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Chapter 1 Physical Quantities and Units
Chapter 1 Physical Quantities and Units
2
TERM 3 20 Wave Motion 23 Wave Optics
19 Oscillations 1 x Interference O
ax
For SHM, ïa = Z 2 x ( Z 2 = positive constant) Period, T v fO I 2S ( )
f O D
F = ï kx ( k = positive constant) O
2S where f = frequency, v = velocity, O= 6LQJOH VOLW GLIIUDFWLRQ VLQ
a
for 1st minimum
Angular frequency, Z wavelength, I = phase difference
T 'LIIUDFWLRQ JUDWLQJ G VLQ n Q ; highest order nmax
Period, T = 1/f Equation of progressive wave d
”
Displacement, x x0 sinZt x 2S O
y a sin(Zt r x) intensity of transmitted polarized wave I = Io cos2
dx O
Velocity, v Zx0 cos Zt (+) for negative Ox=direction and Speed of light c =
1
dt (-) for positive Ox-direction H o Po
Acceleration, a Z 2 x0 sin Zt Z 2t 1
Wave Intensity, I v a2 v 2 Interference O
ax
2 2 r D
Velocity, v rZ x0 x (where I = intensity, a = amplitude, r =radius O
6LQJOH VOLW GLIIUDFWLRQ VLQ for 1st minimum
Total energy, E = U + K of sphere) a
1 Principle of Superposition: 'LIIUDFWLRQ JUDWLQJ G VLQ Q highest order nmax
mZ 2 ( x02 x 2 )
n
Kinetic Energy, K = Displacement of y at the point due to two
2 d
waves, y y1 y2 ”
1 O
Internal Energy, U = mZ 2 x 2 Standing wave equation intensity of transmitted polarized wave I = Io cos2
2 2S
1 y (2a cos x) sin Zt
Total energy, E = mZ 2 x02 O 24 Quantum Physics
2
hc
dU 2 21 Sound Waves Energy of photon E = hf =
Force, F = ï = ï mZ x O
dx Fundamental frequency
(LQVWHLQ¶V SKRWRHOHFWULF HTXDWLRQ
Spring-mass system , Along a stretched spring
v 1 1 T (unit: Hz) hf = W + 1 mv max
2 where
m e f0 2
Period, T = 2S 2S 2l 2l 2l P work function W = hfo ; fo = threshold frequency
k g
v v 1 2 = eV ; V = stopping potential
Vibrating air column, f 0 mv max s s
l O0 4l 2
Simple pendulum, T 2S
g v v h h
Tube open at both ends, f 0 de Broglie wavelength: =
p mv
1 g O0 2l
Simple pendulum, f
2S l Intensity level, E
I
25 Nuclear Physics
10 log10 dB
(l = length of pendulum, I0 Work function, hf = Ef - Ei
g = acceleration due to gravity)
(where I = intensity of sound, hc
1 k Shortest wavelength, min =
Spring-mass system, f I0 1 u 10 12
Wm 2) eV
2S m %UDJJ¶V /DZ: 2d sin = n
(k = force constant, m = mass of load Beat Frequency, f ( f1 f2 ) E = mc2 ; m = mass defect
Torsional pendulum, T 2S I Doppler Effect: dN ln2
Radioactivity, - ON ; Half life T½ =
C Apparent frequency, v r u0 dt O
f' ( )f
v # us N = No e- W 1 n
= ( ) No where n = no of half life
2
22 Geometrical Optics Reaction energy, Q = [(Mx + mx) (My + my)]c2
r
f=
2
refraction at curved surface,
n1 n2 n 2 - n1
u v r
1 n 1 1
OHQV PDNHU¶V IRUPXOD, ( 2 - 1 )( )
f n1 r1 r2
1 1 1
lens formula,
f u v
3
STPM Physics Syllabus
10 Thermodynamics Of Gases
10.1 Heat Capacity
10.2 Work Done by a Gas
10.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
10.4 Isothermal and Adiabatic Changes
11 Heat Transfer
11.1 Conduction
11.2 Convection / 11.3 Radiation / 11.4 Global
warming