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Chapter 2: Forces and Motion 2.1 Linear Motion ( ../49 X 100 ..%)
Chapter 2: Forces and Motion 2.1 Linear Motion ( ../49 X 100 ..%)
Acceleration
C. Fill in the blank with the correct answer.
a=
(13)
2. A bus stops at a station to pick passengers up. It then moves and attains a velocity of 15 m s-1
in 8 s. What is the acceleration of the bus? (23)
Pattern Explanation
(a) Direction of motion
1 cm 5 cm
A B C D E F
Solution :
Step Solution
1. Time taken of one part (34) One part = ……. Ticks
= ……. x 0.02 s
= ………. s
2. initial velocity, u = s initial (35) u = cm
t initial s
= ………. cm s-1
3. Final velocity, v = s final (36)
t final v= cm
s
= ………. cm s-1
4. Determine the total time (37) Total time, t = ( ) x …….. s
= x ……... s
Total time = ( Total parts – 1) x time of one part
= ………. s
5. Acceleration, a = v – u (38) a=v–u
t t
=
= ………… cm s-2
22
The equations of motion
G. Complete the table below
Physical Quantity Symbol
Displacement (39)
(40) v
Initial velocity (41)
acceleration (42)
(b) A car traveling with a velocity of 10 m s-1 accelerates uniformly at a rate of 3 m s-2 for 20 s.
Calculate the displacement of the car.
Solution : (48)
(c) A van that is traveling with velocity 16 m s-1 decelerates until it comes to a stop. If the
distance traveled is 8 m, calculate the deceleration of the van.
Solution : (49)
A student is able to :
Plot and interpret displacement-time and velocity-time graphs.
Deduce from the shape of a displacement-time graph when a body is:
i) at rest
ii) moving with uniform velocity
iii) moving with non-uniform velocity
Determine distance, displacement and velocity from a displacement-time graph.
2.2 ANALYSING
Deduce fromMOTION GRAPH
the shape [………/20
of a velocity-time graph when a body is: x 100 = …………%]
i) at rest
ii) moving with uniform velocity 23
iii) moving with uniform acceleration
Determine distance, displacement and velocity and acceleration from a velocity-time
graph.
Solve problems on linear motion with uniform acceleration
A. Describe the motion of an object as shown in the following motion graphs.
(a) The Displacement-Time Graph
0 t/s
0 t/s
s/m
The gradient of the graph (6)…………….. with time.
Therefore the velocity of the object (7)……………. with
(8)…………….
0 t/s
v/m s-1
Velocity of object is (9)…………. . The object is (10)
………………
t/s
v/m s-1
The object is moving with uniform (11)…………………
t/s
v/m s-1
Area under the graph = (15)………………….
t/s
C
25
20 A B
15
10
5
D
O t/s
5 10 12 15
Solution :
10
B C
5
D
t/s
A 5 10 15 20 25
Calculate:-
(i) the acceleration, a, for sections AB, BC and CD (19)
(ii) total displacement (20)
A student is able to :
Explain what inertia is
26
Relate mass to inertia
Give examples to reduce the negative effects of inertia
A. Fill in the blanks or underline the correct answers
1.
When the bus stops suddenly our feet are brought to rest but due to inertia, our body tends
to continue its (1) (forward / backward) motion. This causes our body to jerk forward (thrown
forward)
2.
When the bus moves suddenly from rest our feet are carried (2) (forward/backward) but due
to inertia our body tends to keep us (3) (rest/moving). This causes our body to fall
backwards. (thrown backwards)
3. The inertia of an object is the (4) ............................. of the object to remain at (5) ........... or if
moving to continue its uniform motion in a straight line.
4. The (6) ………. of an object is the amount or quantity of matter contained in the object.
5. The SI unit of mass is (7) ………………
6. The mass of an object is (8)…………… wherever it is measured. It is different from (9) ………..
which is affected by the force of (10) …………….
7. An object with a larger mass has a (11) …………….. inertia.
Characteristic Explanation
(a) The tank which carries liquid in a lorry
Hold the passengers to their seat
should be divided into smaller tanks
during collision
(17)
(b) The part between the driver’s seat and
Prevent the driver from hitting the
load should have strong steel
steering in an accident
structure (18)
Prevent the load from being thrown to
(c) Safety belts (19)
the front
To reduce the effects of inertia when
(d) Airbag (20)
stopped suddenly.
u1
m1 u2 v2
m2 m1
m2
Momentum : (19)
2. Collision 2 : Both objects move together after collision. (20) …………. is conserved.
u1
29v
m u2 = 0
1 m2 m1 + m2
Momentum : (21)
(m1 + m2), u = 0 v1 v2
m2
Momentum : (23)
1. Car A of mass 100 kg traveling at 30 m s-1 collides with Car B of mass 90 kg traveling at 20
m s-1 in front of it. Car A and B move separately after collision. If Car A moves at 25 m s-1
after collision, determine the velocity of Car B after collision.
Solution : (29)
2. A trolley of mass 4 kg moves at 3 m s-1 and collide with a trolley of mass 2 kg which is
moving in the opposite direction at 1 m s-1. After the collision, both trolleys move together
with the same velocity. What is their common velocity?
Solution : (30)
30
3. A bullet of mass 2 g is shot from a gun of mass 1 kg with a velocity of 150 m s-1. Calculate
the velocity of the recoil of the gun after firing.
Solution : (31)
31