Similar To Federal Discovery Rules

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Similar to federal discovery rules, Section 2016.

090 requires that parties participating in this procedure “shall


supplement or correct a disclosure or response […] [i]n a timely manner if the party learns that in some material
respect the disclosure or response is incomplete or incorrect and the additional or corrective information has not
otherwise been made known to the other parties during the disclosure or discovery process.”

Interrogatories expedite the resolution of lawsuits in a variety of ways. For instance,


they provide an effective means of detecting false, fraudulent and sham claims and
defenses which might otherwise be hidden behind evasive language in an adept
pleading. If a claim or defense is sham, or there is no triable issue as to a particular
fact, answers to interrogatories may be employed to support a motion for summary
judgment or a motion to specify those issues which are without substantial
controversy. (See Code Civ. Proc., § 437c; DeSuza v. Andersack (1976) 63 Cal.App.3d
694, 698 [ 133 Cal.Rptr. 920]; see e.g. Leasman v. Beech Aircraft Corp. (1975) 48
Cal.App.3d 372 [ 121 Cal.Rptr. 768] .

Interrogatories also enable counsel to evaluate the reasonable value of claims and
defenses thereby encouraging prompt settlements, Interrogatories also serve to
facilitate preparation for trial by providing a means of securing evidence and
evidentiary leads. Once counsel ascertains that certain facts are established, he can
focus on other aspects of the lawsuit.  (2) Answers to interrogatories are admissible
at trial against the answering party. Thus, they serve to prevent equivocation by the
other party and tend to safeguard against surprise.

Answers to interrogatories are admissible for the purpose of impeachment. (Code Civ. Proc., §§ 2030,
subd. (c) and 2016, subd. (d); 2 DeMeo, Cal. Deposition and Discovery Practice (1975), § 9.01(54).)
However, it has been held that answers to interrogatories will not prevent a party from relying on
subsequently discovered facts. ( Singer v. Superior Court (1960) 54 Cal.2d 318, 324-325 [ 5 Cal.Rptr.
697, 353 P.2d 305].) Indeed, in the absence of significant prejudice to the opponent, a party may
present evidence at variance with prior answers to interrogatories. ( Castaline v. City of Los Angeles,
supra, 47 Cal.App.3d 580, 591; Weiss v. Baba (1963) 218 Cal.App.2d 45, 50 [ 32 Cal.Rptr. 137].)
Thus, where the answers revealed specific injuries, the injured party may be allowed to testify
concerning additional injuries which are not wholly inconsistent with specific injuries revealed in the
prior answers. ( Milton v. Montgomery Ward Co., Inc. (1973) 33 Cal.App.3d 133, 139-141

Interrogatories relevant to the subject matter are permissible including questions


which might possibly lead to the discovery of admissible evidence or information
which would be helpful in preparing for the trial of a particular cause. ( Sav-On
Drugs, Inc. v. Superior Court, supra, 15 Cal.3d 1, 7, Pacific Tel. Tel. v. Superior
Court, supra, 2 Cal.3d 161, 172. See, generally, Louisell Wally, Modern Cal.
Discovery (2d ed. 1972) §§ 5.01-5.17; 2 DeMeo, Cal. Deposition and Discovery
Practice (1975) § 9.01; Cal. Civil Discovery Practice (Cont.Ed.Bar 1975) ch.
8;  Powers, A Guide to Interrogatories in California Practice (1975) 48 So.Cal.L.Rev.
1221.)

"[I]nterrogatories shall be answered separately and fully . . . under oath . . . objections


thereto may be stated by the party addressed in lieu of response." (Code Civ. Proc., §
2030, subd. (a); italics added.) (As amended in 1978.)

(4) Verification of the answers is in effect a declaration that the party has disclosed all
information which is available to him. If only partial answers can be supplied, the
answers should reveal all information then available to the party. If a person cannot
furnish details, he should set forth the efforts made to secure the information. He
cannot plead ignorance to information which can be obtained from sources under his
control. (See Cal. Civil Discovery Practice, supra, § 8.48; 2 DeMeo, Cal. Deposition
and Discovery Practice, supra, § 9.01(41); 4A Moore's Federal Practice, §
33.26; Milner v. National School of Health Technology  (E.D.Pa. 1977) 73 F.R.D.
628, 632; Harlem River Con. Co., Inc. v. Associated G. of Harlem, Inc. (S.D.N.Y.
1974) 64 F.R.D. 459, 463.) (5) Parties, like witnesses, are required to state the truth,
the whole truth, and nothing but the truth in answering written interrogatories.
( Hunter v. International Systems Controls Corp. (W.D.Mo. 1972) 56 F.R.D. 617,
631.) Where the question is specific and explicit, an answer which supplies only a
portion of the information sought is wholly insufficient. Likewise, a party may not
provide deftly worded conclusionary answers designed to evade a series of explicit
questions. ( In re Professional Hockey Antitrust Litigation (E.D.Pa. 1974) 63 F.R.D.
641, 650-654.)

Holding that dismissal was proper sanction under Rule 37 where respondents failed to
answer interrogatories for seventeen months

Summary of this case from Carpenter v. City of Flint Holding that sanctions are intended
"not merely to penalize those whose conduct may be deemed to warrant such a
sanction, but to deter those who might be tempted to such conduct in the absence of
such a deterrent"

Summary of this case from Xyngular Corp. v. Schenkel


Holding that the "extreme sanction of dismissal" was appropriate as the respondents'
"flagrant bad faith and their counsel's callous disregard of their responsibilities"
warranted dismissal

Summary of this case from Trowery v. O'Shea


Holding that case-dispositive sanctions "must be available to the district court in
appropriate cases, not merely to penalize those whose conduct may be deemed to
warrant such a sanction, but to deter those who might be tempted to such conduct in
the absence of such a deterrent."

Summary of this case from Mkhitaryan v. U.S. Bancorp

Holding that "the extreme sanction of dismissal was appropriate in this case by reason
of respondents' `flagrant bad faith' and their counsel's `callous disregard' of their
responsibilities," despite the likelihood that if the dismissal order was reversed, the party
would promptly comply with future discovery orders

Summary of this case from Marcelle v. American National Delivery, Inc.


Holding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing action when
plaintiffs failed to answer interrogatories on time, and failure to supplement inadequate
original answers was deemed to be in bad faith

Summary of this case from Taylor v. Bar MT LLC

Holding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing action when
plaintiffs failed to answer interrogatories on time, and failure to supplement inadequate
original answers was deemed to be in bad faith

Summary of this case from Arredondo v. Flores


Holding that 17 months of unanswered interrogatories combined with flagrant bad faith
and callous disregard was ample justification to dismiss as a necessary deterrent

Summary of this case from Borom v. Town of Merrillville


Holding that dismissal or default judgment as a sanction for discovery violations serves
the dual purpose of punishing the offending party and deterring future litigants from
similar misconduct

Summary of this case from PML North America, LLC v. Hartford Underwriters Ins.

Holding that respondents failed to comply with discovery orders in a timely and
adequate fashion " and concluding that the extreme sanction of dismissal was
appropriate in this case by reason of respondents' ‘ flagrant bad faith’ and their
counsel's ‘ callous disregard’ of their responsibilities."

Summary of this case from McDowell v. the Government of the Dist. of Columbia


Holding that the sanction of dismissal should be utilized where there has been evidence
of "flagrant bad faith"

Summary of this case from Welch v. Alexis


Finding that the district court properly considered the full record of the case in
determining that Rule 37 sanctions were warranted against the disobedient party and
their counsel for failure to comply with discovery orders

Summary of this case from KCI U.S., Inc. v. Healthcare Essentials, Inc.


Finding that extreme sanction of dismissal was appropriate due to respondents' flagrant
bad faith and their counsel's callous disregard of responsibilities

Summary of this case from Wysocki v. Dourian

Finding that extreme sanction of dismissal was appropriate due to respondents' flagrant
bad faith and their counsel's callous disregard of responsibilities

Summary of this case from Greene v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.


Finding that extreme sanction of dismissal was appropriate due to respondents' flagrant
bad faith and their counsel's callous disregard of responsibilities

Summary of this case from Clasberry v. Albertson's LLC

Nat'l Hockey League v. Met. Hockey Club


Holding that dismissal was proper sanction under Rule 37 where respondents failed to answer
interrogatories for seventeen months427 U.S. 639 (1976)
96 S. Ct. 2778
49 L. Ed. 2d 747

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