FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY  
  DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY  
   
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY
   
   
LABORATORY REPORT
   
COURSE CODE BNP 20103
   
EXPERIMENT CODE & TITLE MKSA – 05- SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP
   
EXPERIMENT DATE  
   
SECTION/GROUP NO.  
   

1.
2.
GROUP MEMBERS 3.
4.
5.

1.
LECTURER/ INSTRUCTOR
2.
   
SUBMISSION DATE  
   

RECEIVED DATE AND STAMP  

EXAMINER’S COMMENTS
 

   
 
               
CLO3: Display technically the given hydraulics and hydrology problems through laboratory tasks/project effectively (P4, PLO4)
Subattribute Leve 1 (Very Weak) 2 (Weak) 3 (Fair) 4 (Good) 5 (Very Good) Weight Score
l
Generation of Solutions P1 Not able to select Able to evaluate Able to evaluate Able to evaluate Able to evaluate 1  
appropriate alternative several solutions but several solutions and several solutions and several solutions and
solution. not able to select an able to select a clearly and accurately able to clearly and
appropriate solution solution that select alternative accurately select
with maximum partially solves a solutions without alternative solutions in
assistance. problem with assistance. detail.
minimum assistance.
Problem Identification P2 Not able to explain a Able to partially Able to explain a Independently able to Able to provide 2  
problem, even with explain a problem problem with explain a problem explanation of problem
assistance. with maximum minimum assistance. clearly without very clearly and
assistance. assistance. accurately.
Application P3 Not able to apply any Limited ability to Able to apply new Able to apply new Able to apply new idea 3  
new idea or knowledge apply new idea or idea or knowledge idea or knowledge or knowledge to a
to a given problem. knowledge. to a given problem to a given problem given problem and able
with assistance from independently. to propose alternative
lecturer or student. applications.
Analysis P4 Not able to organise and Finds difficulty in Able to organise Able to organise and Able to organise and 4  
analyse gathered organizing and and analyse gathered analyse gathered analyse gathered
information or data and analysing gathered information or data information or data, information or data,
fails to define the factors information or data but does clearly describe some clearly describe the
that contribute to the and finds difficulty in not clearly describe factors that contribute factors that contribute
problem/issue or explain explaining the factors the factors that to the problem/issue to the problem/issue or
the root of the problem. that neither contribute contribute to or explain the possible explain the root of the
to the problem/issue the problem/issue roots of the problem. problem.
nor explains the root or clearly explain
of the problem. the root of the
problem.

Lab Report Assessment Rubrics

Faculty: FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Section:    
Programme: BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY WITH HONOURS Group No:    
1
Course/Code: HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY LABORATORY/ BNP20103 Group Members: )
2
Experiment Title: )
3
)
4
)
5
 )

CLO4: Comply the ability to work in group ethically and effectively in order to solve problems given (A2, PLO5)
Subattribute Leve 1 (Very Weak) 2 (Weak) 3 (Fair) 4 (Good) 5 (Very Good) Weigh Scor
l t e
Work Responsibility A1 Does not follow the Follow the scope of Follow the scope of Follow the scope of Follow the scope of 1  
scope of work even work with close work and meets work and exceeds work and beyond
with close supervision supervision expectation expectation expectation
Foster good A2 No clear evidence of Able to foster Able to foster Able to foster good High ability to foster 2  
relationship ability to foster good relationship and work relationship and work relationship and work good relationship and
relationships and work together with other together with other together with other work together
together effectively group members group members group members effectively with other
with other group towards goal towards goal towards goal group members towards
members towards goal achievement but with achievement with achievement goal achievement
achievement. limited effect and some effect(s) and
require improvements require minor
improvements
Time Management A2 No attempt to complete Rarely completes Occasionally Completes work on Completes tasks ahead 1  
work on time. Not able work on time. Not completes work on time by taking of schedule by creating
to manage time. able to manage time time. Tries to manage advantage of the time a plan and scheduling
well. time. provided and by time to complete the
using time work.
management skills.
Effort A2 No effort to complete Minimal effort to Sufficient effort to Good effort to Excellent effort to 2  
task complete task complete task complete task complete task
 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY

LABORATORY PAPER INSTRUCTION

Subject Code BNP20103

Experiment Code MKSA – 05

Experiment Title SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP

Section 1 2 3 4 5 6
                 

   
   

  STUDENT CODE OF ETHICS  

   
  FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY  
   
  DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY  
   
   
   

I hereby declare that I have prepared this report with my own efforts. I also admit to not
accept or provide any assistance in preparing this report and anything that is in it is true.
   
   
   
   
1
  ) Group Leader       (Signature)  
  Name :        
  Matrix No. :        
   
2
  ) Group Member 1       (Signature)  
  Name :        
  Matrix No. :        
   
3
  ) Group Member 2       (Signature)  
  Name :        
  Matrix No. :        
   
4
  ) Group Member 3       (Signature)  
  Name :        
  Matrix No. :        
   
                 
 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY PAGE NO :
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING EDITION : 1
TECHNOLOGY REVIEW NO : 1
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY EFFECTIVE DATE : 28/01/2018
TITLE : SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP AMENDMENT DATE : 26/01/2018

SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP

1.0 OBJECTIVE
To study the characteristics of pump operation with variable flow rate

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the course, students should be able to apply the knowledge and skills they have learned
to:
 To demonstrate the basic operation and characteristic of centrifugal pumps.
 To differentiate the performance curve of a single pump and of two identical pumps that are
run in series or parallel.
 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY PAGE NO :
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING EDITION : 1
TECHNOLOGY REVIEW NO : 1
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY EFFECTIVE DATE : 28/01/2018
TITLE : SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP AMENDMENT DATE : 26/01/2018
3.0 THEORY
Pumps are devices that transfer mechanical energy from a prime mover into fluid energy to produce the flow
of liquids. There are two broad classifications of pumps: positive displacement and dynamic.

Dynamic Pumps
Dynamic pumps add energy to the fluid by the action of rotating blade, which increases the velocity of the
fluid. Figure shows the construction features of a centrifugal pump, the most commonly used type of
dynamic pumps.

Figure 1: Construction features of a centrifugal pump

Horizontal Single Stage Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal pumps have two major components:

1. The impeller consists of a number of curved blades (also called vanes) attached in a regular pattern to
one side of a circular hub plate that is connected to the rotating driveshaft.
2. The housing (also called casing) is a stationary shell that enclosed the impeller and supports the rotating
drive shaft via a bearing.

A centrifugal pump operates as follows. When the prime mover rotates the driveshaft, the impeller fluid is
drawn in axially through the center opening (called the eye) of the housing. The fluid then makes a 90 0 turn
and flows radially outward. As energy is added to the fluid by the rotating blades (centrifugal action and
actual blade force), the pressure and velocity increase until the fluid reaches the outer tip of the impeller.
The fluid then enters the volute-shaped housing whose increased flow area causes the velocity to decrease.
This action results in a decrease in kinetic energy and an accompanying increase in pressure.

The volute-shaped housing also provides a continuous increase in flow area in the direction of flow to
produce a uniform velocity as the fluid travels around the outer portion of housing and discharge opening.

Although centrifugal pumps provide smooth and continuous flow, their flow rate output (also called
discharge) is reducing as the external resistance is increase. In fact, by closing a system valve (thereby
creating theoretically infinite external system resistance) even while the pump is running at design speed, it
is possible to stop pump output flow completely. In such a case, no harm occurs to the pump unless this no-
flow condition occurs over extended period with resulting excessive fluid temperature build up. Thus
pressure relief valves are not needed. The tips of the impeller blade merely shear through the liquid, and the
rotational speed maintains a fluid pressure corresponding to the centrifugal force established. Figure 1
shows the cutaway of a centrifugal pump.

Pump Head versus Flowrate Curves for Centrifugal Pumps

 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY PAGE NO :
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING EDITION : 1
TECHNOLOGY REVIEW NO : 1
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY LABORATORY EFFECTIVE DATE : 28/01/2018
TITLE : SERIES & PARALLEL PUMP AMENDMENT DATE : 26/01/2018
4.0 EQUIPMENT
i) Series and Parallel Pump Apparatus

8 4

9
2

10

Figure 7: Equipment assembly

1. Pump, P1
2. Pump, P2
3. Water Tank
4. Pressure Indicator
5. Flow Indicator
6. Venturi
7. Valve
8. Inverter
9. Differential Pressure Transmitter (DPT)
5.0 PROCEDURE
Experiment 1 - Single Pump Operation

Objective: To study the characteristics of single pump operation with variable flow rate.

Equipment Set Up:

Fully Closed Fully Opened Variable

Pump ON
Valve Valve Parameter
V2 & V3 V1 & V4 V5 Pump 1

Procedures:

1. Ensure that all setting follows the equipment set up.

2. Test the pump characteristics under the following conditions and record the data.

i. Maximum motor speed with varied V5 opening.

ii. V5 fully opened with varied motor speed.

3. Record the DPT reading in mbar. The velocity of the fluid at the venturi can be

calculated with equation 4 and 5.

4. Tabulate the overall efficiency and the velocity at the venturi.

Experiment 2 – Pumps-in-Series Operation

Objective: To study the characteristics of pump-in-series operation with variable flowrate.

Equipment Set Up:

Fully Closed Fully Opened Variable

Pump ON
Valve Valve Parameter
V2 & V4 V1 & V3 V5 Both Pump

Procedures:

1. Ensure that all setting follows the equipment set up.

2. Test the pump characteristics under the following conditions and record the data.
6.0 RESULT AND CALCULATIONS

Experiment 1(i): Single Pump Data sheet

Flow Rate Pressure Pressure Pressure Electrical Torque 1 Pump DPT

(FI) Gauge 1 Gauge 2 Gauge 3 Power (W) (TQ1) Speed (mBar)
LPM (PI1) (PI2) (PI3) Nm (SPD1)
bar abs bar abs bar abs rpm
90 0.9 14 1.3 345 3.9 2876 44
80 0.9 1.5 1.5 330 3.8 2877 33
70 1 1.6 1.6 311 3.6 2883 23
60 1 1.7 1.7 295 3.5 2890 17
50 1 1 1.8 277 3.3 2900 10
40 1 1.9 1.9 256 3.1 2903 6

Experiment 1(ii): Single Pump Data sheet

Flow Rate Pressure Pressure Pressure Electrical Torque 1 Pump DPT

(FI) Gauge 1 Gauge 2 Gauge 3 Power (W) (TQ1) Speed (mBar)
LPM (PI1) (PI2) (PI3) Nm (SPD1)
bar abs bar abs bar abs rpm
100 0.9 1.2 1.1 365 3.9 2866 61
90 0.9 1.2 1.1 282 3.3 2601 57
80 0.9 1.1 1.1 212 2.7 2300 50
70 1 1.1 1.1 166 2.3 2017 44
60 1 1.1 1.1 127 1.9 1716 39
50 1 1.1 1.1 95 1.4 1420 33

Experiment 2 (i): Pumps in series Data sheet

Flow Rate Pressure Pressure Pressure Electrical Average Average DPT

(FI) Gauge 1 Gauge 2 Gauge 3 Power (W) Torque Pump (mBar)
LPM (PI1) (PI2) (PI3) (Nm) Speed
bar abs bar abs bar abs (rpm)
90 1 1.3 1.6 715 3.8 2866 41
80 0.9 1.4 1.8 682 3.7 2867 30
70 1 1.6 2.2 660 3.4 2867 20
60 1 1.7 2.4 630 3.4 2882 17
50 1 1.8 2.5 595 3.3 2882 13
40 1 1.8 2.7 543 2.6 2899 8

Experiment 2 (ii): Pumps in series Data sheet

Flow Rate Pressure Pressure Pressure Electrical Average Average DPT

(FI) Gauge 1 Gauge 2 Gauge 3 Power (W) Torque Pump (mBar)
LPM (PI1) (PI2) (PI3) (Nm) Speed
bar abs bar abs bar abs (rpm)
90 1 1 1.1 500 2.8 2456 37
80 1 1.1 1.1 390 2.3 2200 32
7.0 QUESTIONS
Experiment 1 - Single Pump Operation
For condition i
1. Plot pressure difference pump head (m) vs. flowrate.
2. Plot pump efficiency vs. flow rate.
3. Plot a pump head vs. velocity graph.
For condition ii
1. Plot pump speed vs flowrate.
2. Plot brake power vs pump speed.

Experiment 2 – Pumps-in-Series Operation

For condition i
1. Plot pressure difference pump head (m) vs. flowrate.
2. Plot pump efficiency vs. flow rate.
3. Plot a pump head vs. velocity graph.
4. Plot the comparison for the pump performance between single pump and series pump
operation.
For condition ii
1. Plot pump speed vs flowrate.
2. Plot brake power vs pump speed.

Experiment 3 – Pumps-in-Parallel Operation

For condition i
1. Plot pressure difference pump head (m) vs. flowrate.
2. Plot pump efficiency vs. flow rate.
3. Plot a pump head vs. velocity graph.
4. Plot the comparison for the pump performance between single pump and parallel pump
operation.
5. Plot the comparison for the pump performance between single pump, series pump and
parallel pump operation.
For condition ii
1. Plot pump speed vs flowrate.
2. Plot brake power vs pump speed.

Prepared by: Nur Aini Mohd Arish Approved by: Prof Madya Dr Nor Haslina Hashim

Signature: Signature:

Date: 26 August 2018 Date: 26 August 2018