foundational understanding of what agile leader means. But before we do that, let me explain what I mean when I say traditional leader. A traditional leader is a person with a fixed mindset who manages teams and organizations in a linear, rigid way within a command and control framework. That was a lot of information in one sentence. Let's take it apart. A traditional leader has a fixed mindset. A fixed mindset is the belief that individual qualities and traits do not change. In an organizational sense it translates into this belief that transformation is impossible. A traditional leader is a person who manages in a linear, rigid way, by relying in policies and procedures, using the top-down approach, and by basically telling people what to do. A traditional leader manages teams within the command and control framework. Since this type of leader usually has a well-defined plan, they expect individuals on their team to follow it. This approach leaves little room for creativity, innovation and collaboration. Individuals are usually assigned specific tasks and work in close functional groups with minimal to no interaction with one another. Now, let's summarize the key attributes of a traditional leader. A traditional leader has a fixed mindset. They're risk averse. They have command and control management style. They are uncomfortable with change. They see themselves as an expert. They're closed to other's input. They rely more on individuals than teams. They direct others, and they're also predictable. In the next lesson, we will cover a key characteristics and definition of an agile leader. I'll see you there.