NDVI

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is closely corelated with

green biomass and leaf area, and thus is one of the most widely used indices for
agriculture monitoring. Earlier studies have identified that plant development,
stress, and yield potentials are expressed in the spectral reflectance from crop
canopies and that crops’ growing condition can thus quantified using NDVI
(Wiegand & Richardson, 1990; Tucker, 1979).
Calculation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is
available on-the-fly, comes first. In addition, NDVI is often used around the world
to monitor drought, forecast agricultural production, assist in forecasting fire zones
and desert offensive maps
NDVI is calculated in accordance with the formula (Gandhi et al., 2015):
NIR−¿
NDVI =
NIR+¿

NIR - reflection in the near-infrared spectrum

RED - reflection in the red range of the spectrum

The NDVI value varies from -1 to 1. Higher the value of NDVI reflects high Near Infrared
(NIR), means dense greenery. Generally, we obtain following result:

 NDVI = -1 to 0 represent Water bodies

 NDVI = -0.1 to 0.1 represent Barren rocks, sand, or snow
 NDVI = 0.2 to 0.3 represent Shrubs and grasslands or senescing crops
 NDVI = 0.3 to 1.0 represent Dense vegetation or tropical rainforest
The NDVI rate can be calculated using raster calculator in ArcGIS.