Name Khursheed Ahmad shah

Roll no (F19-3348)

PAPER Globalization

Instructor Muhammad Abdullah

Program M.Phil (SEMESTER-3rd)

Department Sociology

EXAM Final-Term 2020

No. 1. How would you define the cultural Globalization? In the wake of
Globalization how do you foresee the future of Institutions of Family and
education in Pakistan?

Cultural globalization
Cultural economic process Cultural economic process, development by that the
expertise of lifestyle, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and concepts,
reflects a standardization of cultural expressions round the world.

Globalization and education

Globalization has had a profound result on education systems worldwide. The
developing world above all that appearance to the education of its youth because
the pathway to prosperity and development has tough each edges and drawbacks
within the group action of education caused by fashionable economic process. As
Attach and Knight outline economic process, it involves “the economic, political,
and social group forces pushing twenty first century pedagogy toward bigger
international involvement”. They additionally note that, “globalization is also
unalterable, however group action involves several choices” (2007, pp. 290–291).
within the long, it'd contribute to the enlargement of academic development
however provably results in unknowingly undermining education’s impact on
development of men, by-passing and commanding human rights in education and
therefore the plan of development with security. this is often central to the post-
2015 education and development agenda. during this volume academic policy
changes in aid-recipient countries are explored moreover as and education
selections and frameworks for higher beneath standing of the agenda-setting
processes that have evolved under economic process. The authors question the
motivation of reforms in post-colonial states difference of opinion that progress
(or the shortage thereof) in faculties can't be unmarried from the burden of
human capital theory’s non-conceptualization of human rights in education. this
implies that education aid from international agencies has if truth be told
hampered the flexibility of countries to constructively serve the economic, social
and political project of nation building.

What are the effects of globalization in education?

Globalization enhances the flexibility of learners to access, assess, adopt, and
apply information, to assume severally to exercise acceptable judgment and to
collaborate with others to form sense of recent things. - economic process
produces AN hyperbolic amount of scientifically and technically trained persons.
Globalization and family
 Public debate over the condition of family as AN yankee establishment continues
as we enter the new millennium. variety of trends underlie this discussion.
Divorce is common, additional Americans are single or living with a partner
outside of wedding, AN increasing % of kids reside with only 1 parent, and a
growing share of married couples are preceding parentage altogether. The results
of these changes are that way fewer families comprises a family unit with
youngsters than was the case fifty years agone. Family life is dynamic . Two-
parent households are on the decline within the u. s. as divorce, marriage
ceremony and inhabitancy are on the increase. And families are smaller currently,
each thanks to the expansion of single-parent households and therefore the call-
in fertility Family could be a moving target. Our ideas concerning what constitutes
a “normal” family have modified loads since the Sixties, and there’s no reason to
believe they’ll stop dynamic . however weird might things get? Here are 9 totally
different ideas concerning the longer term of the family.

(1)Gender liquidity within the Family

We are increasingly moving towards a post-gendered society—and
consequently, the role of the family as a method to “uphold” ancient gender
roles is bit by bit commencing to dissipate.
(2)Clone Families
Assuming that human biological research will eventually be created safe and
reliable, the public’s misgivings concerning this potential fruitful follow can
most likely fade. And this might cause families within which offspring are the
clones of a parental donor, or another donor like a forebear, a friend—or a
celeb.
(3)Robotic and by artificial means Intelligent Caregivers
Films like Spike Jonze’s Her demonstrate the potential for intimate
relationships between humans and computing. however there’s no reason to
believe that youngsters — from infanthood through
(4)Multiple Family menage
Statistics show that multi-generational families are on the increase, largely as a
result of housing and different things are becoming therefore high-ticket.
Likewise, 2 or additional family teams could land up deciding to measure along
 in a very single home, to save lots of cash. (Keep in mind that families and
households are 2 distinct things.
(5)Extreme Multi-generational Families
The onset of radical life extension is about to own a profound result on family
structure and intra-family dynamics. Eventually, humans can begin to measure
well into a whole lot, and they’ll be as spirited and healthy as once they were
0.5 their age or perhaps younger. Some “elderly” individuals could even like
better to have offspring throughout their later years, that ought to lead to
some fascinating and novel situations.
(6)Space Clonotic Families
By mid-century, we should always have a colonial presence on Mars, and
probably the Moon. These habitats can probably be tiny and rudimentary,
however it’s not unreasonable to assume that some colonists can wish to bring
their families on, or begin new ones. Eventually, we’ll begin to envision the
primary generation of humans United Nations agency haven't been to Earth.
Eventually, humans can wish to begin long missions to the celebrities. and die
(advances in radical life extension notwithstanding), exploit their offspring to
continue the mission.
(7)Mind-linked Families
Advances in neurobiology might irrevocably modification the extended family
as we all know it nowadays. Imagine a family connected via mind-to-mind
communication. it'd be like Wachowski’s Sense8 TV series within which the
characters are mentally and showing emotion connected, capable of act,
sensing, and victimization every other’s information, skills, and language.
Mind-melded families would be bigger than the add of its elements.
(8)Virtual Families
Imagine a mind-uploaded family, or a family comprised of emulated brains
(called ems) that reside and move among a strong mainframe computer. These
virtual beings would live as avatars among elaborate simulated environments.
however as a result of the constraints of the analog world won’t apply in Net
(whether these constraints be biological or physical), virtual families might not
have identical wants or motivations for staying along as one, connected unit.

Q. No.
2. Give your arguments on Anti-Globalization and Local
Autonomy.
Anti-globalization
opposition to the increase in the global power and influence of businesses,
especially multinational corporations.

Overview of Anti-globalization

Three distinct political economic approaches are being articulated by anti-

globalization movements.1 The 3 modes are archetypes, as few movements
follow 1 In one997 John Cavanagh named 3 varieties of anti-globalization:
restrained economic process, democratized economic process, and localization.
What are the arguments for and against globalization?

Globalization: Arguments for And Against Globalization

• Gains of economic process for made at the price of Poor

• Source of recurrent Economic Crises
• Globalization as associate obligatory call of the made
• Unequal Distribution of advantages
• Strengthened Role of MNCs
• Private Profits at the price of social insurance
• Increased economic policy and Neo-colonialism

What are the main arguments against Globalization?

EROSION OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY

Another common argument is that globalization has eroded state sovereignty.

International trade limits the ability of nation-states to control domestic
economies, whereas international organizations and laws place limits on their
decision-making abilities.

Local Autonomy
Local autonomy is the ability of local governments to have an independent
impact on the well-being of their citizens. We examine the nonlocal government
determinants of well-being in both countries and ask what scope remains
for local governments to have an impact.

Autonomous Movements

For utilitarian functions we've got organized autonomous movements into

movements focused on native production and movements targeted on native
politics. The division is neither a theoretical statement nor associate analytic
finding. really most of these movements feature common nodes of activity that
defy such categorization. This section presents information on the movements,
whose economic and social characteristics are analyzed at the tip of the paper
Q. No. 3. Write a detailed essay on the emergence and effectiveness of
E-communities and transnational communities.

Transnational communities
Transnational communities are migrant populations living in a country other than
their country of origin but with ties to the country of origin.

What is an example of transnational migration?

For instance, the children of Mexican immigrants who travel to Mexico and return
better able to understand the meaning of being Mexican in New York are
exercising their membership in a transnational social field.

What is transnational theory?

A field of study that specialize in cross-boundary political area, contention that

states aren't the sole important actors. This theory emphasizes the direct linkages
across international boundaries, wherever a minimum of one actor is non-state;
as an example, a non-governmental organization or international corporation.
within the introduction to the current volume, we tend to instructed 5 structuring
and shaping options of international communities. First, they represent, for his or
her members, one amongst many community affiliations. Second, members are
cosmopolitans however sometimes of a “rooted” kind. Third, international
communities are notional communities of a fluid and dynamic nature. Fourth,
they exhibit a good quantity of within-community diversity. Fifth and eventually,
international communities are time-bound, non-essential and non-permanent
collectives. once our journey through a multiplicity of various empirical settings,
we must always mirror a small amount a lot of on those 5 shaping options –
asking ourselves, particularly, however they could play move into the governance
activities of international communities.
E communities
E-Communities are one variety of communication platform on the net, and
support or initiate business processes. they're wont to build constant, self-
dynamic.
Q. No. 4. Critically analyses the Economic and Social Globalization
with special emphasis on the Feminist Theoretical approaches to
Globalization.

Economic Globalization

Economic globalization refers to the processes of global economic integration that

emerged in the late 20th century, fueled by neoliberal ideals. Rooted in classical
liberal economic thought, neoliberalism claims that a largely unregulated
capitalist economy embodies the ideal of free individual choice and maximizes
economic efficiency and growth, technological progress, and distributive justice.
Economic globalization is associated with particular global political and economic
institutions, such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary
Fund, and the World Bank, and specific neoliberal economic policies.

Feminist Theoretical Approaches to Globalization

‘Feminist theoretical approaches to economic process’ is associate umbrella term

that refers to variety of specific theoretical approaches that feminists have want
to articulate the challenges that globalization poses for girls, individuals of color,
and therefore the international poor. These numerous approaches embody those
developed by postcolonial feminists, international feminists, associated feminists
WHO endorse an ethics of care. during this section, we tend to determine four
key options shared by these numerous feminist approaches to economic process
and description a number of the distinctive characteristics of every theoretical
orientation. First, feminist approaches to economic process look for to supply
frameworks for understanding the gender injustices related to economic process.
instead of developing blanket ideal theories of worldwide justice, however,
feminist philosophers tend to adopt the non-ideal theoretical views, that
specialize in specific, concrete problems. The second key feature of feminist
approaches to economic process could be a shared commitment to core feminist
values, together with associate opposition to the subordination of girls. Some
theorists conjointly draw upon feminist interpretations of thought ethical and
political ideals, like equality, democracy, and human rights, to develop critiques of
neoliberal policies the third key feature of feminist approaches to economic
process is a stress on feminist methodologies. particularly, these approaches tend
to embody 3 key method commitments. the primary is intersectionality, that
maintains that systems of oppression move to supply injustices, and thus, that
gender injustices can't be understood only in terms of sex or gender. Finally,
feminist theorists of economic process are committed to developing self-reflexive
critiques. At the guts of this technique could be a disposition to critically examine
feminist claims, with explicit attention to the ways in which during which feminist
discourses privilege sure points of read. for example, Schutte insists that on the
face of its universal feminist values and ideas are probably to embody the values
of dominant cultures. This helps to elucidate why the voices of girls from
developing countries are typically taken seriously as long as they mirror the norms
and values of the West and change to Western expectations.

THE END