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_Om Amh{.
■
gm_Zm (Xgam-oXdmir) 2003

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H$aÊ`mMr JaO [S>V Zmhr, BVH§$ V{ T>iT>irV ñdÀN> Amh{.

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od^mJmV - odO` V|Sw>cH$a. h{ ]è`mM OUm§Zm AmVm AV·`© dmQ>c§ Var V{ Vg§ V{ìhm
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gaH$ma. ì`dñW{cm _mZU§ AWdm ì`dñW{odéÕ ]§S> H$aU§ h{ `m Mma oZH$fm§da V[mgyZ
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Am`wî`mhÿZ d{Ji§ Ag§ odñWmo[V Am`wî` OJc{.
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V{ìhmMr àñWmo[V gaH$ma§ åhUO{, àñWmo[V "emøm'. oZOm_emhr,

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Amh{.
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ñdm. gmdaH$am§Zrhr gaH$maer, Va S>m°. ]m]mgmh{] Am§]{S>H$am§Zr Y_m©er. (BW{ Y_©
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g§Kf© H{$ë`mda H$m` qH$_V MwH$dmdr cmJV{ h{ `m oVKm§À`m (cm{H$_mÝ` oQ>iH$,
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ñdßZ ZìhV§ qH$dm ì`dñW{Vhr Am_ycmJ« [nadV©ZmM§ AmìhmZ-AmdmhZ ZìhV§.
gwédmVrcm ]cemcr gaH$magm{]V ]mimgmh{]m§Zr OwidyZ K{Vc§. gaH$ma CcWdyZ
oedg{Z{cm gÎmm o_idÊ`mMr ñdßZ§ H$Yr [S>cr ZmhrV. (Or hþHy$_emhm ohQ>cacm
[S>cr hm{Vr.) X{emÀ`m g¡Ý`m]Ôc ]mimgmh{]m§À`m _ZmV AmXaM hm{Vm. AmoU Á`m
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Agm{ dm ^`§H$a: V{ H$aÊ`mgmR>r AmH«$_H$ _J gd©ñd [Umcm cmdV AgVm{. Am[c§
AmoU Am[ë`m eÌyM§hr.

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o_lUmVyZ _amR>r _mUgm§da _w§]B©VM hm{Umè`m AÝ`m`mMm àíZ Ë`m§Zr hmVr K{Vcm.
"_amR>r _mUgmÀ`m Ý`mæ` h¸$mgmR>r' AerM oedg{Zm ZmdmÀ`m Am§Xm{cZmMr
Km{fUm hm{Vr. `m g§[yU© H$mcI§S>mV oedg{Z{Z{ VéUm§À`m Pw§S>r g§Kf© H$aÊ`mH$aVm
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amhVmV `mMm Im{cmV OmD$Z H$Yrhr odMma H{$cm Zmhr. _amR>r _mUgmcm
ñdV:À`mM ^y_rda ñdV:À`m Ý`mæ` h¸$m§gmR>r H$m C^§ amhmd§ cmJc§ `mMr oedg{Z{Z{
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H$s, oedg{Z{À`m AmoU _amR>r _mUgmÀ`m Ü`{`Ym{aUm§daM Ë`m§Zr AmH«$_U H{$c§.
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odO`mM§ l{` Ë`m§Zm Úm`M§ Pmc§ Va h{ A[l{`hr Ë`m§ZmM Úmd§ cmJ{c.
]mimgmh{]m§Zr g§[yU© g§KQ>Z{V, Im{cda OmD$Z g_ñ`{Mm _wim[mgyZ Aä`mg
H$aÊ`mMr [a§[am éOyM oXcr Zmhr CcQ>[jr g_ñ`{M§ odíc{fU H$aU§, MMm© H$aU§,
Ë`mda Aä`mg H$aU§, odMma H$aU§ `m gmè`m àoH«$`{Mr ]mimgmh{]m§Zr d{im{d{ir
Q>dmirM H{$c{cr AmT>iV{. odMmad§Vm§Mr "Q>miHw$Q>{' Aer dm AemgmaIr
_mZI§S>ZmM oedg{Z{H$Sy>Z H{$cr J{cr. kmZ_mJm©M§ g{Z{cm dmdS>§ hm{V§. "cw§Jr hQ>md'
Am§Xm{cZm[mgyZ gwédmV H$am`Mr Pmcr Va EH$ gmYr dñVwpñWVr Ü`mZmV K{Vcr
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Jwá JUZm H{$cr. Ë`mV XmojUmË`m§[{jm o]hmar AmoU CÎma àX{er oH$VrVar OmñV
[Q>rZ{ Agë`mM§ AmT>iyZ Amc§. _yi AmOma Z em{YVm cjUm§da C[m` AmoU Vm{hr
dadaMm. `m H$m`©g§ñH¥$Vr_wi{ Pmc{c{ [naUm_ AmO Am[U [mhmVm{ Amhm{V. _w§]B©da
[aàm§oV`m§M§ AmH«$_U H$m hm{V§ Amh{ AmoU Ë`mMm ]§Xm{]ñV H$gm H$aVm `{B©c `mMm
oedg{Z{Z{ gIm{c Aä`mgM H{$cm ZìhVm. gdm} Z{V{ åhUyZ ]mimgmh{]m§Zr H$m`_
g_ñ`m§M§ gm{[{H$aU H{$c§. ]mimgmh{]m§Zr Aem àH$maM§ g_ñ`mM§ gm{[{H$aU H$aU§
[ohë`m g^{[mgyZ gwê$ H{$c§. _Ðmem§Zm hmH$cc§ H$s Zm{H$è`m§M§ àíZ gwQ>Vrc,
CÚm{J[VtZm [mqR>]m oXcm AmoU g§[ Z H{$c{ H$s gw]Îmm `{D$Z am{OJma dmT>{c,
dS>m[mdÀ`m JmS>çm Q>mH$ë`m H$s _amR>r VéU AmË_oZ^©a hm{B©c, A°åã`wcÝgM§ Omi§
C^§ amohc§ H$s, Amam{½` g{d{Vrc ì`dpñW` (Systemic) àíZ gwQ>Vrc, o]ëS>g©À`m

ghH$m`m©Z{ _w§]B©À`m Pm{[S>[Å>m§À`m OmJr B_maVr Cä`m amhÿZ Pm{[S>[Å>rdmog`m§Zm Ka§
o_iVrc, a{eqZJdaÀ`m dñVy dmOdr XamZ{ odVnaV H{$ë`m H$s, OrdZmdí`H$
dñVy§À`m Q>§MmB©M{ àíZ gwQ>Vrc, "ìh°c|Q>mBZ S>{' da ]ohîH$ma åhUO{ [aH$s`
g§ñH¥$VrÀ`m AmH«$_Umcm CÎma.. oedg{Zm g_W©H$m§Zm, oedg¡oZH$m§Zm ]mimgmh{]
]m{cc{ H$s, ""Aa{À`m, g_ñ`m BVH$s gm{[r hm{Vr Va!'' Ag§ dmQ>V§. h{ ]mimgmh{]m§M§
g_ñ`{M§ gm{[{H$aU oedg{Z{M§ EH$ _m{R>§ ]cñWmZ Amh{. _m{R>§ [U AË`§V XwX£dr
]cñWmZ!
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Hw$R>{ MwH$c{'[mgyZ V{ "]we H$g§ J§S>dUma Amh{' [`ªV oH$aH$m{irZ§ ]m{cUmè`m gm_mÝ`
_mUgm§er oedg{Zm EH$X_ Om{S>cr OmV{. [U oedg{Z{V Ë`m_wi{ g_ñ`{Mr Jw§VmJw§V
g_OyZ K{Ê`mMr AmñWm AmoU j_VmM Zï> Pmc{cr Amh{. Xwga§ åhUO{
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Am`wî`mV V{ Ë`m§À`mer _¡ÌrM§ ZmV§ R>{dyZ Agc{ Varhr) oedg¡oZH$m§gmR>r g_ñ`{À`m
_wimer OmD$Z CH$c H$aUma{ cm{H$ h{ "dm`\$i MMm© H$aUma{ cm{H$' R>aVmV. Ë`mVyZ
gXVrg dfm©Z§Va oedg{Z{Mr Aer em{H$m§oVH$m Pmc{cr Amh{ H$s, oedg{Z{H$S>{ O{ìhm
O{ìhm AmoU oOW{ oOW{ gÎmm Amcr oVW{ oVW{ oedg{Zm gmYr Zm{H$aemhrhr [H$S>rV
K{D$Z hcdÊ`mV g§[yU© A[èr R>acr. oedg{Z{M{ ZJag{dH$ V{ _§Ìr "gaH$ma'
ZmdmMr ì`dñWm am]dVmZm Ajae: aS>Hw§$S>rcm `{VmV. Aa{m, h{ ì`dñW{M§ MmH$
hcV§ H$g§? g_ñ`m Hw$R>À`m MmdrZ{ gwQ>VmV? Agm ^md AmoU ^` Ë`m§À`m _ZmV
AgV§. oedg{Z{Mr gÎmm O{ìhm amÁ`mV Amcr V{ìhm, ""_cm AmD$Q>[wQ> AmoU naPëQ>
X{Umar _§Ìr "AmdS>VmV''' Ag§ E{H$Ê`mMr [mir IwÔ oedg{Zmà_wIm§daM Amcr.
(Xwgè`m ]mOycm odMmad§V AmoU ehmÊ`mgwaË`m åhUdUmè`m _mUgm§Zr AmoU
BVa [jm§Zr _amR>r _mUgmda H$mhr AÝ`m` hm{Vm{ Amh{ Ë`mMm odMma H$aU§M
Wm§]dc{c§ hm{V§ AmoU Amh{. `m]Ôc Iy[ ocohVm `{B©c. [U Vm{ d{Jù`m c{ImMm
odf` Amh{. hm àíZ V{ìhm \$º$ oedg{Z{Z{ CMccm h{ _mÌ Ia§.) oedg{Z{Mr åhUyZ
AmVm àogÕ Agc{cr H$m`©[ÕVr Ë`m gm{[{H$aUmVyZ OÝ_mcm Amc{c{ g{dm^mdr C[m`
AmoU XwgarH$S>{ ^mg_mZ AmH«$_H$Vm!
oedg{Z{À`m gwédmVrÀ`m H$mim[mgyZ oedg{Z{Z{ Om{ Xamam AmoU ^` oZ_m©U
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ì`dñWmM CcWdyZ Q>mHy$Z H«$m§Vr H$am`Mr AgV{ Vr hr AmH«$_H$Vm ZìhVr Va hr

AmH«$_H$Vm ^mg_` AmH«$_H$Vm hm{Vr. Á`m AmH«$_H$V{_wi{ ì`º$s Km]aV{, ì`dñWm
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]Xc hm{V Zmhr.
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AmoU [moR>amIm dJ© oZ_m©U Pmcm. `m _amR>r _mZogH$V{cm OmUyZ K{Ê`mH$aVm EH$
g_[©H$ oH$ñgm dmMÊ`mgmaIm Amh{. 1946 gmcr H¥$îU _{ZZ `m§Zr 26 OmZ{dmarcm
EH$ g^m ]m{cmdcr hm{Vr. Ë`m g^{V AZ{H$ o]«oQ>e _§Ìr-ImgXma hOa hm{V{. (`m
g^{Mm C{I à^mH$a Hw§$Q>|À`m AmË_MnaÌmV Amc{cm Amh{. H$maU V{ `m g^{cm hOa
hm{V{.) Ë`m g^{V H¥$îU _{ZZ `m§Zr AË`§V AmH«$_H$[U{ o]«oQ>em§Zm Vwåhr
gm_«mÁ`dmXr, aº$em{fH$ AmhmV dJ¡a{ gwZmdc§... da _mÂ`m X{emcm [mM hOma
dfmªMm BoVhmg Amh{, dJ¡a{hr gwZmdc§. h{ gJi§ Pmë`mda Ë`m g^{M§ AÜ`jñWmZ
Á`m§Zr ^yfdc§ hm{V§ V{ amÁèmó AmoU AW©emómM{ JmT>{ Aä`mgH$ AmoU OmJoVH$
H$sVuM{ VÁk àm{. h°am°ëS> cmñH$s ]m{cm`cm C^{ amohc{. Ë`m§Zr OUy Ë`m ^mfUmV
^maVmM§ ôdVì`M H$mimÀ`m q^Vrda Ë`m g§Ü`mH$mir ocohc§. _yi ^mfU Iy[ _m{R>§
Amh{. [U Ë`mVcm Om{ Ë`m§Mm gdm©V _m{R>m Ym{·`mMm Bemam hm{Vm Vm{ _hmamï>mÀ`m
(Ia§ Va ^maVmÀ`mM) _mZogH$ OS>UKS>UrV g_yV© gmH$ma Pmcm. V{ åhUmc{ hm{V{,
"You may have and undoubtedly you have a great past. But
in the present days please have in mind that you are no where in
comparison with the other nations. Therefore do not develop this
psychology of arrogance of inferiority.''
oedg{Z{À`m CX`mcm H$maUr^yV Pmc{cm _amR>r _mUgmMm hm "Arrogance
of Inferiority' oedg{Z{Mmhr ñd^md ]Zcm. CÔm_[UmZ{ _mUg§ Am[ë`mcm
Km]aVmV. [U AI{a Ý`yZJ§S>mVyZ \$º$ [am^d Zoe]r `{Vm{. àm. h°am°ëS> cmñH$s¨Zr
1946 gmcr ^maVmV Ý`yZJ§S>mVyZ CÔm_V{Mr amOH$s` g§ñH¥$Vr oR>H$oR>H$mUr
CX`mcm `{D$ eH{$c h{ oZ:g§oX½Y ^mî` H$ê$Z R>{dc{c§ hm{V§. CJmM Zmhr o]«oQ>em§Zr
^maVmda amÁ` H{$c§. Ë`m_wi{ Or ^mg_mZ AmH«$_H$Vm oedg{Z{Mr g§ñH¥$Vr ]Zcr Vr
Am[Um _amR>r _mUgmÀ`m Ý`yZJ§S>mVyZ `{Umè`m _wÔm_[UmMr hm{Vr. Ë`m_wi{M _amR>r
_mUyg [aàm§Vr`m§Mr g_ñ`m _wimVyZ gm{S>dy eH$cm ZmhrM. CcQ> _amR>r _mUgmMm
_w§]B©VM [aàm§Vr`m§Zr oZ:g§oX½Y [am^d H{$cm. _w§]B©V \$º$ AÇ>mdrg Q>¸{$ _amR>r
_mUyg Cacm AmoU AmO oedg{Z{cmhr _w§]B©V [aàm§Vr`m§M§ g§ajU H$aÊ`mgmR>r C^§
amhmd§ cmJc§.
oedg{Z{Mr AmoU _amR>r _mUgmMr hr _m{R>rM em{H$m§oVH$m Amh{. [U XwX£dmZ{
gXm\w$crÀ`m PmS>mcm oZgJ©V:M Jwcm]mMr \w$c§ `{UmMr Oer gm{` Zmhr, Vg§M hr
g_ñ`m ZrQ> g_OyZ K{Vë`moedm` Vr gm{S>dÊ`mMm H$m{UVmhr C[m` Zmhr. AmO
"]§X'À`m oXder añË`mda CVaUmam "H$S>dm', "o_ocQ>§Q>', "amï>^º$' oedg¡oZH$
Am[cr ^mg_mZ AmH«$_H$Vm XmIdVm{ qH$dm Hw$Umcm Var H$mZ\$Q>dVm{ V{ìhm Ë`mcm
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Am{aS>U§ dm`mM J{c§ åhUm`M§.
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oedg{Zm C^r Amh{.
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ZmhrEV. H$m{UV§hr Z{V¥Ëd Am[ë`m OrdZmV gwI AmUy eH$V§ `mdaMm cm{H$m§Mm
odídmgM CS>mcm`. Aem d{ir _hmamï>mV oedg{Z{gmaIr amOH$s` D$Om© Agc{cr
g§KQ>Zm H$m` H$ê$ eH$V{, `mda H{$di oedg{ZmM Zìh{ Va _hmamï> AmoU X{emM§
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Zmhr. AmoU odíc{fUmVyZhr EH$M EH$ oZîH$f© oZKV Zmhr.
Varhr EH$ \y$Q>[Å>r AQ>i Amh{V.
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A[dmX EH$M - e{dQ>r hr EH$ \y$Q>[Å>r cmdÊ`mMm.
hm [j[mV AemgmR>r åhQ>cm H$s, Hw$UmÀ`m g§X^m©V Hw$Umcm _m{Oy Z`{
åhUVmV.
Varhr hm [j[mV AQ>i Amh{. AemgmR>r H$s, Aem [j[mVmZ{M od[Xm§Zr
AmoU ^«ï>mMmamZ{ âc{ë`m `m g_mOmV OJU§ gwgø hm{V§.
_hmË_m Jm§YrZr 1920 gmcr Iè`m AWm©Z{ Z{V¥Ëd hmVmV K{Vc§.
1948 gmcr ZWwam_ Jm{S>g{Z{ Ë`m§Mm IyZ H{$cm.
1947 gmcr ^maVmcm ñdmV§Í` o_imc§.
Jm§YrOtZm [aV§Ì ^maVmV \$º$ 27 df© o_imcr.
`m gÎmmdrg dfmªV Ë`m§Zr AghH$ma, C[m{fU, AmË_·c{e, ñdmdc§]Z,
Aqhgm hr eó§ oZ]©c _mUgm§Zm oXcr.
`mÀ`m ]imda `m oZ]©c _mUgm§M§ H$S>ì`m, o_ocQ>§Q> _mUgm§V ê$[m§Va Pmc§.
Ë`m§Zr aº$]§]mi hm{B©ñVm{da cmR>çm Imë`m, [U ñdmV§Í`mMm hÅ> o]«oQ>e
ì`dñWm CcWdyZ Q>mH{$ñVm{da gm{S>cm Zmhr.
`m gÎmmdrg dfmªV Ë`m§Zr O{ AZw`m`r oZ_m©U H{$c{ Ë`m§Zr [wT>{ H$mhr H$mi
^maV AmoU ^maVr`mM§ _Z KS>dc§.
Odmhacmc Z{hé, d^^mB© [Q>{c, MH«$dVu amOJm{[mcMmar, _m¡cmZm A]wc
H$cm_ AmPmX, Z{VmOr gw^mfM§Ð ]m{g, gam{oOZr Zm`Sy>, O`àH$me ZmamÙ....
`m gÎmmdrg dfmªV "gË`' `m _yë`mcm Ë`m§Zr ^maVr` (AmoU EH§$XarVM
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amOH$maUmV H$YrM _yë` åhUyZ àñWmo[V Pmc§M Zmhr. CcQ> KgaVM J{c§.
Ë`m gÎmmdrg dfmªV Ë`m§Zr ^maVr` gm_mÝ` _mUgmcm BVH§$ oZ^©` H{$c§ H$s,
Vm{ ]cmT>ç B§J«O gÎm{cm Km]a{Zmgm Pmcm.
Ë`m gÎmmdrg dfmªV Ë`m§Zr ^maVmcm ñdmV§Í` o_idyZ oXc§. V{hr
ñdmV§Ë`cT>çmÀ`m `m AJm{XaÀ`m gd© _mJmªodéÕ ]§S> H$ê$Z.
AmoU [moH$ñVmZ oZo_©VrVyZ Om{ am{f oZ_m©U Pmcm Ë`mÀ`m ]Xë`mV Ë`m§Zr
"h{ am_' åhUV àmUm§Mr AmhþVr oXcr.
hr gÎmmdrg dfª H$m±J«{gM{ g^mgX ZgVmZmhr Ë`m§Mr H$m±J«{gda [m{cmXr [H$S>
hm{Vr.
V{ àIa qhXwËddmXr hm{V{; [amH$m{Q>rM{ AmH«$_H$ ]§S>Im{a hm{V{, hþHy$_ehm hm{V{;

H$S>ì`m, o_ocQ>§Q> AZw`m`m§M{ Z{V{ hm{V{.
h{ gma§ oedg{Z{g§X^m©V ocohÊ`mM§ H$maU åhUO{,
]mimgmh{]m§Zmhr àIa qhXwËddmXr, ]§S>Im{a, hþHy$_ehm AmoU H$S>ì`m: o_ocQ>§Q>
AZw`m`m§M{ Z{V{ _mZc§ OmV§.
\$º$ daMr [j[mVr \y$Q>[Å>r dm[acr Zmhr Va ocohÊ`mgmaI§ Iy[ Amh{.
[U Vr \y$Q>[Å>r dm[acr Va OJÊ`mgmaI§ Iy[ CaV§, Ë`mM§ H$m`?
■
Aja (oXdmir) 2003

AmòS>`mO² Ama² S>|Oag
_m Â`mg_m{a "Q>{Z S>{O X°Q> ewH$ X dëS>©' `m

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H$maU Amh{. Ë`m [wñVH$mÀ`m [ohë`mM [mZmda Hw$Um
e{IaZ{ Hw$Um AkmV Z§oXVmcm oVÀ`m Mm{odgmì`m
dmT>oXder cmc [{ZmZ{ ^mdZmd{JmV g§X{e ochÿZ V{
[wñVH$ ^{Q> oXc§`. O{ìhm h{ [wñVH$ ^{Q> X{Ê`mV Amc§,
V{ìhmM§ OwZ§ OJ AmO [ma ]XcyZ J{c§`. e{Ia AmO
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oH$_mZ Z§oXVmEdT>m Amh{ Ag§ Am[U J¥hrV Yac§, Va
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Ideas are young. Ideas are universal. Ideas are dangerous.
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2001 gmcr AW©emómM§ Zm{]{c [mnaVm{ofH$ Á`m§Zm X{Ê`mV Amc§ hm{V§, V{ Om{g{\$
ñQ>rp½cQ²>P h{ dëS>© ]±H{$M{ _w»` AW©emókhr hm{V{. A_{naH$Z gaH$ma_Ü`{ o]c p·c¨Q>Z
`m§À`m H$mimV Ë`m§Zr "H$m¡pÝgc Am°\$ BH$m°oZo_H$ A°S>ìhm`Pg©' `m Ym{aU§
R>adUmè`m ì`dñW{M§ à_wI[X ^yfodc{c§ Amh{. Ë`m§Zr Am[ë`m "½cm{]cm`P{eZ A±S>
BQ²>g oS>gH$ÝQ>{ÝQ²>g' `m [wñVH$mV \$ma _mo_©H$[U{ `m ì`m[mar ½cm{]cm`P{eZÀ`m
Xw:I oZ_m©U H$aÊ`mÀ`m e·Vrodf`r ocohc{c§ Amh{: "The French intellectual
Pierre Bourdieu has written about the need for politicians to
behave more like scholars and to engage in scientific debate,
based on hard facts and evidence. Regrettably, the opposite
happens too often, when academics involved in making policy
recommendations become politicized and start to bend the
evidence to fit the ideas of those in charge.''
Om{g{\$ ñQ>rp½cQ²>P `m§M§ h{ àoV[mXZ, OmJoVH$sH$aUmÀ`m ì`m[mar
g§H$ë[Zm§VyZ g§[yU© _mZdOmVrÀ`m AmoW©H$ Xw:Im§M§ oZamH$aU H$aÊ`mV `{Umè`m
XméU, A§oV_ A[èmg§]§YrÀ`m H$maUm§da Amh{. `mVë`m gÎmmMm Om{ C{I Amh{.
Ë`m§À`mH$Sy>Z Or A[{jm Amh{, (Or [war hm{Umar ZmhrM) Vr _mZdr BoVhmgmVë`m
[yd©gyar gÎmm§à_mU{M Amh{. odZmeH$mar AmoU Ym{H$mXm`H$ Aem _mZd_w·VrÀ`m
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Ë`mM gmYr XIc K{Ê`mghr ZH$ma oXc{cm Amh{. AmO gd©H|$Ðr gÎmm Agm C{I
H{$ë`mda "A_{naH$m' Agm Am[U odMma H$aVm{ AmoU V{ ]am{]ahr Amh{. OJ Xwgè`m
_hm`wÕmZ§Va àW_M BV·`m à]i[U{ EH$H|$Ðr Pmc{c§ Amh{. BVH§$ H$s, gÎm{[wT>{
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H$mcI§S> Amh{. [U `m gmè`mMm A_{naH{$À`m cîH$ar gm_Ï`mªer \$magm H$mhr g§]§Y
Zmhr. gÎm{À`m à]i[UmMm Iam _m[X§S> oVcm MwH$m H$aÊ`mM{ oH$Vr ñdmV§Í` Amh{.
Ë`mdê$Z _m{Ocm [mohO{. AmO A_{naH$m à]i Amh{. H$maU A_{naH{$cm MwH$m

H$aÊ`mM§ A_`m©X ñdmV§Í` Amh{. Aem à]i EH$H|$Ðr gÎm{M§ [VZ V{ìhm gwé hm{V§,
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H|$ÐgÎm{Z{ C[^m{JÊ`mM{ [naUm_ P[mQ>çmZ{ g^m{dVmcÀ`m OJmda ìhm`cm cmJVmV.
AmO _mZdr g§ñH¥$Vr odkmZ V§ÌkmZmÀ`m Á`m Q>ßß`mda C^r Amh{. oVW{ OJ h{M
EH$m chmZ I{S>çmgmaI§ Pmc{c§ Amh{. Ë`m_wi{ H|$ÐgÎm{Z{ MwH$m H$aÊ`mM§ A_`m©X
ñdmV§Í` C[^m{Jm`cm gwédmV H{$cr H$s Ë`mM{ [naUm_ OJâ [gaVmV. Ë`mVyZ
_mZdr Xw:I [amH$m{Q>rcm [m{hm{MdUmar odfmar dVw©i§ oZ_m©U hm{VmV. OwÝ`m lÕm
H$m{c_S>VmV. AZ{H$ Zì`m H$ë[Zm OÝ_ K{VmV. Ë`mVcr gdm©V Ym{H$mXm`H$ H$ë[Zm
gdm©V VéU R>aV{. AmoU d¡oH$V{Mm Zmam X{V Vr H|$ÐgÎm{Mm A§V KS>dyZ AmUV{. EH$m
AWm©Z{ Vr H$ë[Zm o[V¥KmVH$s AgV{. H$maU VËH$mocH$ "gÎm{'oedm` oVMm OÝ_
hm{D$ eH$V Zmhr. hm H«$_ AQ>i AgVm{. CËH«$m§VrÀ`m VÎdmgmaImM.
`m gmè`mÀ`m [m©^y_rda ^maV X{emM{ AmoU BWë`m qhXy VÎdkmZmM{
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H$m{UV{hr VÎdkmZ Zmhr. C[oZfX§, ]«÷gyÌ, ZmaXr` gy·V dJ¡a{ H$ë[Zm Amh{V.
Ë`m§Mm _mZdr Xw:Im§g§X^m©V ñdV§Ì[U{ odMma H$am`cm hdm. Ë`m Ë`m H$mimV Ë`m§Zr
H«$m§oVH$maH$Vm XmIdc{crhr Amh{. [U Ë`mV OS>dmXmÀ`m EH$m [¡cyMm A^md Amh{.
Ë`m_wi{M `m H$ë[Zm§M§ g§KQ>Z Zmhr. gÎm{er g§Kf© Zmhr. àË`j gÎm{V [nadV©Z Zmhr.
"qhXwËd' Aer H$mhr H«$m§oVH$mar H$ë[Zm BoVhmgmV H$Yrhr ZìhVr. èñdr Pmc{ë`m
qH$dm \$gc{ë`m AZ{H$ H$ë[Zm§M{ Ordmí_ XmIdyZ Ë`mcm "qhXwËd' Ag{ Zmd X{D$Z
Hw$Ur a{Qy>Z Z{D$ BpÀN>V Ag{c Va Ë`m]Ôc H$éUm Agmdr! Ë`mMm _mZdd§e, _mZdr
BoVhmg, _mZdr gm_moOH$ amOH$s` ]Xc AmoU _w»` åhUO{ odemc _mZdr
Xw:Im§er H$mhrhr g§]§YM Zmhr. Ë`m_wi{ h{ eVH$ Og{ "A_{naH$Z g|À`war' åhUyZ
Am{iIc{ OmUma Zmhr, Vg{M V{ "qhXy eVH$' åhUyZhr Am{iIc{ OmUma Zmhr. `m
eVH$mÀ`m ApñVËdmer, amOH$s`-gm_moOH$ VmÊ`m]mÊ`m§er BWcm ^maVr` g_mO
[yU©[U{ AZo^k Amh{. Amü`© åhUO{ Z{_H$s hrM pñWVr A_{naH$Z g_mOmMr Amh{!
\$·V `m Xm{Ýhr g_mOm§Mr OmJm AmoU E{oVhmogH$ ñWmZ d{Jd{Ji§ Amh{. Ë`m_wi{ Zdr
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Ag{c. gÎmm hr H$YrM A^{Ú ZgV{. h{ H{$di amOH$s` gÎmm§]m]VM Zìh{. Va
AmoW©H$ gÎmm§]m]Vhr Ia{ Amh{. [U gÎmm§Mm ^{X Pmë`mda oZ_m©U hm{V{ Vrhr gÎmmM
AgV{. H$maU _w·VrMr H$ë[Zm AmoU _w·Vr `m§Vcm \$aH$ hm ì`dhmamMm ^mJ

AgVm{. gÎm{À`m ì`dhmamMm, P§PmdmVr H$ë[Zm§Zr VéU _Zm§Mm Vm]m K{Vcm H$s,
gÎmm CcWU{ hm \$·V C[MmamMm ^mJ AgVm{. H{$di gÎmmM Zìh{ Va gÎm{M§ VÎdhr!
[U A§VV: Ë`mVyZ _mZdr _w·Vr e·`M ZgV{.
`{Umè`m H$mimV ZdrZ P§PmdVr Ym{H$mXm`H$ H$ë[Zm OÝ_ K{B©Z. Ë`mVyZ
gÎm{Mr VÎd§ ]XcVrc h{ oZ:g§e`. [U Vr H$ë[Zmhr AmYrÀ`m H$ë[Zm§à_mU{M
Aemór` Ag{c. VéUm§À`m _Zmda amÁ` H$aUmè`m H$ë[Zm oZ:g§e` am{_±oQ>H$
AgVmV. Ë`m oH$Vrhr emór` ^mf{V ocohë`m J{ë`m Varhr. _J Ë`m H$ë[Zm§VyZ Or
H«$m§Vr (OJâ) OÝ_ K{B©c oVMm BoVhmg hm V{ìhmÀ`m e{Iacm V{ìhmÀ`mM Z§oXVmcm
^{Q> Úm`cm AmdS>{c. àý \$·V hm BoVhmg H$m{U ocohUma `mMr Amh{. AmÎmmÀ`m
gd©M c{IH$m§Zm Ë`m§À`m Am`wî`mV Agm na[m{Vm©O ocohVm Amcm Va AmdS>{c. _J
Vm{ oH$Vrhr odZmeH$mar H$m Ag{Zm!
H$maU `mM§ _yi _mZdr Xw:ImV Amh{. AmoU AmOhr V{ A[ma Amh{!
■
_hmamï> Q>mBåg (oXdmir) 2004

amï>r` ñd`§g{dH$ g§K AmoU
_wpñc_ àíZmM§ _yi
am ï>r` ñd`§g{dH$ g§KmMr ñWm[Zm AmoU dmT>

H$m{UË`m EH$m _wÚm^m{dVr H$m`_ o\$aV amohc{cr
Amh{, Ag§ odMmac§ Va "_wpñc_ àíZm^m{dVr' Ag§ W{Q>
CÎma X{Vm `{B©c. amï>r` ñd`§g{dH$ g§Kmodf`r H$mhrhr
ocohVmZm `{Umam EH$ _hÎdmMm àíZ åhUO{ g§KmH$Sy>Z
qH$dm g§KmM{ ghmZw^yVrXma åhUyZ Á`m Hw$Ur O{ H$mhr
ochÿZ R>{dc{c§ Amh{ V{ CJmM Km{iXma AmoU
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gm§Jm{[m§J odMma H$am`cm Amåhmcm d{iM o_imcm Zmhr.'' `mhr [wT>{ OmD$Z J§JmYa
B§XwcH$am§Zr Am[ë`m ""am. ñd. g§K-H$mc, AmO oZ CÚm' `m [wñVH$mV `mg§]§Yr EH$
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odíd qhXy [nafX{Mr AmoU BVa g§KQ>Zm§Mr VWmH$oWV gmYy g§_{cZ§ ]KVmZmM
A§Jmda ehmam `{Vm{. dmQ>V§ H$s, Aa{ ]m[a{! AmVm h{ qhXy§ZmM H$m{UË`m V_m{`wJmV
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Va Ë`mMm XrK©Û{f H$aVmV. _wpñc_ àíZm]m]V g§KmÀ`m `m Ym{aUm_wi{ g§KmMr
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qH$oMVhr gm{S>dVm Amc{cm Zmhr. ]mH$s àíZm§M§ Va XyaM!
_wpñc_ àíZmM§ _yi g§Kmcm Z{_H§$ H$ic§M Zmhr h{ g§KmM§ XméU A[è
_mZm`M§ H$s g§K Varhr dmT>cm h{ è _mZm`M§?
■
gm_Zm (Xgam-oXdmir) 2004

]mB©, ]mOma AmoU
[m°ocoQ>·g Am°\$ g{·g
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■
AZw^d (_mM© 2003)

H$m`©j_Vm AmoU
Z¡oVH$V{Mm àdmg
Z¡ oVH$V{Mm AmoU H$[S>çm§Mm H$m` g§]§Y Amh{?

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Z¡oVH$Vmodam{Yr Or VÎd{ Amh{V, Ë`m§Mm A§JrH$ma Z H$aU{ hr Aem CXmhaUm§Mr
[ohcr AQ> AgV{. ]mø Z¡oVH$V{Vrc àoVH$]ÕVm hr Aem ì`º$tZm øm ì`dñW{V
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VwH$dUmè`m Aem ì`º$s Am[U g_mOmV gd©Ì [hmVm{. Aem§À`m _wImVyZ d
c{IUrVyZ Jm§Yr, H$]ra, odd{H$mZ§XM ]mh{a [S>VmV! Ë`m§À`m [ÕVrV R>ma A^md
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AgV{. àXe©Zm§Zr _mZdr g§ñH¥$VrV O{dT>r â KmVc{cr Amh{, V{dT>rM V{ Kmcy
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H$aVm{ Vm{gwÕm CYma AgVm{. _ycV: _mZdr CËH«$m§VrVrc, VÎdàdmgmVrc hm
Jw§VmJw§VrMm odf` g_OyZ K{Ê`mMr g§ñH¥$Vr Am[U J_mdc{cr Amh{. \$ma [ydu
C[oZfX H$mimV ZroVemómdahr _mZdr _ZmÀ`m g§X^m©V Am[ë`m g_mOmV odMma
hm{V Ag{. [U hr oMÌ{ AmVm \$ma Yyga AmoU o\$H$Q> Pmc{cr Amh{V. ]è`mM
à_mUmV oXgVhr ZmhrV. J{ë`m H$mhr e{H$S>m{ dfm©V OJmVrc BVa g_mOJQ>m§Mr øm
]m]VrV ZwgVm odMma H$aÊ`mMr àJVr Oar [mohcr Var Am[cr _Oc hr
H$mD$oMD$À`m Jm{ï>rBVH$s gm_mÝ` Amh{. CR>gyR> Z¡oVH$V{da ]m{cUmè`m g_mOmÀ`m
Z¡oVH$V{MmM hm àíZ Amh{. AoYH$ H$ê$Z åhUO{ ]m¡oÕH$ H$m`©j_V{Mm hm AoYH$
àíZ Amh{.
H{$di V{dT>çm_wi{gwÕm øm odf`mda ocohVmZm A[amYr[UmM{ dmQ>V{.
■
oX[mdcr (oXdmir) 1995

_amR>r gmohË`mM{
YmJ{ : C^{ AmoU AmS>d{
Am OÀ`m gmohË`mda AmoU gmohpË`H$m§da BV·`m

H$_r eãXmV ocohU{ Iy[M H$R>rU Amh{. Ia§ Va
EImÚm gmohpË`H$mda qH$dm Ë`mÀ`m EImÚm
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■
oX[mdcr (oXdmir) 2001

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■
_hmamï> Q>mBåg (oXdmir) 2005


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