REVIEWER IN LESSON 5: THE POLITICAL SELF AND LESSON 6: THE DIGITAL SELF

Lesson 5: The Political Self Leadership Style

1. Autocratic leadership
The Meaning of Politics
- directive, non-participative, and domineering
● Greek word Politiká = ‘affairs of the cities’
2. Democratic leadership
● Process of making decisions that applies to all members of a group
- participative, communicative, egalitarian

Two Types of Social Influence (Deutsch and Gerard, 1955) 3. Laissez-faire leadership

1. Normative Influence - ‘hands-off’ leadership

- conforming to the positive expectations of others

Leader’s Description
2. Informational Influence
1. Transactional leaders
- accepting the information obtained from others
- gives followers something in exchange for something the leaders want

Leadership (Myers, 2015) 2. Transformational (charismatic leaders)

● process by which certain group members motivate and guide the group - focuses on organizational needs that are placed above self-interest

● small groups = family, classroom, school 3. Laissez-faire leaders

● large groups = government, international affairs - ‘non-leadership,’ avoid making decisions

● effective leaders = self-confident charisma, ability to communicate,

Open Space Technology (OST)
optimist and have faith in their group
- is an event format used in meetings of 5 to 2,000 people, invented by
 REVIEWER IN LESSON 5: THE POLITICAL SELF AND LESSON 6: THE DIGITAL SELF

Harrison Owen in 1985 Developing a Filipino Identity: Values, Traits, Community and

- approach to purpose-driven leadership which initially has no formal Institutional Factors

agenda but eventually leads to a specific or important purpose or task Three main traits that underlie the Filipino values:

- means of influencing others through techniques of persuasion 1. Pakikipagkapwa-tao

- operates on four principles and one law 2. Family-oriented

3. Mapagmahal
Principles of OST
= these traits greatly influence Filipino behavior and decision-making
1. Whoever comes are the right people.

2. Whatever happens is the only thing that could have happened.  Studies shown that Filipino are known for flexibility, adaptability and

3. Whenever it starts is the right time. creativity = diskarte

4. When it’s over, it’s over.  Filipinos have an ability to find joy and humor in everything.

 Another unique feature of Filipino culture is the use of 'po' and 'opo.
The Law of Two Feet (Harrison Owen's Law)

● “When you find yourself neither learning nor contributing, use your two Establishing a Democratic Culture

feet and go to some more productive places.”

 Culture = bahavior and patterns of a particular group of people that are

passed on from generation to generation. (Santrock, 2015)

 REVIEWER IN LESSON 5: THE POLITICAL SELF AND LESSON 6: THE DIGITAL SELF

 Pagiging madasalin = one of the values Filipino adapted from the - Culture as an instrument of social and political reform and

spaniards modernization

 Filipinos are known to be very hardworking and strive to make life

- Promotion of true democracy through cultural expression
better for the next generation.

Article on Democracy and Cultural Expression (Francisco, 2015) Cultural Expression

- Philippines has been ruled in the past by elite families and capitalist in  use of all media sources as the arts, the press, and the internet in order to

terms of economics and politics. sustain a set of core values, of national interest that cut across family, class,

and region.
- True democracy cannot be achieved without a balance in economics and
 Democracy is a process rather than a product.
social structure

- The voice of Philippine democracy lies within the middle class who had

been primed by education to values freedom of though and expression.

- They have the desire but also the means - through education and

entrepreneurship - to change the future.