International Geology Review

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Bavenite from Transbaykal

G.N. Komarova , V.A. Moleva , E.S. Rudnitskaya & M.T. Dmitriyeva

To cite this article: G.N. Komarova , V.A. Moleva , E.S. Rudnitskaya & M.T. Dmitriyeva
(1968) Bavenite from Transbaykal, International Geology Review, 10:2, 135-142, DOI:
10.1080/00206816809474863

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206816809474863

Published online: 04 Sep 2009.

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 Bavenite from Transbaykal

G.N. Komarova, V.A. Moleva, E.S. Rudnitskaya and M.T. Dmitriyeva

ABSTRACT: Accumulations of fine platy crystals of bavenite, colorless or white, often with inclu-
sions of graphite, were discovered in an albitized garnet skarn, in a geological environment in which
the mineral, a relatively high-temperature metasomatic replacer of phenacite and feldspar, is defi-
nitely not an end-stage product of a hydrothermal process. --IGR Staff.
***
Bavenite, a calcium-beryllium aluminos G. Switzer and L. Reichen (18) established
alumosilicate of calcium and beryllium, is a that pelinite, a mineral from Sileziya, discovered
comparatively rare mineral. It has a complex in 1876 and related in the Shtrunets tables to
history of study, an important aspect of which asbestos-like vesuvium, is a bavenite containing
is its chemical composition. Bavenite was dis- 5. 52% Be0. They suggested the following for-
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covered in 1902 by Artini in 13aveno (Italy). At
that time beryllium was not found in it. In 1932
bavenite was found in California; chemical analy-
sis revealed that it 'contained 2. 67% Be0. In
1941 information concerning two analyses (Grill,
1941) of this mineral from Baveno was published.
These analyses revealed 3. 12 and 2. 48% Be0.
In 1946 bavenite was found in the Soviet Union
by E. I. Kutukova in the lzumrudnyye Mines
(Ural). In her article (4) two chemical analyses
are listed, which show 6. 33 and 6. 60% Boa
Bavenite was finally discovered in other regions
of the Soviet Union, and in other countries —
Australia, Czechoslovkia, etc. Bavenite from
Australia was first thought to be duplexite, a
new mineral similar in composition to bavenite
(19). Two chemical analyses indicated that the
Be0 content was 7. 14 and 7. 72%.
Variations in chemical analyses prompted the
assumption of the existence of the bavenite-
mula for it, acknowledging the mutual replace-
ment of Al and Be in the framework of the min-
eral: (Be, A1)4Ca4(SiO3)9 • x H20. A. A. Beus
(1) submitted for bavenite the empirical formula
Ca4(Be, A1)4Si9026- n (OH)2+ n. He proceeded
from the conversion to calcium as an element
displaying stabler atomic numbers, and pro-
posed that water irrthis mineral has a hydroxyl
nature. The latter was pointed out by D. G. F.
Claringbull (15) even before that. A. A. Bens
also considered that the replacement of hydrogen
ions in the mineral by hydroxyl ions to compen-
sate for the assumed heterovalent isomorphism
of aluminum and beryllium was probable.
D. Ksanda and G. Mervin established in 1933
that bavenite crystallizes in a rhombic system,
and were the first to compute parameters of the
elementary nucleus (Â): ap = 9. 69, bp = 11. 55,
co = 4. 96. According to D. Claringbull the
parameters were: a0 = 19. 34, bp = 23. 06, about
-

duplexite mineral series in which Be0 content
varies from 2. 48 to 7. 72%.
M. Fleischer and G. Switzer (16) in an arti-
cle entitled "Problems of Bavenite" showed that
double the values computed by Ksanda and Mer-
vin. Parameter values ao, bo, co, similar to
the data of D. Claringbull were obtained by G.
Tarnovskiy and E. Vasil'ev, E. Belova and
others. L. Berry (13), on the basis of the cal-
.

the mineral from Australia, known as duplexite,
was identical to bavenite. In addition the Be°,
contents in the early analyses of bavenite from
Italy and California were erroneous and too lbw.'
In summing up the known and newly obtained data
on the chemical composition these authors con-
cluded from reliable analyses that the Be0 con-
tent varies from 5. 4 to 7. 7%. Fleischer and
Switzer also noted that the sum Al203+ Be0
changes very little in the various chemical anal-
yses. Consequently this came to be regarded
as one of the evidences of the mutual, replace-
ment of aluminum and beryllium in the bavenite
structure.
Translated from Bavenit iz Zabaykal'ya, Izvestiya,
1967, no 7, p. 57-66.. The authors are with the In-
stitute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, min-
eralogy, and Geochemistry, Academy of Sciences,
USSR, Moscow.
Internat. Geology Rev. v.10, no.2
culation of a powdergram, determined the values
for a, b, c, for ''pelinite" which matched the
data of Ksanda and Mervin.
: Bavenite is known in the following types' of
fields:
1. It is found in granite pegmatites, includ-
ing rare-metal and so called desiliconized peg-
matites. In certain cases it occurs as a distinct
pseudomorph of beryllium, and in others it is
found only in cavities and cracks, and is not
found as neogenic beryllium (12).
The most frequent minerals found in asso-
ciation with bavenite are potassium feldspars,
albite, chlorite, in addition to epidote, mica,
quartz, bertrandite, fluorite, lomonite, and
certain others. Age relations of bavenite are
indicated with only a few of these minerals.
Thus bavenite from Norway (17) is found in
paragenetic association with muscovite. Bavenite

135
 INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW

is found in Baveno "in a pegmatite druse" along
with more recent mica, epidote, and lomonite.
G. N. Tarnovskiy and E. K. Vasil'ev (11) point
out that bavenite forms in fissures of rare-
metal pegmatites after potassium feldspar and
replaces it. According to M. E. Yakovleva,
turbid potassium feldspar crystallizes along with
bavenite in the cavities of pegmatite. E. I. Kutu-
, Bavenite is encountered in the study of drill
kova points out the development of bavenite on
plagioclase in desiliconized pegmatite.
2: Bavenite has been described in garnet-
fluorite skarn in cavities of lixiviation along with
a brown fine flaky mineral (10). Small quantities
of helvite and beryllate are found in beryllium
minerals in the field.
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to which is related a complex system of skarn,
greisen, and other formations. It has been estab-
lished that during the process of albitization and
greisenization unusual feldspar and fluorite-
mica-metasomatites were formed along the
skarns (3).
holes in feldspar-metasomatic rock occurring
along a garnet-pyroxene skarn arid skarned
hornstones. Garnet is a principal mineral of
skarns in which bavenite is found. Pyroxene,
hornblende, epidote, and certain other minerals
are found in lesser quantities.
Fluorite and phenakite occur in extremely

fine-grain metasomatic feldspar rocks along

The authors stare the theory that "the earliest
source of beryllium for bavenite was helvite"
(10). The reference publication "Mineralogiya
Redkikh Elemenuov" (1964) states that bavenite
is formed on helvite.
3. M. I. Novikova (7) established the presence
of bavenite in the pneumatolytic-hydrothermal
field. It replaces beryllium, and is encountered
in intersecting streaks. It occurs as a cement
in zones of breccia. Sometimes a concretion of
bavenite with muscovite and biotite is observed.
In isolated cases bavenite is replaced by car-
bonate and chlorite.
with bavenite. • Inclusions of graphite, confirmed
by spectroscopy, by X-ray diffraction analysis,
and by microscopic examination of polished
microsections, are often found in the feldspar.
The feldspar grains have dimensions of fractions
of millimeter. Their twin structure is often ob-
served. The index of refraction of the feldspar
grains conforms with albite -oligoclase. The rock
is practically devoid of calcium feldspar.
Fluorite forms irregular, almost isometric,
formations. Phenakite is represented by a con-
cretion of prismatic crystals characterized by
spherulitic fading.

4. Bavenite is described by L. I. Simsnova In phenakite-fluorite-feldspar -metasomatite

(9) in fluorite calcite veins which develop after
- bavenite is found in the mass of the same rock
the formation of the stockwork of quartz veins in microcavities, and it is represented by ac-
with beryllate. The following age sequence of cumulations of thin lamellar crystals, some-
minerals is observed: calcite — fluorite — times forming fan-shaped concretions (fig. 1).
quartz — chlorite — zoisite. Beryllate is not There are no spherulitic fibrous formations such
present. as are often observed in bavenite of other fields.
These formations have dimensions which vary
5. Bavenite, of course, is known
(15) in twofields in Switzerland, which
are classified as alpine veins (17).

We know of a great number of dis-

coveries of bavenite frompegmatites.
Bavenite from other genetic types of
fields occurs only in isolated cases:
The formation of bavenite in pegma-
cites is usually related to a later stage
of the hydrothermal processes.

V. V. Mathias (6) suggested that

bavenite is of post-hydrothermal for-
mation, and points out that its occur-
rence in cavities of pegmatite is pos-
sibly supergenic.

The following geological conditions

are characteristic of the bavenite from
Transbaykal, described below. The
section is made up of lower Paleozoic
sedimentary-metamorphic rocks rep-
resented by a dolomite-limestone and FIGURE 1. Lamellar crystals of bavenite (white in. an
an essentially schist suite. They are albitized garnet skarn
pierced by granitoids of different ages, Magnification 7.5

136
 G.N. KOMAROVA, ET AL.
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FIGURE 2. Graphite (black) in bavenite.
Transparent microsection, magnification 90
from fractions of a centimeter up to 1 cm. The
crystals are colorless or white, transparent, and
have a glassy lusier. Cleavage is observed in
two directions.
The mineral is biaxial, positive, negative
elongation. Refraction indices, measured in
immersion fluids to an accuracy of ± 0. 002,
were as follows: Ng - 1. 587, Np 1. 578,
falling within the limits of those already known;
thus, according to published data, Ng for have-
nite varies from 1. 597 to 1. 533, and Np - from
1. 587 to 1. 578 (6); birefringence ranges from
0. 005 to 0. 010.
Specific gravity, determined 17 the micro-
method of V. S. Amelina, was equal to 2. -7
3 y
according to published data the specific gravit
of bavenite varies from 2. 71r2. 74.
Under the microscope we can Clearly see
that bavenite is developed metasomatically, re-
placing feldspar. The boundaries of bavenite
formations are usually irregular. Quite fre-
quently it contains spots and larger inclusions
of graphite, the quantity of which in some cases
is so great that bavenite has an almost black
color (fig. 2) when viewed without the aid of
the microscope. The graphite is apparently
relict, remaining during the replacement by
bavenite of graphite-containing feldspar meta-
somatite, formed on hornstone. Fluorite is
closely associated with bavenite. It is frequently
included in bavenite and is represented by crys-
tals of octahedral shape, specific for the asso-
ciation of bavenite in the given case.
The bavenite sphenakite relationship is as
follows. Joint growth of prismatic crystals of
137
phenalcite are often included in the bavenite and,
there is no visible evidence whatsoever of any
changes in the phenalcite crystals (fig. 3), in
some instances; but in.others, corrosion has
obviously taken place; prismatic crystals of
phenakite, included in bavenite, lose their rec-
tilinear shapes and acquire the looks of isolated
irregularly shaped inclusions '(fig. 4).
The relation Of baventte to feldspar, fluorite,
and phenalcite is alSo - qpite, clearly established
in microcavities. 'Zonal crystals of feldspar,
"brushes" of crystals of ,phenakite and fluorite,
sometimes overgrowing , the'phenakite / develop
on the walla of microcavities , The remaining
space of the cavities is„filled"witlrbavenite. If
bavenite and fIuorite'are rotind, in a cavity, the
latter is usually idiomorp'hic:,,- Thus bavenite is
formed after garnet, feldspar, and phenakite,
and replaces feldspar
, and henakit e. The re-
placement by ,ba.Venite of plagioclase and feldspar
in pegmatites, as we have shown above, has
been pointed out by other investigators. l'he
fact that bavenite and phenakite are located to-
gether in pegmatites was observed by M. E. Ya-
kovleva (12), but their relationship was not de-
scribed.
Bavenite developed in feldspar metasomatite
is also associated with sericite, in addition to
the other specified minerals. Sericite, a fine
flaky colorless mica similar to muscovite, vig-
orously replaces the feldspar of the rock. Bave-
nite is replaced by sericite only to an insig-
nificant degree. Apparently the basic mass of
sericite was formed somewhat earlier than have-
nite, although there are known cases where a
muscovite-sericite aggregate was formed after
bavenite.
 INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW
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FIGURE 3. Spherulitic aggregate of fine-prismatic crystals of

phcnakite in bavenite (light gray).
Transparent microsection, magnification 90

FIGURE 4. Relicts of phenakite (light gray) in bavenite (dark gray).

Transparent microsection in crossed nicols, magnification 290

There is a later, with respect to bavenite
and sericite, complex of minerals represented
by fluorite, chlorite, and calcite. These min-
erals are found in the interstices between la-
mellar, occasionally broken, crystals of bave-
nite. Calcite partially corrodes bavenite. The
bavenite described was studied thermally, spec-
trally, chemically, and by X-ray diffraction
analysis, as well as by infra-red spectroscopy.
The curves of the heating and weight changes
of bavenite are shown in Figure 5, where it is
compared with the corresponding data for Talas-
skiy bavenite as reported by L. I. Simonova.
The differential curve of heating of the material
shows two endothermic effects. One of them
appears at a temperature of about 800, and the
other at over 900° . At about these temperatures
on the temperature-weight curve (fig. 5) there
are two changes in the weight of the mineral.
In the first case the weight loss of the mineral
is about 1. 6-1. 8%, and in the second — about
2%. The weight losses of bavenite obtained by
the temperature-heat method are in general

138
 G.N. KOMAROVA, ET AL.

conformity with the calcination losses observed

during chemical analysis. The latter indicates
765 0 945 ° that bavenite contains about 2% dissolved calcium
oxide extracted by hydrochloric acid treatment,
92 and related to an admixture of calcite. In con-
sideration of this the endothermic effect in the
8000 region should be attributed to the admixture
of calcite. This is confirmed by the infra-red
spectrum of bavenite taken at 820 0 (fig. 7). The
— 3,6% band of about 1440-1450 cm -1 , corresponding to
— Z3% carbonate, is missing in it. However it was
- observed in the spectrum of bavenite when heated
?,0 100 „700 500 700 900 /WO"
to only 700 0 .

A comparison of the heating curves contained

FIGURE 5. Curves of heating and weight change in literature with the curve obtained for the
of bavenite
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Transbaykal bavenite shows that this mineral

1 - bavenite from Transbaykal is characterized by an endothermic effect at
2 - bavenite from Talasskiy-Alatau about 900-1000 ° , which is related to the losses
of high-temperature water. It occurs in all
curves, sometimes displaced in the direction
of increased or decreased temperature. On the
heating curves provided by E. Kutukova and K.
Vlasoviy, and also by G. Tarnovskiy and E.
Vasil'ev, an exothermic effect is also observed
at 350-380 ° , which probably is attributed to the
admixture of other minerals.

a The chemical analysis of bavenite is repre-

sented in Table 1.

Traces of gallium and copper, thousandths

of a percent of titanium, hundredths of a percent
05 of antimony, magnesium and strontium, and
tenths of a percent of sodium were determined
by spectral analysis.
05
0, The conversion of the analysis of the bavenite
T2 — Be under consideration produced the following em-
pirical formula of the mineral: Ca4Be2.5A11.5 -
Si9025.5(OH)2. 5. On the basis of 12 chemical
analyses derived from the literature, variations
FIGURE 6. Projection of 1/6 elementary nucleus
of the content of the principal components of
of bavenite onto plane (ac) bavenite are listed in Table 2. From Table 2

37 35 35 34 17

FIGURE 7 . Infra-red spectra of the absorption of bavenite

1 - original specimen ; 2 - heated for 1 hr at 820 0 ;

3 - heated for 1 hr at 930"

139
 INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW

TABLE 1. The chemical composition of bavenite

Atomic Number of
Content, % Molecular
Components Quantity of Atoms of
by Weight Quantity
Oxygen Cations

S10 2 55.60 57.77 9628 1.9256 8.96

Al 2 0 3 7.54 7.83 1534 2301 1,43
Fe2 0 3 0.26 -- -- --
TiO 2 0.10 __ -- -- --
Be° 6.32 6.57 2628 2628 2.44
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CaO 26.36 25.31 4520 4520 4.20

Calcination 4.00 2.52 2800 1400 2.60
losses*

Total 400,18 100,00

* 1,57 % consisting of CO2 from calcite occurring as an admixture.

TABLE 2. Variations in the contents of the principal TABLE 3. Interplaner distances (d a ) of

components of bavenite baven i te (FeK a -emission, 2 R - 57.3;
d = 0.6)

% Weight % Wei ht
Components Components (from gto)
(from -to)
Bavenite Ba enfte

1 da I da
CaO 23.l0----25.60 Be0 5.4 -- 7.66
Si0 2 55.25-59.66 Al 2 0 3 +Be0 14.12-16.83
Al 2 0 3 6.46-- 9.88 H 2 0 1.44-- 3.25 2 4.87 1 1.6062
2 4,13 1 1.5843
1 3.83 5 1.5666
we see that the smallest variations in the contents of 9 3,72 1
the principal components are established for CaO, 2 3.55 1 1.5070
which was observed by other investigators, and the 9 3.32
largest - for Si02 which exceeds 4%. There are 8 3.22 4 1.4789
also variations in the Al203 + Be0 and in the water 8 3.08 1 1.4536
content. 10 3.03 1 1.4255
4 2.82 2 1.4179
lp 2.64 3 1.3959
X-ray diffraction data in the determination of in-
5 2.543 7 1.3211
terplaner distances of Transbaykal bavenite computed
2 2.479 7 1.3019
in consideration of corrections, based on NaCl as a
1 2.396 1 1.2819
standard, are listed in Table 3. A series of reflec- 3 2.291 1 1.2583
tions of the X-ray powder diagram display intensities Very weak 2.278 9 1,2517
which differ from the intensities of corresponding Not clear - 2 1,1986
reflections for bavenite studied by G. Tarnovskiy Very weak - 6 1,1807
and E. Vasil'ev, and also for bavenite from the » 6 1.1559
American Card Index (ASTM No. 6 - 0267). A di- » -- ' 2 1.1403
vergence in the intensities of ,several lines was also » .__ 5 1,1110
noticed by N. N. SmoryaninoVa and V. A. Moleva for 5 1.968 6 1.0880
bavenite from skarns of central Kazakhstan. Appar- 5 1.935 7 1.0757
ently it is attributed to variations in the chemical 5 1.9062 4 1.0690
composition of this mineral. The parameters of the 5 1.8411 3 1.0433
elementary nucleus were computed by X-ray photo- 5 1.8198 5 1.0190
graphs of rotation obtained from a monocrystal in 3 1.7543 Not 1.0098
the KRON-2 cell, and r efined by X-ray powder grams. 7 1.7315 clear 1.0001
For this purpose we used the indices listed in an 4 1.6583
3 1,6118
article by G. Tarnovskiy and E. Vasil'ev. The

140
 G.N. KOMAHOVA, ET AL.
following parameters of the elementary nucleus
for the Trans baykal bavenite were determined:
ao = 19. 32 (A); ho = 23. 21 (A); co = 4. 99 (A).
The number of molecules in the elementary
nucleus (Z) for the given parameters and a given
chemical formula is 4. Similar parameters for
bavenite and numbers of molecules in the ele-
mentary nucleus were obtained by Claringbull
(15) and Vasil'ev (11). For the dimensions of
the elementary nucleus, as determined by Ksanda
and Mervin, where the values of the parameters
a and v are half of the values of the parameters
which we computed, Z 1.
X-ray density a = 2. 748, e., somewhat
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greater than the density determined by the mi-
cro-method. Being the density of the ideal crys-
tal, the X-ray density is usually somewhat
greater than the density determined by other
methods.
In a recently published article pertaining to
the interpretation of the structure of bavenite
(14), the number of molecules in the elementary
nucleus was also 4, and the values of the param-
eters were determined by the values: a = 23. 19,
b = 5. 005, c = 19. 39 A, which coincides with
the values obtained for the bavenite sample
which we studied With consideration to the varia-
tion in the orientation of the crystals.
Bavenite has a shell-like structure, which is
produced if the tetrahedron of Be04 and A104
are included in the system of related tetrahedrons
in addition to the tetrahedrons of SiO4. The basic
feature of the structure are quadruple chains ex-
tending along axis b: one of these systems lies
in the plane of axes b and c, is made up of py-
roxene-like chains, and is distributed in the
plane of axes a and c. Within each system of
chains rings of connected tetrahedrons are
formed. Both systems of quadruple chains are
interconnected by a six-member ring lying in
the plane of axes a and c and formed by 4 tetra-
hedrons of silicon, one of beryllium, and one
of aluminum (fig. 6). Two of oxygen (one in the
tetrahedron of Be04(08), and the other in the
tetrahedron of SiO4(02)) are free, and at these
points of the shell breaks are formed. One
hydrogen atom is connected to oxygen 08 of the
beryllium tetrahedron, forming a hydroxyl group.
Thus one OH group is always associated with the
beryllium tetrahedron.
With the ratio of Be and Al equal to one, they
occupy independent positions in the structure.
When this ratio exceeds one, the excess Be may
be distributed in the T4 tetrahedrons, occupying
the position of Al. In this case Be is also ac-
companied by an atom of hydrogen which appar-
ently is distributed in the space around 02,
where there is sufficient room for this, and
forms hydroxyl groups.
The infra-red spectrum of absorption of the
141
bavenite investigated is similar in form and dis-
tribution (fig. 7, 1) to that obtained by I. I. Plyus-
nina (8) who observed that in comparison with
other beryllium-containing silicate spectra,
bavenite occupies a somewhat unique position.
The position of basic and more clearly displayed
maximums in the infra-red spectrum around 1440-
1450 cm - I corresponds to an admixture of car-
bonates.
As we may see from Figure 7 and Table 4,
the band of molecular water is missing in the
spectrum of bavenite, and only the bands belong-
ing to the OH group are present. The presence
of the pyroxene-like chains and rings in the
bavenite structure determined the infra-red
spectrum of this mineral, since the position of
the basic band corresponds to the boundaries in
which the basic band of pyroxenes and amphiboles
lie (5). The formation of rings during the com-
bination of chains is reflected in band 747 cm - I
and apparently, bands 650-658 cm -1 (8). Accord-
ing to the structure obtained for bavenite and
related to the Be04 tetrahedrons, the hydroxyl
groups produce two bands, .one of which (3547-
3548 cm - 1) should correspond to the OH groups
related to the strictly beryllium tetrahedron,
and the other of which (3620 cm -1 ) apparently
corresponds to those hydroxyls related to beryl-
lium occupying the position of Al in the structure.
TABLE 4. The locations of bands in the spectrum
of baveni te, cm -1
Prism of LiF Prism of NaC1 Prism of Eak
3620 w 1125 1 650 w
1090J - 605w
3547 1 av 1000 1 568 w
3538 J 970 f vs 528
878 av v
510 1 a
815 vs 493
747 a:NT 445 s
Note: Brackets indicate that the given band is
in the form of a doublet or triplet; vw - very
weak; w - weak; av - average; s - strong; vs -
band of very strong intensity
The heating of the bavenite sample with the
subsequent photographing of the infra-red spec-
trum showed that its spectrum does not change
up to about 900 ° C (endothermic effect in the in-
terval 700-800 ° corresponds to the decomposi-
tion of carbonates contained in the original
specimen) which generally coincides with thermo-
graphic data. An endothermic effect is observed
at above 900'in the thermogram of bavenite.
The infra-red spectrum taken after heating to
930° , shows that the new substance obtained does
not contain hydroxide and differs from the
 INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW

original (fig. 7, 3). The basic band of the new Geologiya Mestorozhdeniy Redkikh Ele-
substance is similar in location to that which is mentov, Gostoptekhizdat, 1961, no. 9.
produced by cristobalite or tridymite.
8. Plyusnina, I. I., INFRA-RED SPECTRA OF
The bavenite under consideration is somewhat THE REFRACTION OF BERYLLIUM MIN-
similar in the geological conditions of its location ERALS: Geokhimiya, 1963, no. 2.
to the bavenite from the skarns of Kazakhstan
and from Ural plagioclasites. As a whole it 9. Simonova, L. I., BAVENITE FROM CENTRAL
occupies a different geological position. The ASIA: Mineraly SSSR, no. 16, Izd. Nauka,
described bavenite is developed as a metasomatic 1964.
mineral on phenakite-feldspar-metasomatite,
which in turn replaces garnet-pyroxene skarn 10. Smolyaninova, N. N. and V. A. Moleva, THE
and skarn hornstone. It is characterized by a DISCOVERY OF BAVENITE IN SKARNS
lamellar structure, and it is similar to the Ural OF THE BATYSTAU FIELD (CENTRAL
bavenite in chemical composition. KAZAKHSTAN): Materialy po Geologii
Rudnykh Mestorozhdeniy, Petrogr. Min-
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The bavenite which we have been investigating eralogii i Geokhimii, Izd. AN SSSR, 1959.
is a rather high-temperature mineral of no means
the final stage of the hydrothermal process, 11. Tarnovskiy, G. N. and E. K. Vasil'ev,
which testifies to the range of its formation, BAVENITE FROM PEGMATITES OF
found to be much broader than was thought. EASTERN SIBERIA: Zap. Vses. Mineral-
0g. 0-va, Part 93, Series 2, 1964, no. 1.
REFERENCES
12. Yakovleva, M.S. , TRANSFORMATION
1. Beus, A. A., THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF PROCESSES OF BERYLLATE: Tr. Min-
BERYLLIUM AND GENETICS OF BERYL- eralog. Muzeya, 1961, no. 12.
LIUM TYPE DEPOSITS: Izd. AN SSSR,
1960. 13. Berry, L. G., THE COMPOSITION OF BAVE-
NITE: American Miner, 1963, v. 48,
2. Vlasov, K. A., and E. I. Kutukova, EMERALD no. 9-10.
MINES: lzd. AN SSSR, 1960.
14. Canillo, E. and G. Fagnani, THE CRYSTAL
3. Kornarova, G. N., FLUORITE-MICACEOUS STRUCTURE OF BAVENITE: Acta Crys-
MINERALIZATION IN CARBONATE ROCKS tal, 1966, v. 20, Part 2.
OF TRANSBAYKAL, IN GEOLOGY OF ORE
DEPOSITS: Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozh- 15. Claringbull, G. F., THE OCCURRENCE
del-11y, 1965, v. VII, no. 1. OF BAVENITE IN SWITZERLAND: Miner.
Magaz. , 1949, v. 25, no. 168.
4. Kutukova, Ye. L, BAVENITE OF EMERALD
MINES: • Dokl. AN SSSR, nov. ser. , 1946, 16. Fleisher, M. and G. Switzer, THE BAVE-
v. 54, no. 8. NITE PROBLEM: Amer. Miner., 1952,
v. 38, nos. 11-12.
5. Lazarev, A. N. and T. F. Temsheva, THE
VARYING SPECTRA OF SILICATES, II, 17. Neumann, H. and T. L. Sverdrup, CON-
SPECTRA OF ENRICHED SILICATES WITH TRIBUTIONS IN THE MINERALOGY OF
A CHAIN ANION: Optika i Spektroskopiya, NORWAY: Norsk. Geologisk. Tidsskrift,
1961, v. 10, no. 1. 1959, B. 39, H. 4.

6. Mathias, V. V., DISCOVERY OF I3AVENITE 18. Switzer, G. and L. Reichen, THE RE-
IN PEGMATITES OF THE KOL'SKIY PEN- EXAMINATION OF PELINITE AND ITS
INSULA: Materialy po Mineralam Kol i IDENTIFICATION WITH BAVENITE:
-skogPluostrva,Izd.Korsk.FilAN Amer. Miner. , 1960, v. 45, no 7-8.
SSSR, 1959.
19. Rowledge, H. P. and J. D. Hauton, TWO
7. Novikova, M. I. , FEATURES OF BERYLLIUM NEW BERYLLIUM MINERALS FROM
MINERALIZATION IN ONE OF THE PNEU- LONDERRY: Roy. Soc. Western Austra-
MATOLITIC-HYDROTHERMAL F t ELDS: lia Jour., 1948, v. 33.
IGR/SM

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