MATRIX

Mahdi Hasan Rupom

Roll: 172; Sec: A
 INTRODUCTION

Matrix is the rectangular or square array of numbers

arranged in rows and columns enclosed by a pair of
brackets subject to certain rules of presentation.
It is symbolized by [ ] or || || .
 Types of Matrix

Square Matrix Row matrix Symmetric matrix

Rectangular Matrix Column matrix Scalar matrix

Unit Matrix
or Diagonal matrix zero matrix
identity matrix
 1 2 3
The Matrix having same number of rows and
Square Matrix columns is called square matrix A = 4 5 6
4 7 8

Rectangular The Matrix having unequal number of rows 45 4 5

A =
MAtrix and columns is called Rectangular Matrix 10 9 7

The matrix where every element in principal 1 0 0

diagonal is “1” & remaining all elements are
Unit or identity A = 0 1 0
zero (0) , is called UNIT MATRIX or IDENTITY
Matrix MATRIX. It is always symbolized by English 0 0 1
capital letter “I”
 Row The Matrix having only one row is called row
A = 1 2 8
Matrix matrix.

4
Column The matrix having only one column is called
A =
column matrix. 9
matrix
8

It’s a kind of matrix where non-zero elements 1 0 0

Diagonal lie in a particular diagonal and remaining all A = 0 2 0
matrix elements are zero (0) 0 0 3
 T
If a matrix transposed 1 2 3 1 2 3
and it remains unchanged A = 2 4 5 A = 2 4 5
Symmetric Matrix then it is called symmetric
3 5 6 3 5 6
matrix

It’s a kind of matrix is where non-zero 2 0 0

elements lie in the principal diagonal and all S = 0 2 0
Scalar matrix the elements of principal diagonal are equal 0 0 2
and remaining all elements are zero (0)

0 0 0
If the all elements of a matrix is zero (0) it’s z = 0 0 0
Zero/null matrix called zero or null matrix. It’s written by 0 0 0
English capital letter ‘O’.
Matrix in daily life