MDID ASSIGNMENT

1. Introduction about machine drawing?

 Machine drawings are graphic representations of any part or any assembly of parts which
we see all around us. Some of the examples are:-electric fan, switch, gear box, grinder,
boiler, valves, electric motor, water pump, printer, car, airplane, ship etc. Machine
drawings give complete information about a part or a component or a group of
components working as one unit.
 This information is in the form of material, measurements, manufacturing process,
machining or finishing process, precision required etc. All or part of this information is
used for designing a part, its manufacturing, its machining and finishing and also in
positioning correctly in final assembly to obtain desirable or predetermined performance.
 The information given by the machine drawings is needed for setting tools, inspection
and quality control, sales and service. In advance methods, the machine drawings are
translated into / interpreted by digital signals and electronic circuits, leading to higher
levels of automation.

 Classifications of Drawings
a) Part Drawing:-Component or part drawing is a detailed drawing of a component to
facilitate its manufacture. All the principles of orthographic projection and the technique
of graphic representation must be followed to communicate the details in a part drawing.
b) Assembly drawing: - a drawing that shows the various parts of a machine in their correct
working locations is an assembly drawing. Fig. 3 shows an example of an assembly drawing.

c) Production Drawing:- A production drawing, also referred to as working drawing,

should furnish all the dimensions, limits and special finishing processes such as heat
treatment, honing, lapping, surface finish, etc., to guide the craftsman on the shop floor in
producing the component. The title should also mention the material used for the product,
number of parts required for the assembled unit.

2. Introduction about sheet layout and sketching?

 Sheet layout:-Standard layouts of drawing sheets are specified by the various
standards organizations.
 The figure shows the layout of a typical sheet, showing the drawing frame, a typical title
block, parts list (bill of materials) and revision table.
 Sheet Frames:-It is standard practice for a drawing frame to be printed on each sheet,
defining a margin around the outside of drawing area.
 Title Block:-The title block is normally placed in the bottom right of the drawing frame,
and it should contain the following information:

 the name of the company or organization

 the title of the drawing
 the drawing number, which is generally a unique filing identifier
 the scale
 the drawing size
 the angle of projection used, either first or third, generally shown symbolically
 the signature or initials of the draftsman, checker, approving officer, and issuing officer,
with the respective dates
 the material of the part
 the revision number
 the sheet number for multi-sheet drawings
 Other information as required (tolerances, surface finish, etc.
 Layout of title block

Drawing sheets dimensions

 Sketching:-Sketching is understood as a key factor for creative expression, one the

most effective visual thinking tools and so applied for design. Is considered the principal
approach by which design engineers externalize their concepts and where the drawings
provide visual clues for refinement and revision.
 Engineering Design researchers as well as professionals agrees the value of sketching to
enhance visual thinking and so creativity, but sketching presence in engineering
education is so few. There is a decrease in class hours for graphical subjects in current
engineering curricula.
  Moreover, these even pay more attention to metric geometry and CAD training, and so
sketching practice is almost totally displaced by modern computer-aided tools. Our
 appreciation is that sketching is not valued as a powerful visual thinking tool and seen as
an old drawing method, replaced by new computer drafting interfaces.

3. Assembly and detailed drawing of cotter joint?

 A cotter joint, also known as a socket and spigot joint, is a method of temporarily joining
two coaxial rods. One rod is fitted with a spigot, which fits inside a socket on one end of
the other rod. Slots in the socket and the spigot align so that a cotter can be inserted to
lock the two rods together.
 Cotter joints are used to support axial loads between the two rods, tensile or compressive.
Although a cotter joint will resist rotation of one rod relative to the other, it should not be
used to join rotating shafts. This is because the cotter will not be balanced and may work
loose under the combination of vibration and centrifugal force.

 Assembly drawing of cotter joint.

 Detailed drawing of cotter joint.