Statutory Requirement of

Electrical System at
Substations
of Petroleum industry

Suresh Zanwar
Dy. Gen. Manager Projects
 The Indian Electricity Act, 1910

 Provided basic framework for electric

supply industry in India.
 Growth of the sector through licensees.
License by State Govt.
 Provision for license for supply of
electricity in a specified area.
 Legal framework for laying down of wires
and other works.
 Provisions laying down relationship
between licensee and consumer.
 The Indian Electricity Act, 1910

Indian electricity rule 1956 :

as per section 37 of the Indian Electricity
Act, 1910 for regulating the generation
transmission supply and use of electrical
energy
 The Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948

 Mandated creation of SEBs.

 Need for the State to step in (through
SEBs) to extend electrification (so far
limited to cities) across the country.
 Main amendments to the Indian
Electricity Supply Act
 Amendment in 1975 to enable generation in
Central sector.

 Amendment in 1991 to open generation to

private sector.

 Amendment in 1998 to provide for private

sector participation in transmission, and also
provision relating to Transmission Utilities.
 The Electricity Regulatory
Commission Act, 1998
 Provision for setting up of Central / State
Electricity Regulatory Commission with
powers to determine tariffs.

 Constitution of SERC optional for States.

 Distancing of Government from tariff

determination.
 Energy Conservation Act, 2001
 The Act primarily ensures energy efficiency
in consumption & consequently Demand
Side Management (DSM) for reducing need
for installing new capacity.

 Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has

been set up on 1st March, 2002 for
formulating norms for processes,
consumption standards, testing,
certification and labeling procedures etc.
 Electricity Act 2003
 It is a comprehensive legislation replacing
Electricity Act 1910, Electricity Supply Act
1948 and Electricity Regulatory
Commission Act 1998.

 The aim is to push the sector onto a

trajectory of sound commercial growth and
to enable the States and the Centre to
move in harmony and coordination.

 The objective is to introduce competition,

protect consumer’s interests and provide
power for all.
 Electricity Act 2003

 The Act provides for National Electricity

Policy, Rural Electrification, Open access in
transmission, phased open access in
distribution, mandatory SERCs, license free
generation and distribution, power trading,
mandatory metering and stringent penalties
for theft of electricity
Indian Power Sector- Pre and Post EA 2003
 Institutional Framework
Central Power Organization
GOVERNMENT STATE
OF INDIA GOVERNMENT

DEPT. OF NATIONAL MINISTRY MNES CERC

ATOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF POWER
ENERGY COUNCIL

NRB AEC NPC PLANNING CENTRAL THDC PGCIL PFC

COMMISSION ELECTRICITY REC
AUTHORITY

ENERGY NPTI
DVC NJPC NTPC CPRI
MANAGEMENT
BBMB NHPC
CENTRE
NEEPCO
 State Power Organization
STATE
GOVERNMENT

MINISTRY OR
SERC DEPARTMENT OF
POWER
STATE
ELECTRICITY
INSPECTION
ORGANISATION

STATE STATE PRIVATE

ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY SECTOR
BOARDS DEPARTMENTS LICENSEES
 Statutory bodies
CEA (Central Electricity Authority )
A statutory organization deals in Arbitration, Advice, Power
Policy as per section 73 of the Electricity Act, 2003

PESO (Petroleum &Explosives Safety Organisation)

Organisation comes under, Ministry of Commerce and Industry,
ensuring safety and security of public and property from fire and
explosion

OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate )

Technical. Directorate under. MOP&NG. Oversees HSE. Matters
in. Oil & Gas Industry. Formulates Safety. Standards

CPRI Central Power Research Institute

Power Engineering Research Equipment Testing and certification
 Statutory bodies
CERC (Central Electricity Regulatory commission )
to regulate the tariff , to regulate the inter-State transmission,
ormulating standards relating to quality, continuity and reliability
of service for the electricity industry

SERC (State Electricity Regulatory Commissions) :

Similar function as CERC at state level

MOEF 1974 Policy, Legislation – CPCB standards

Air , Water , Noise
 CEA Regulations

Measures relating to safety and Electric supply,

Amendment Regulations 2010, Amend 2011 , 2015

Technical Standards for Construction of Electrical Plants

and Electric Lines, 2010 , Amend 2013 and 2015 -
Charter - IV
Installation and Operation of meters, 2006 Amend 2010, 2014

Grid Standards for operation and maintenance of transmission lines

Statistics and Return Standards

Technical Standards for Connectivity of the Distributed Generation

Resources Regulations, 2010

Procedure for Transaction of Business Regulations, 2006

 PESO ACT / REGULATION

EXPLOSIVES ACT, 1884:

Explosives Rules, 2008

Gas Cylinder Rules, 2004
Static & Mobile Pressure Vessels
(Unfired) Rules, 1981
Ammonium Nitrate Rules, 2012
Notification No. GSR 625(E) dated 07.08.1983 regarding
Acetylene Generation

PETROLEUM ACT, 1934:

Petroleum Rules, 2002
Calcium Carbide Rules, 1987
Cinematography Film Rules, 1948
Electrical relevant OISD standards
OISD –STD -105 : Work permit system
OISD – RP -110 : Recommended practice on static electricity
OISD –STD –113 : Classification of Area for Electrical
Installations at Hydrocarbon Processing &
Handling Facilities
OISD –STD-137 : Inspection of Electrical Equipment
OISD-RP- 146 : Preservation of idle electrical equipment
OISD-RP- 147 : Inspection & safe practices during electrical
installations
OISD-RP- 148 : Inspection & safe practices during
overhauling electrical equipment
OISD-RP- 149 : Design aspects for safety in electrical
systems
OISD-STD-173 : Fire Prevention and Protection System for
Electrical Installations
OISD-GDN-180 : Lightning Protection
 CEA (Measures relating to safety and
Electric supply, Amendment
Regulations 2010)

Indian electricity rule 1956 supersede by CEA 2010

Which is also under revision draft is published on

2015

CEA 2010 regulation has total 116 regulations

 CEA (Measures relating to safety and
Electric supply, Regulations 2010)
CEA carry out Periodic inspection of premises under regulation 30

30. Periodical inspection and testing of Installations: -

(1) Where an installation is already connected to the supply
system of the supplier or trader,

either by the
Electrical Inspector or by the supplier as may be
directed by the State Government in this behalf or in the case
of installations belonging
to, or under the control of the Central Government, and in the
case of installation in mines, oilfields and railways, by the
Central Government.
 CEA 2010 : regulation 30
In the event of the

pointed out by the Electrical Inspector in his

report and within the time indicated therein,

under the directions of the Electrical Inspector after serving the

owner of such installation with a notice for not less than forty
eight hours.

Provided that the installation

is made under sub-rule (1) of rule (8) of
"Qualifications, Powers and Functions of Chief Electrical
Inspector and Electrical Inspectors issued by Central
Government vide GSR 481 (E).dated 17.08.2006 and the
appellate authority has stayed the orders of disconnection.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 3

Designating person(s) to operate and carry out the work

on electrical lines and apparatus:-

(1) A supplier or a consumer, or the owner, agent or manager of

mine, or the agent of any company operating in an oil field or
the owner of a drilled well in an oil field or a contractor who has
entered into a contract with a supplier or a. consumer to carry
out duties incidental to the generation, transformation,
transmission, conversion, distribution or use of electricity
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 3
(2) The supplier or consumer, or the owner, agent or manager
of a mine, or the agent of any company operating in an oil-field
or the owner of a drilled well in an oil field or a contractor

referred to on sub-regulation (1)

(3) No person shall be designated under sub-regulation (l)

unless, -

(i) He possesses a certificate of competency or electrical work

permit, issued by the Appropriate Government
(ii) His name is entered in the register referred to in sub
regulation (2)
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 5
5. Electrical Safety Officer:-

(1) All suppliers of electricity including generating companies,

transmission companies and distribution companies
for
ensuring observance of safety measures specified under
these regulations in their organization for construction,
operation and maintenance of power stations, sub-stations,
transmission and distribution lines.

(2) The Electrical Safety Officer

#

of experience in operation and maintenance of

electricity plants or an Electrical Engineering Diploma holder
with at least fifteen years of experience in operation and
maintenance of electric plant.

# : As amended in regulation 2015

 CEA 2010 : Regulation 7

7. Safety measures for operation and maintenance of

transmission, distribution systems:

(1) Engineers or supervisors engaged in operation and

maintenance of transmission and distribution systems

from
a recognized institute or university.

(2) The to assist engineers or supervisors shall

,
preferably with a
recognized by the Central Government or
State Government.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 7

(3) Engineers, supervisors and Technicians engaged for

operation and maintenance of transmission and distribution
systems electric plants should have
as specified in
Schedule-II

Provided that the existing employees shall have to undergo the

training mentioned in sub- regulation (3) within three years
from the date of coming into force of these regulations

(4) Owner of every transmission or distribution system shall

arrange for training of their personal engaged in the operation
and maintenance of transmission and distribution system in his
own institute or any other institute recognized by the Central
Government or State Government.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 12

12. General safety requirements, pertaining to

construction, installation, protection, operation and
maintenance of electric supply lines apparatus: -

(1) All electric supply lines and apparatus

for power, insulation and estimated fault
current and of sufficient mechanical strength, for the duty cycle
which they may be required to perform under the environmental
conditions of installation,

of human beings,
animals and property.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 12

(2) Save as otherwise provided in these regulations, the

relevant
or National Electrical Code, if any,
out the purposes of this regulation and in
the event of any inconsistency, the provisions of these
regulations shall prevail.

(3) The
to the relevant specifications of the Bureau of
or International Electro-Technical
Commission where such specifications have already been laid
down.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 12

(4)
as declared by local
Municipal Authorities and where such equipment is to be
installed in the basement, consumer shall ensure that the
design of the basement should be such that there is
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 12

(4)
as declared by local
Municipal Authorities and where such equipment is to be
installed in the basement, consumer shall ensure that the
design of the basement should be such that there is
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 12
• Updated Single Line Diagram shall be displayed at
substation
• Warning label shall be provided at rear of all LT
Panels indicating “Isolate supply before opening
this cover”.
• Direction of rotation shall be marked with paint on
all motors and DG sets.
• All motor couplings shall be provided with coupling
cover.
• Silica Gel of the transformers shall be replaced.
• Base of DG set shall be earthed.
• HT and LT side of transformer shall be identified
with voltage level.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 14

14. Switchgear on consumer’s premises: -

(1) The supplier

in each conductor of every service line
other than an earthed or earthed neutral conductor
or the earthed external conductor of a concentric
cable , in an
accessible position and such switchgear shall be
contained within an adequately enclosed fireproof
receptacle:
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 15

15. Identification of earthed and earthed neutral

conductors and position of switches and switchgear
therein: -

(i) shall be
provided by the owner of the earthed or earthed
neutral conductor, or the conductor which is to be
connected thereto,
and
such indication shall be provided-

(a) Where the earthed or earthed neutral conductor

is the property of the supplier, at or near the point of
commencement of supply;
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 15

(ii)

of a two wire-system or in any earthed or

earthed neutral conductor of a multi- wire system or
in any conductor connected thereto
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 15

(ii)

of a two wire-system or in any earthed or

earthed neutral conductor of a multi- wire system or
in any conductor connected thereto
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 16
16. Earthed terminal on consumer’s premises: -

(1) The and maintain on the

consumer’s premises for the consumer’s use,
in an accessible position at or near the
point of commencement of supply.

Provided that in the case of installation of voltage exceeding

250V the , in addition to the
aforementioned earthing arrangement,

Provided further that the supplier may not provide any earthed
terminal in the case of installations already connected to his
system on or before the date to be specified by
the State Government in this behalf if he is satisfied that the
consumer’s earthing arrangement is efficient.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 17

17. Accessibility of bare conductors:

Where are used in a building, the owner
of such conductors shall,- (a) Ensure that they
;

(b)
for rendering them dead whenever necessary;
and

(c) Take such other safety measures as are specified in the

relevant Indian Standards.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 18

18. Danger Notices: -

All faded in Hindi or English and

the local language of the district, of appropriate voltage,

at Electrical
substation, Transformers and Motors.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 18

19. Handling of electric supply lines and apparatus:

(1)
, adequate precautions shall be taken, by
earthing or other suitable means, to
such conductor or apparatus, and any
adjacent conductor or apparatus if there is danger
there from, and to prevent any conductor or
apparatus from being accidentally or inadvertently
electrically charged when persons are working
thereon.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 18

19. Handling of electric supply lines and apparatus:

(2) Every person who is working on an electric

supply line or apparatus or both shall be
such as

, line testers, hand lines and the like for

protecting him from mechanical and electrical injury
and such tools and devices shall always be
maintained in sound and efficient working condition.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 19
19. Handling of electric supply lines and apparatus:

shall be
laid and pasted in front of LT panels.

Suitable and effective

shall be put in place for electrical substation so that
before any apparatus is handled, adequate precautions shall be
taken by earthing or the suitable means to discharge electrically
such apparatus and any adjacent apparatus if there is any
danger there from, and to prevent any apparatus from being
accidently or inadvertently electrically charged when persons
are working thereon.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 21
21. Cables for portable or transportable apparatus: -

(1)
motors, generators, transformers,
rectifiers, electric drills, electric sprayers, welding sets or any
other portable or transportable apparatus unless they are
heavily insulated and adequately protected from mechanical
injury.

(2) Where the protection is by means of metallic covering, the

covering shall be in metallic connection with the frame of any
such apparatus and earthed.

(3) The
for portable and transportable apparatus working
on single phase and three phase supply respectively and the
wire meant to be used for ground connection shall be easily
identifiable.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 21
21. Cables for portable or transportable apparatus: -

(1)
motors, generators, transformers,
rectifiers, electric drills, electric sprayers, welding sets or any
other portable or transportable apparatus unless they are
heavily insulated and adequately protected from mechanical
injury.

(2) Where the protection is by means of metallic covering, the

covering shall be in metallic connection with the frame of any
such apparatus and earthed.

(3) The
for portable and transportable apparatus working
on single phase and three phase supply respectively and the
wire meant to be used for ground connection shall be easily
identifiable.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 27

27. Provisions applicable to protective equipment.-

(1) and
ready for immediate use for extinguishing fires in addition to
fire extinguishers suitable for dealing with fires, shall be
conspicuously marked and kept in all generating stations,
enclosed sub- stations and switching-stations in convenient
location

(2) The for

satisfactory operation as per relevant Indian
Standard and record of such tests
shall be maintained.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 27
(3)
and equipped with such contents as the State
Government may specify, shall be provided and maintained
in every generating station, enclosed sub-station, enclosed
switching station and in vehicles used for maintenance of lines
so as to be readily accessible during all working hours and all
such boxes and cupboards shall, except, in the case of
unattended sub-stations and switching stations, be kept in
charge of responsible persons' who are

(4)
conspicuously and installed and maintained at accessible places
in every generating station with capacity of 5 MW and above
and enclosed sub-station, with transformation capacity of 5 MVA
and above for use in the event of fire or smoke;
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 28
28. Display of instructions for resuscitation of persons
suffering from electric shock: -

(1) , in English or Hindi and the local language

of the District and
shall be affixed; by the
owner in a conspicuous place in enclosed sub-station and in
every factory as defined in clause (m) of section 2 of the
Factory Act, 1948 (63 of 1948) in which electricity is used.

(2) The owner of every enclosed sub-station shall ensure that

all designated
with and are competent to apply the instructions
referred to in sub-regulation (1).

(3) an shall be provided and kept in

good working condition.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 29
29. Precautions to be adopted by consumers, owners,
occupiers, electrical contractors, electrical workmen and
suppliers:-

(1) , including additions,

alterations, , except such replacement of lamps; fans,
fuses, switches, domestic appliances of voltage not exceeding
250V and fittings as in no way alters its capacity or character,
on behalf of any consumer, supplier,
owner or occupier for the purpose of supply to such consumer,
supplier, owner or occupier

or
recognized by the State Government.
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 41
41. Connection with earth: -

The following conditions shall apply to the connection with earth

of systems at voltage normally exceeding 125 V but not
exceeding 650 V, namely: -

(i) of a 3-phase, 4-wire system and the

middle conductor of a 2- phase, 3- wire system

to bring the earth resistance

to a satisfactory value at the sub-station.
(ii)
.
(
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 41

(xii) the every generator, stationary motor, portable

motor, and the metallic parts, not intended as conductors, of
all transformers and any other apparatus used for
regulating or controlling electricity, and

V but not exceeding 650 V

(xiii)

.
(
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 41

(xiv) all or metallic coverings containing or

protecting any electric supply line or
apparatus

:
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 41

(xv) ll, -
(a) Consist of equi-potential bonding conductors

and a group of pipes, rods and plate electrodes for

as per relevant Indian Standards in

order to maintain all non-current carrying metal works
reasonably at earth potential and to avoid dangerous contact
potentials being developed on such metal works;
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 41

(b) limit earth resistance sufficiently low to permit adequate

fault current for the operation of protective devices in time
and to reduce neutral shifting;
(c) be mechanically strong, withstand corrosion and retain
electrical continuity during the life of the installation and all
earthing systems shall be tested to ensure efficient earthing,
before the electric supply lines or apparatus are energized.
(xvi) All earthing systems belonging to the supplier shall in
addition,
 CEA 2010 : Regulation 42

42. Earth leakage protective device: -

The supply of electricity to every electrical installation other
than voltage not exceeding 250
V below 5 kW and those installations of voltage not exceeding

so as to disconnect the
supply instantly on the occurrence of earth fault or leakage of
current:
Provided that such earth leakage protective device shall not be
required for overhead supply lines having protective devices
which are effectively bonded to the neutral of supply
transformers and conforming to regulation 73.

54 : Supply to an X-ray or similar high-frequency installation

 CEA 2010 : Regulation 46

46. Testing, Operation and Maintenance: -

of voltage
exceeding 650 V which has been
, from the system for
alterations or repair,
such apparatus, cable or supply line are
as per code of practice
of Bureau of Indian Standards.
 CEA 2010 : Schedule IV

Inspection & testing report submission as per

schedule IV -

FORM I : Upto 250 V

FORM II : 250 V up to 650 V
FORM III : Above 650 V

Application form for inspection –C

 Minimum safety working clearance to be
maintained as per schedule VII

shall not allow any encroachment below such installation

 OSID 137 : Motor
Onstream Inspection items:
General Cleanliness / gaskets / tightness to avoid water ingress
Corrosion effect (external)
Surface Overheating/sparking
Ventilation (Tubes cleaning)
Vibration
Abnormal noise
External damages
Load (Amperes)
Lubrication / greasing of motor
Cooling System (Fan cleaning)
Provision of Guards to moving parts
Condition of commutator, brushes and collector rings for slipring
and synchronous motors
Healthiness Ex ‘D’ , Check all bolts
Effect of supply system disturbances such as voltage drop, power
dip etc. (as given in the log entries at substation)
 OSID 137 : Motor
Shutdown Inspection items :
Mechanical freeness of rotor shaft
Insulation resistance
Winding resistance (Measurement)
Earth resistance and continuity
Operation of
-- Space heater
-- Temperature detector
-- Interlocks/trips
-- Annunciation circuits
Availability of all protective devices and circuits in line as per
design, and all in operating condition.
Condition of remote tripping devices & limit switches
Limit & torque switches (in the case of motor operated valves)
for proper functioning.
manufacturer
 OSID 137 : Motor

Oil level in lubricating gear case.

Moisture absorption ( Di-electric Absorption Test)*
Insulation deterioration (Polarisation Index Test)
Condition of supporting legs, pedestal and base plate
Condition of the foundation and tightness of
foundation bolts.
Any carryover of oil or grease inside the windings
Signature analysis (optional)
Tan delta test (optional)
Any other inspection recommended by the
manufacturer
 OSID 137 : Motor

The standby rotary equipment

remaining idle for more than 6 months,
should additionally be checked for-
a) Free rotation of shaft
b) Proper functioning of space heater
circuit
c) Weather protection.
d) Insulation resistance of motor with
cable.
 OSID 137 : VFD/ U.P.S/Invertor
Onstream Inspection items:
General cleanliness and external damage
Condition of ventilation and detection of any overheating
Dust free and temperature controlled environment
Thermography of panels
Preventive maintenance and condition monitoring
Earthing connection healthiness including earthing between
panel door and panel.
Checking of cooling system and its flow
Any other inspection recommended by the manufacturer
Shutdown Inspection items:
Internal damages including condition of heat exchangers.
Pitting of contacts
Voltage and wave forms
Tightness of wiring connections
Operation of protective devices and changeover circuits
Functional checks for all circuits, and annunciation
 OISD 137 : Switchboard and Panel
Onstream Inspection items:
General Cleanliness
Weather protection / Space heater
Dust and vermin-proofness
External damages
Control supply availability : Very important
Ventilation system
Accessibility for maintenance /operation
Functioning of meters, and lamp indicators
Correctness of relay settings (for critical services)
Thermography of panels, as applicable
Insulating Mats checking
manufacturer
 OISD 137 : Switchboard and Panel
Condition of earthing connection including earthing
between panel door and panel.
Insulation and earth resistance
Electrical resistance of breaker
Internal damages (breakage of barriers, arc chute cracks,
jamming solenoid, dirt/dust accumulation in any part etc.)
Operation of
-- Protection, control and interlock circuits
-- Circuit breaker (rack-in-out mechanism, springs of
driver)
-- Simultaneous closing/opening of all the three phases.
-- Contactor operation
-- Space heater operation
-- Safety shutters
-- Adjustment of limit switches
 OISD 137 : Switchboard and Panel

Tightness of all bolts, cable connections, and terminals

Condition of contacts, contact alignment, and clearances
with live parts
Breaker closing and opening time & total relay operating
time
Checking and calibration of relays
Checking of VCB bottles for healthiness (Inspection
frequency 3Y)
 OSID 137 : Transformer, Reactors & Bus duct
Onstream Inspection items:
Oil leakage : Most damaging thing
Oil level (in transformer, bushing and conservator tank)
Condition of silica gel : Replace every six monthly irrespective of
condition
Oil/ Winding temperature meters working
Operation of cooling fans & surface temperature
Annunciation (for abnormal conditions)
Corrosion effect (external)
Condition of oil soak pit and oil drainage arrangement
Sealing of bus duct entry on both sides of wall (for vapour
/dust/water tightness) ,cable end sealing and terminal boxes
Transformer oil testing as per IS:1866 / OLTC oil testing
DGA of Transformer oil
Checking of water sprinkler/ NIFP for transformer fire fighting
system.
 OSID 137 : Transformer, Reactors & Bus duct
Shutdown Inspection:
Terminal connection in primary & secondary
Operation of protection and annunciation circuits
Internal damages, condition of supports, bus duct, flexibles and
insulators
Insulation resistance of primary and secondary windings
Earth resistance and earth continuity
Condition of Explosion vent diaphragm
WTI & OTI calibration
Transformers Cooling fans auto start interlock testing
Checking of Buchholz relay operation
Completeness with all accessories
NGR checking
OLTC M&I as per OEM recommendation
Tan-delta testing of Transformer/ Reactor – 3Y
Any other inspection recommended by the manufacturer
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