions that occur near highways has reduced in recent years
D. Trucks that have a capacity of more than 8 tons cause a disproportionately large number
of collisions on highways
DIRECTIONS for the question: Choose the best/correct answer from the answer choices
given.
Question No. : 8 Offshore oil-drilling operations involve an unavoidable risk of an oil spill,
but importing oil on tankers presently involves an even greater such risk per barrel of oil. So,
if we are to lessen the risk of an oil spill without reducing our oil usage, we must invest more
in offshore operations and import less oil on tankers.
Which of the following, if true, seriously weakens the argument above?

A. Importing oil on tankers is currently less expensive than drilling for it offshore.
B. Tankers can easily be redesigned so that their use entails less risk of an oil spill.
C. The impact of offshore operations on the environment can be reduced by careful
management.
D. Oil spills caused by tankers have generally been more serious than those caused by
offshore operations.

DIRECTIONS for the question: Choose the best/correct answer from the answer choices.
Question No. : 9 In terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), rural households have more
purchasing power than do urban and suburban households at the same income level, since some
of the income urban and suburban households utilize for food and shelter can be utilized by
rural households for other needs. Which of the following inferences is best supported by the
statement made above?

A. All three types of households, urban, suburban, and rural, spend more of their income
on housing than all other purchases combined.
B. Rural households have lower housing and food costs than do either urban or suburban
households.
C. The median income of suburban and urban households is generally more than that of
rural households.
D. The average rural households include more people than does the average urban or
suburban holds.

DIRECTION for the question: The question is based on a passage or a set of conditions.
Select the best answer from the answer choices numbered (1), (2), (3) and (4) given.
Question No. : 10 In contrast to the earlier predictions, demand for sugarcane has not risen in
recent years, yet, even though production amounts and price have also been stable during the
last 3 years. Last year, sugarcane growers increased their profits by more than 10 percent over
the previous year’s level.
Any of the following statements, if true, about last year, helps explain the rise in profits
EXCEPT:

A. Many sugar factories that are large consumers of sugarcane increase their production
of sugarcane-based ethanol, yet their overall consumption of sugarcane decreased.
B. Rainfall in sugarcane-growing regions was higher than it had been during previous
year, allowing the growers to save money on expensive artificial irrigation.
C. Sugarcane growers have saved money on wages by switching from paying labourers a
daily wage to paying them by the amount harvested.
D. Many small sugarcane growers joined together to form an association of sugarcane
producers and began to buy supplies at low group rates.