‫‪CALIBRATION OF PRESSURE‬‬

‫‪Dr. Ramadan Meligy‬‬

‫‪Reported by:‬‬

‫أمير عبداللطيف عبدالرحيم محمد ‪1-‬‬

‫حسام شعبان عبدالعزيز ابوحلوة ‪2-‬‬

‫حسام محمد شوقي محمد ‪3-‬‬

‫حازم خالد كامل عبدالتواب ‪4-‬‬

‫جون جورج فتحي ذكي ‪5-‬‬

Abstract

The Importance of calibration is to reduce the errors in measuring different

variables at any shape. It also, give us high accuracy in results which are useful
to confirm our experiments. Pressure calibration output need to be compared
with primary standard or known source to confirm our results when the same
pressure is applied.

Introduction

Our topic will talk about the pressure calibration, specially the dead-weight
test. We will deep into this method of pressure calibration. The principle of
working, range of measuring and the construction are conclusions we will
discuss later. The procedures that occur inside this device are discussed later in
this topic.
Conclusion

DEAD-WEIGHT TESTER

The dead-weight tester is a device used to make balance between the fluid
pressure and weights, as the fluid pressure is a function of weight supported.
This device employed in static calibrations only, it is seldom to employed with
actual pressure measurement. Consider the schematic in Figure. 1, the cylinder
and the chamber of the tester is filled with clean oil by first moving the plunger
is in the most forward position, then it (the plunger) is slowly withdrawing
while the pressure is increased inside the chamber. The gauge tested is now
installed and the piston insert a force on the fluid (clean oil). The pressure can
change in case of different fluids or different dimentions for piston-cylinder
parts.
 Figure 1. schematic of Dead-Weight Tester

This device is a common laboratory standard for the calibration of pressure-

measuring devices over the pressure range from 0.01 to 10,000 psi. The viscous
friction between the piston and the cylinder in the axial direction may be
substantially reduced by rotating the piston-weight assembly while the
measurement is taken. The accuracies of dead-weight testers are limited by two
factors:

1. the friction between the cylinder and the piston.

2. the uncertainty in the area of the piston.

The friction is reduced by rotation of the piston and use of long enough surfaces
to ensure negligible flow of oil through the annular space between the piston
and the cylinder. The area upon which the weight force acts is not the area of
the piston or the area of the cylinder; it is some effective area between these two
which depends on the clearance spacing and the viscosity of the oil. The smaller
the clearance, the more closely the effective area will approximate the cross-
sectional area of the piston. It can be shown1 that the percentage error due to the
clearance varies according to

Percent Error ∼( ρ Δ P)1/2b3μDL.

Where

ρ=density of t h e oil
Δ p= pressure differential on t h e c yl i nd e r
b=clearance spacing
μ=viscosity
D= piston diameter
L= piston lengt h

Advantages

1. It is simple in construction and easy to use.

2. It can be used to calibrated a wide range of pressure measuring devices

Disadvantages

1. The accuracy of the dead weight tester is affected due to the friction between
the piston and cylinder.
2. And due to the uncertainty of the value of gravitational constant.