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Heat Intro
Heat Intro
Thermal Energy
Temperature
Heat transfer
HEAT vs. Temperature
In everyday language, temperature,
heat, and thermal energy are used to
describe the same idea.
In reality these concepts are very
different!
KMT
Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
1. Matter is made up of particles that are in
constant motion. This motion gives the
particles kinetic energy (Ek)
KMT
Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
2. Particles exert attractive and repulsive
forces that keep them a certain distance
apart. These forces give the particles
potential energy (Ep)
Ep
Temperature
Temperature is a measure of the average
kinetic energy of the particles.
Lower ET Higher ET
Fewer particles More particles
Thermal Energy
Which has a greater temperature?
Higher ET Lower ET
More particles Fewer particles
Heat
Heat is the flow of Thermal Energy from
an object of HIGH temperature to an object of
LOW temperature
HIG Low
HTem Temp
p
Heat Transfer
Thermal energy can be transferred by one
of three possible methods:
Convection
Energized Non-Energized
Molecules Molecules
Conduction Radiatio
n
RADIATION
the transfer of energy in the form of
electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic
Electromagnetic waves
waves
PARTICLE collisions
Convection
the transfer of thermal energy through the
movement of particles in a FLUID (liquid or gas)
Convection
as the fluid cools, the
that part of the fluid particles lose energy,
becomes less dense move closer together,
and rises the fluid becomes more
dense and falls