Facultad de Informática. Ingenierı́a en Informática / del Software / de Computadores.

Databases. Course 2016-2017. February 2017 exam solutions. 26/01/2017.

Answers to Exercise 1.

StartDate
PolicyNr Name
Name EndDate Technique

Century
N N
Exhibition Assigned Painting

N N

Holds Paints

Name BirthDate
1 1
4 1
Museum Painter

Name City Master

Apprentice

Teaches

Answers to Exercise 2.

Student(SSN) Person(SSN, Name)

StudentMail(SSN, eMail)

Teacher(SSN, eMail, Position)

Course(Code, Name, Coordinator)

Enrolled(StudentSSN, Course, Year, Grade)

Tutors(Course, Tutor)

– Cardinality constraint 4 in relationship Tutor cannot be represented.

– Total participation constraint in relationship Enrolled cannot be represented.

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Answers to Exercise 3.

alter session set nls_date_format = "DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI";

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.a
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SELECT DISTINCT pe.TFilm

FROM Film pe
JOIN Show pa ON pe.TFilm = pa.TFilm
JOIN Cinema ci ON ci.cod = pa.codCinema
WHERE duration > 90 AND district = 24321;

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.b
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SELECT TFilm
FROM Film pe
JOIN Show pa USING (TFilm)
JOIN Room sa USING (codCinema,numRoom)
JOIN Cinema ci ON ci.cod = codCinema
WHERE pe.duration > 90
GROUP BY TFilm, ci.district
HAVING SUM(capacity) > 300;

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.c
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- (Answer 1: using UNION)

SELECT DISTINCT c.cod, c.district, count(*)

FROM Cinema c
JOIN Show p ON c.cod = p.codCinema
WHERE p.ticketsSold = 0
GROUP BY c.cod, c.district
UNION ALL
SELECT cod, district, 0
FROM Cinema
WHERE cod NOT IN (SELECT codCinema FROM Show WHERE ticketsSold = 0);

-- (Answer 2: using LEFT JOIN)

-- Note that there is a nested subquery in the FROM clause.

SELECT DISTINCT c.cod, c.district, NVL(numShows,0)

FROM Cinema c
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT p.codCinema AS codCinema, COUNT(*) AS numShows
FROM Show p
WHERE p.ticketsSold = 0
GROUP BY p.codCinema)
ON c.cod = codCinema;

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.d
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

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SELECT codCinema
FROM Show
JOIN Film USING (TFilm)
WHERE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM releaseDate) = 2016
AND codCinema NOT IN (
SELECT codCinema
FROM Show
JOIN Film USING (TFilm)
WHERE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM releaseDate) != 2016);

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.e
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- (Answer 1: using >= ALL)

SELECT c.district, COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm)

FROM Cinema c
JOIN Show p ON c.cod = p.codCinema
GROUP BY c.district
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm) >= ALL (
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm)
FROM Cinema c
JOIN Show p ON c.cod = p.codCinema
GROUP BY c.district);

-- (Answer 2: using MAX(COUNT(...)) )

SELECT c.district, COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm)

FROM Cinema c
JOIN Show p ON c.cod = p.codCinema
GROUP BY c.district
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm) = (
SELECT MAX(COUNT(DISTINCT p.TFilm))
FROM Cinema c
JOIN Show p ON c.cod = p.codCinema
GROUP BY c.district);

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.f
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE CinemaShow(p_Cinema Room.CodCinema%TYPE) AS

v_cinemaData VARCHAR(300);
v_count NUMBER;
CURSOR CShow IS
SELECT p.startTime, p.numRoom, p.TFilm, s.capacity - p.ticketsSold availableSeats
FROM Room s
JOIN Show p ON (s.codCinema = p.codCinema AND s.numRoom = p.numRoom)
WHERE S.codCinema = p_Cinema
ORDER BY p.startTime, p.numRoom;

BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’--------------------------------------------------’);
SELECT COUNT(*), ’Cinema: ’|| TRIM(p_Cinema)|| ’, Num of Rooms: ’ || COUNT(*)
|| ’, Total capacity: ’|| SUM(capacity)
INTO v_count,v_cinemaData
FROM Room

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 WHERE codCinema = p_Cinema;

IF v_count = 0 THEN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
END IF;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_cinemaData);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’--------------------------------------------------’);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’ Time Room Film Avail.Seats’);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’--------------------------------------------------’);

FOR rShow IN CShow

LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(rShow.startTime,’HH24:MI’) || ’ ’
|| TO_CHAR(rShow.numRoom,’9999’) || ’ ’
|| RPAD(rShow.TFilm,25) || ’ ’ || TO_CHAR(rShow.availableSeats,’9G999’));
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’--------------------------------------------------’);

EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’Cinema ’ || p_Cinema || ’ does not exist.’);
END;
/

-- Anonymous block for testing the procedure.

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
BEGIN
CinemaShow(333);
END;
/

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 3.g
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TicketsSold

AFTER INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE ON Sales
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF DELETING THEN
UPDATE Show
SET ticketsSold = ticketsSold - :OLD.numSeats
WHERE CodCinema = :OLD.CodCinema
AND NumRoom = :OLD.NumRoom
AND startTime = :OLD.startTime;
ELSIF INSERTING THEN
UPDATE Show
SET ticketsSold = ticketsSold + :NEW.numSeats
WHERE CodCinema = :OLD.CodCinema
AND NumRoom = :OLD.NumRoom
AND startTime = :OLD.startTime;
ELSE
-- The exam does not specify how to deal with this case.
-- If NumRoom or CodCinema changes, we have to record the
-- change in the number of tickets sold in two different rows!
UPDATE Show
SET ticketsSold = ticketsSold - :OLD.numSeats

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 WHERE CodCinema = :OLD.CodCinema
AND NumRoom = :OLD.NumRoom
AND startTime = :OLD.startTime;

UPDATE Show
SET ticketsSold = ticketsSold + :NEW.numSeats
WHERE CodCinema = :OLD.CodCinema
AND NumRoom = :OLD.NumRoom
AND startTime = :OLD.startTime;
END IF;
END;
/

-- We can test the trigger inserting, deleting and updating Sales:

alter session set nls_date_format = ’HH24:MI:SS’;
DELETE FROM Sales;

SELECT * FROM Room WHERE codCinema = 1 AND numRoom = 1 AND startTime = TO_DATE(’18:00:00’);

INSERT INTO Sales (idClient, codCinema, numRoom, startTime, TFilm, numSeats)

VALUES (100, 1, 1, to_date(’18:00:00’), ’Gone with the Wind’, 3);

SELECT * FROM pases WHERE codCinema = 1 AND numSala = 1 AND Hora = TO_DATE(’18:00:00’);

INSERT INTO Sales (idClient, codCinema, numRoom, startTime, TFilm, numSeats)

VALUES (200, 1, 1, to_date(’18:00:00’), ’Gone with the Wind’, 2);

SELECT * FROM Room WHERE codCinema = 1 AND numRoom = 1 AND startDate = TO_DATE(’18:00:00’);

UPDATE Sales SET numSeats = 5 WHERE idClient = 100;

SELECT * FROM Show WHERE codCinema = 1 AND numRoom = 1 AND startDate = TO_DATE(’18:00:00’);

DELETE FROM Sales WHERE idClient = 200;

SELECT * FROM Show WHERE codCinema = 1 AND numRoom = 1 AND startTime = TO_DATE(’18:00:00’);

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Answers to Ejercicio 4.

-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Given the table SALES(Title, TicketsSold), that initially is empty,
-- and the execution of the next sequence of sentences ( autocommit=
-- off)

-- a) Write the values of the column TicketsSold for each row in the
-- table Sales at each point denoted by step N -- (even though the
-- operations have not been committed)

-- b) Show the first sentence of each of the transactions included in

-- the sequence of sentences.

-- c) Does any error arise during execution? If there is an error,

-- explain it.

-- d) At the end of the execution, How many tables would have been
-- created in the database?
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

savepoint step_one;
INSERT INTO SALES VALUES (’My Fair Lady’, 200); -- b) Start of 1st transaction.

-- Step 1 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 200).

savepoint step_two;
update VENTAS
set TicketsSold = TicketsSold + 100
where Title = ’My Fair Lady’;

-- Step 2 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 300).

rollback to savepoint step_two;

-- Step 3 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 200).

update VENTAS
set TicketsSold = TicketsSold + 200
where Title = ’My Fair Lady’;

-- Step 4 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 400).

rollback;

-- Step 5 -- a) All changes are undone. Table SALES is empty

-- (End of transaction. No active transaction).

INSERT INTO VENTAS VALUES (’My Fair Lady’, 1000); -- b) Start of 2nd transaction.
update VENTAS
set TicketsSold = TicketsSold + 300
where Title = ’My Fair Lady’;

-- Step 6 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 1300).

savepoint step_three;
commit;
-- (End of transaction. No active transaction).

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-- Step 7 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 1300).

create table TopSales(Tfilm varchar(20), Total number(5)); -- b) Start of

-- 3rd transaction, ending with an implicit commit.
-- No active transaction.
Insert into TopSales values(’Breakfast at Tiffany’s’, 100); -- b) Start of
-- 4th transaction.

rollback to savepoint step_three;

-- Step 8 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 1300).

-- c) There is an error "ORA-01086 savepoint ’step_three’ never
-- established in this session or is invalid"
-- (but the transaction does not finish)

select * from TopSales where Tfilm = ’Breakfast at Tiffany’s’;

rollback;

-- Step 9 -- a) One row with values (’My Fair Lady’, 1300).

-- All changes since Step 7 are undone.
-- (End of transaction. No active transaction).
-- d) Rollback sentences do not undo any table creation as
-- they are DDL: Both tables are kept: SALES and TOPSALES.